CAAN for Aeroplane

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CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY

OF

NEPAL

FLIGHT OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS

AEROPLANE

FOURTH EDITION 2009


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CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY OF

NEPAL

FOREWORD

FLIGHT OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS

Flight Operations Requirements, known hereafter as FOR, is hereby issued

by the Director General of Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal in pursuant the

Article 82 of Civil Aviation Regulation 2058 B.S. (2002 A.D.).

These requirements complement and amplify the Civil Aviation Regulation

2058 issued by Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal under the authority of Civil

Aviation Authority Act. 2053 B.S. (1996A.D.) and applicable to personnel

involved in Flight Operation of Nepalese Civil Registration Aircraft.

First, Second, and Third Edition of Flight Operations Requirements was

issued on August 1990, May 1998 and October 2005 respectively. This Fourth

Edition of FOR is issued separately as FLIGHT OPERATIONSREQUIREMENTS ( AEROPLANE) with amendments subsequently filled as

required by ICAO Annex 6 Part I and inclusive of FOD No. 1 to FOD No. 11

which is enforced on 2 January 2009.

(_____________)

Director General

Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal

2 Jan 2009


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RECORD OF AMENDMENTS

NO. DATE

APPLICABLE

DATE

ENTERED

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BY

NO. DATE

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Definitions and Abbreviations DEF-1

Foreword

CHAPTER 1. Personnel Licensing

1.1 Personal Licensing Chap 1-1

1.2 Authority Chap 1-1

1.3 Flight Crew Licenses Chap 1-2

1.4 Issuance of Flight Crew Licenses Chap 1-6

1.5 Rating Endorsement Chap 1-12

1.6 Crediting of Flight time Chap 1-15

1.7 License renewal Chap 1-17

1.8 Recent Experience Chap 1-19

1.9 Expiry of Examination and License/ Ratings Chap 1-21

1.10 Offence Chap 1-23

1.11 Miscellaneous Chap 1-24

CHAPTER 2. Requirements Applicable To Holders of Air Operator Certificate

2.1 Compliance With Laws, Regulations and Procedures Chap 2-1

2.2 Safety Management Chap 2-2

2.3 Safe Transport Of Dangerous Goods By Air Chap 2-3

2.4 Company Manuals Chap 2-8

2.5 Conditions Of Inspection Of CAAN Applicable To the

Operation of any Aeroplane Chap 2-9

2.6 Responsibilities Of Air Operator Chap 2-10

2.7 Operators To Provide Flight Instructor Chap 2-14

2.8 Operators To Provide Operations Directors Chap 2-14

2.9 Operators To Provide Flight Operations Officer

(Flight Dispatchers) Chap 2-14

2.10 Operators to Insure Awareness of Foreign Rules Chap 2-15

2.11 Proving Flights Of New Aeroplane Chap 2-15

2.12 Submission And Maintenance Of Records By An Operator Chap 2-15

2.13 minimum Equipment List ( MEL) Chap 2-18

2.14 Use Of Psychoactive Substances Chap 2-18


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CHAPTER 3.Aeroplane Instruments And Equipments

3.1 General Chap 3-1

3.2 All Aeroplanes On All Flights Chap 3-1

3.3 All Aeroplanes Operated As VFR Flights Chap 3-4

3.4 All Aeroplanes Operated In Accordance

With Instrument Flight Rules Chap 3-5

3.5 All Aeroplanes When Operated At Night Chap 3-6

3.6 Navigation Equipment Chap 3-6

3.7 Aeroplane Communication Equipment Chap 3-8

3.8 All Aeroplanes On Flights Over Water Chap 3-9

3.9 All Aeroplanes On Flights Over Designated Land Areas Chap 3-10

3.10 All Aeroplanes On High Altitude Flights Chap 3-10

3.11 All Aeroplanes In Icing Conditions Chap 3-11

3.12 Flight Recorders Chap 3-11

3.13 Pressurized Aeroplanes When Carrying Passengers-

Weather Radar Chap 3-12

3.14 All Aeroplanes Operated Above 15000m(49000 Ft)-

Radiation Indicator Chap 3-13

3.15 All Aeroplanes Complying With The Noise Certification Standards Chap 3-13

3.16 Mach Number Indicator Chap 3-13

3.17 Aeroplanes Required To Be Equipped With Ground Proximity

Warning Systems (GPWS) Chap 3-13

3.18 Aeroplanes Carrying Passengers-Cabin Crew Seats Chap 3-14

3.19 Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) Chap 3-14

3.20 Aeroplanes Required To Be Equipped With An ACAS Chap 3-14

3.21 Aeroplanes Required To Be Equipped With A Pressure

Altitude Reporting Transponder Chap 3-15

3.22 Microphones Chap 3-15

3.23 Wind Shear Chap 3-15

3.24 Installation Chap 3-16

3.25 Dual Flight Controls Chap 3-16


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CHAPTER 4. Flight Operations

4.1 Operating Facilities Chap 4-1

4.2 Operational Certification And Supervision Chap 4-1

4.3 Operations Manual Chap 4-2

4.4 Operating Instructions-General Chap 4-2

4.5 Flight Preparation Chap 4-5

4.6 In Flight Procedures Chap 4-10

4.7 Duties Of Pilots In Command Chap 4-12

4.8 Duties Of Flight Operations Officers/Flight Dispatcher Chap 4-13

4.9 Additional Requirements For Extended Range Operations By

Aeroplanes With Two Turbine Power units (ETOPS) Chap 4-13

4.10 Carry On Baggage Chap 4-14

CHAPTER 5. Aeroplane Performance Operating Limitations


5.2 Obstacle Data Chap 5-4

5.3 Additional Requirements For Operations Of Single-

Engine Turbine- Powered Aeroplanes At Night And/Or

In Instrument Meteorological Conditions Chap 5-4

CHAPTER 6. Aeroplane flight Crew

6.1 Composition Of The Flight Crew Chap 6-1

6.2 Flight Crew Member Emergency Duties Chap 6-1

6.3 Flight Crew Member Training Programmes Chap 6-1

6.4 Qualifications Chap 6-2

6.5 Flight Crew Equipment Chap 6-5

6.6 Flight Time, Flight Duty Periods And Rest Periods Chap 6-5

CHAPTER 7. Flight Operations Officer/Flight Dispatcher Chap 7-1

CHAPTER 8. Cabin Crew

8.1 Assignment Of Emergency Duties Chap 8-1

8.2 Cabin Crew At Emergency Education Stations Chap 8-1

8.3 Protection Of Cabin Crew During Flight Chap 8-1


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8.4 Training Chap 8-1

8.5 Flight Time, Flight Duty Periods And Rest Periods Chap 8-2

CHAPTER 9. Security

9.1 Domestic Commercial Operations Chap 9-1

9.2 Security Of The Flight Crew Compartment Chap 9-1

9.3 Aeroplane Search Procedure Checklist Chap 9-1

9.4 Training Programmes Chap 9-2

9.5 Reporting Acts Of Unlawful Interference Chap 9-2

9.6 Miscellaneous Chap 9-2

CHAPTER 10. Training Requirements And Safe Training Practices


10.2 Training Programme Curriculum Chap 10-1

10.3 Training Programme And Revision; Initial And Final Approval Chap 10-2

10.4 Ground Instructor Chap 10-2

10.5 Pilot Training : Ground And Flight Training..... Chap 10-3

10.6 Cabin Crew : Initial Transition And

Differences Ground Training Chap 10-5

10.7 Aircraft Dispatcher : Initial And Transition Ground Training Chap 10-6

10.8 Flight Instructor : Initial And Transition Training Chap 10-7

10.9 Flight Engineers : Initial And Transition Flight Training Chap 10-7

10.10 Indoctrination Ground Training : Crew Member,

Flight Engineer And Dispatcher Chap 10-8

10.11 Crew Member Emergency Training Chap 10-9

10.12 Difference Training: Crew Members And Dispatcher Chap 10-10

10.13 Safe training Practices Chap 10-11

10.14 Tolerance For P2 Initial And Recurrent Check Chap 10-12

10.15 Tolerance For P1 Upgrading And Proficiency Check Chap 10-13

10.16 Grading Sample Chap 10-13

10.17 Briefing And De-Briefing Procedures Chap 10-15

10.18 Instrument Rating Chap 10-16

10.19 Night Flight Qualification Chap 10-18

10.20 Failure Of The Flight Test Chap 10-19


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CHAPTER11. Approval OF The training Organization


11.2 Requirements For Grant Or Approval

For Endorsement And /or Type Course Chap 11-1

11.3 Grant Of Approval Chap 11-2

11.4 Extension And Renewal Of Approval Chap 11-3

11.5 Foreign Training Organization Chap 11-3

CHAPTER12. Minimum Standards For The Approval of Synthetic Flight Trainer

12.1 Application For Approval Chap 12-1

12.2 General Requirements Chap 12-1

12.3 Minimum Standard For Simulation Of Aeroplane Systems Chap 12-2

12.4 Minimum Standards Of Performance Chap 12-3

12.5 Minimum Standard For Flight Characteristics Chap 12-5

12.6 Minimum Standards For Navigational Accuracy Chap 12-6

12.7 Minimum Standards Of Instrument Flight Procedure Trainer

( Turbo- Prop Aeroplane) Chap 12-6

CHAPTER 13. Operations At An Aerodrome And Aircraft


13.2 Ground Operations Chap 13-1

13.3 Movement Of Persons And Vehicle At An Aerodrome Chap 13-2

13.4 Safe Guarding At Aerodromes Chap 13-7

13.5 Conduct Of Persons In An Aircraft Chap 13-8

CHAPTER 14. Operations With leased Aircraft


14.2 General Requirements For Aircraft Leasing Chap 14-1

14.3 Aircraft Leasing Process Chap 14-2

14.4 Dry Lease Chap 14-3

14.5 Dry leasing OF Nepalese Registered Aircraft Chap 14-4

14.6 Wet Lease (short /Long Term) Chap 14-4

14.7 Wet Leasing Of Foreign Registered Aircraft From

An AOC Holder Chap 14-5


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14.8 Wet Leasing Of Foreign Registered Aircraft From

A Person Or A Company Chap 14-5

14.9 Wet Leasing Of Nepalese Registered Aircraft From

An AOC Holder Chap 14-5

14.10 Damp Lease Chap 14-5

14-11 Aircraft Registration Requirements Chap 14-6

14.12 Operator's Obligations Chap 14-6


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DEFINITIONS AND ABRREVIATIONS

Definitions:

When the following terms are used in the Flight Operations Requirements have thefollowing meanings:

Aerial work. An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized services

such as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol,

search and rescue, aerial advertisement, etc.

Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and

equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and

surface movement of aircraft.

Aerodrome operating minima. The limits of usability of an aerodrome for:

1. take-off, expressed in terms of runway visual range and/or visibility and, ifnecessary, cloud conditions;

2. landing in precision approach and landing operations, expressed in terms ofvisibility and/or runway visual range and decision altitude/height (DA/H) asappropriate to the category of the operation;

3. landing in approach and landing operations with vertical guidance, expressed interms of visibility and/or runway visual range and decision altitude/height

(DA/H); and

4. landing in non-precision approach and landing operations, expressed in terms ofvisibility and/or runway visual range, minimum descent altitude/height

(MDA/H) and, if necessary, cloud conditions.

Aeroplane. A power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly

from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of

flight.

Aircraft. Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions ofthe air other than the reactions of the air against the earths surface.

Aircraft operating manual. A manual, acceptable to the State of the Operator,

containing normal, abnormal and emergency procedures, checklists, limitations,

performance information, details of the aircraft systems and other material relevant to

the operation of the aircraft.

Note. The aircraft operating manual is part of the operations manual.

Air operator certificate (AOC). A certificate authorizing an operator to carry out

specified commercial air transport operations.


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Alternate aerodrome. An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it

becomes either impossible or inadvisable to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of

intended landing. Alternate aerodromes include the following:

Take-off alternate. An alternate aerodrome at which an aircraft can land should this

become necessary shortly after take-off and it is not possible to use the aerodrome ofdeparture.

En-route alternate. An aerodrome at which an aircraft would be able to land after

experiencing an abnormal or emergency condition while en route.

ETOPS en-route alternate. A suitable and appropriate alternate aerodrome at which

an aeroplane would be able to land after experiencing an engine shutdown or other

abnormal or emergency condition while en route in an ETOPS operation.

Destination alternate. An alternate aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceedshould it become either impossible or inadvisable to land at the aerodrome of

intended landing.

Note. The aerodrome from which a flight departs may also be an en-route or adestination alternate aerodrome for that flight.

Altimetry system error (ASE). The difference between the altitude indicated by the

altimeter display, assuming a correct altimeter barometric setting, and the pressure alti-

tude corresponding to the undisturbed ambient pressure.

Approach and landing operations using instrument approach procedures. Instrumentapproach and landing operations are classified as follows:

Non-precision approach and landing operations. An instrument approach andlanding which utilizes lateral guidance but does not utilize vertical guidance.

Approach and landing operations with vertical guidance. An instrument approachand landing which utilizes lateral and vertical guidance but does not meet the

requirements established for precision approach and landing operations.

Precision approach and landing operations. An instrument approach and landing

using precision lateral and vertical guidance with minima as determined by thecategory of operation.

Note. Lateral and vertical guidance refers to the guidance provided either by:

1.a ground-based navigation aid; or

2.computer generated navigation data.

Categories of precision approach and landing operations:

Category I (CAT I) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a

decision height not lower than 60 m (200 ft) and with either a visibility not less than800 m or a runway visual range not less than 550 m.


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Category I (CAT I) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with adecision height lower than 60 m (200 ft), but not lower than 30 m (100 ft), and a

runway visual range not less than 350 m.

CategoryIA (CAT IIA) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with:

1. a decision height lower than 30 m (100 ft) or no decision height; and2. a runway visual range not less than 200 m.CategoryIB (CAT IIB) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with:

1. a decision height lower than 15 m (50 ft) or no decision height; and2. a runway visual range less than 200 m but not less than 50 m.CategoryIC (CATIC) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with

no decision height and no runway visual range limitations.

Note. Where decision height (DH) and runway visual range (RVR) fall into diferent

categories of operation, the instrument approach and landing operation would becon-ducted in accordance with the requirements of the most demanding category (e.g.

an operation with a DH in the range of C A T I A but with an RVR in the range of CATIB would be considered a CA T I B operation or an operation with a DH in the range of

CAT I but with an RVR in the range of CAT I would be considered a CAT I

operation).

Area navigation (RNA V). A method of navigation which permits aircraft operation

on any desired flight path within the coverage of ground- or space-based navigation

aids or within the limits of the capability of self-contained aids, or a combination of

these.

Note. Area navigation includes performance-based navigation as well as otheroperations that do not meet the definition of performance-based navigation.

Cabin crew member. A crew member who performs, in the interest of safety of

passengers, duties assigned by the operator or the pilot-in-command of the aircraft, but

who shall not act as a flight crew member.

Cargo: Things other than passengers carried on aircraft.

Certificate of Airworthiness: certificate of airworthiness issued or enforced under these

rules :

Category A STOL Airfield: Those STOL airfields below 5500 feet above mean sea level

and where missed approach is possible.

Category B STOL Airfield: Those STOL airfields which are at or above 5500 feet and

below 7000 feet above mean sea level and where missed approach is critical.

Category C STOL Airfield: Those STOL airfields which are at or above 7000feet above


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mean sea level, approach is difficult due to local weather conditions and where missed

approach is not advisable after certain point during approach and landing phase.

Commercial air transport operation. An aircraft operation involving the transport of

passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire.

Co-pilot. A licensed pilot serving in any piloting capacity other that as pilot-in-command

but excluding a pilot who is on board the aircraft for the sole purpose of receiving flight

instruction.

Configuration deviation list (CDL). A list established by the organization responsible

for the type design with the approval of the State of Design which identifies any

external parts of an aircraft type which may be missing at the commencement of a

flight, and which contains, where necessary, any information on associated operating

limitations and performance correction.

ruise relief pilot. A flight crew member who is assigned to perform pilot tasks duringcruise flight, to allow the pilotin-command or a co-pilot to obtain planned rest.

Cruising level. A level maintained during a significant portion of a flight.

Dangerous goods. Articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health,

safety, property or the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous

goods in the Technical Instructions or which are classified according to those

Instructions.

Note. Dangerous goods are classified in Annex 18, Chapter 3.

Damp Lease means wet lease with partial crew;

Differences Training - The training required for crew members and dispatchers who have

qualified and served on a particular type of aircraft but the differences training is necessary

before a crewman serves in the same capacity on a particular variation of that aircraft.

Dry Lease means a lease of aircraft without the crew. In this case the aircraft is normally

registered in the AOC holder's State, bears the lesse's AOC holder name/logo and is

operated under the AOC of the Lessee;

Decision altitude (DA) ordecision height (DH). A specified altitude or height in the precision approach or approach with vertical guidance at which a missed approach

must be initiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been

established.

Note 1. Decision altitude (DA) is referenced to mean sea level and decision height

(DH) is referenced to the threshold elevation.

Note 2. The required visual reference means that section of the visual aids or of the

approach area which should have been in view for sufficient time for the pilot to havemade an assessment of the aircraft position and rate of change of position, in relation

to the desired flight path. In Ca tegoryI operations with a decision height the requiredvisual reference is that specified for the particular procedure and operation.


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Note 3. For convenience where both expressions are used they may be written in the

form decision altitude/ height and abbreviated DA/H.

Director General. Director General of Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal.

Emergency locator transmitter (ELT). A generic term describing equipment whichbroadcast distinctive signals on designated frequencies and, depending on application,

may be automatically activated by impact or be manually activated. An ELT may be

any of the following:

Automatic fixed ELT (ELT(AF)). An automatically activated ELT which is permanently

attached to an aircraft.

Automatic portable ELT (ELT(AP)). An automatically activated ELT which is rigidlyattached to an aircraft but readily removable from the aircraft.

Automatic deployable ELT (ELT(AD)). An ELT which is rigidly attached to an aircraftand which is automatically deployed and activated by impact, and, in some cases, alsoby hydrostatic sensors. Manual deployment is also provided.

Survival ELT (ELT(S)). An ELT which is removable from an aircraft, stowed so as tofacilitate its ready use in an emergency, and manually activated by survivors.

Flight crew member. A licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the

operation of an aircraft during a flight duty period.

Flight data analysis. A process of analysing recorded flight data in order to improve

the safety of flight operations.

Flight duty period. The total time from the moment a flight crew member commences

duty, immediately subsequent to a rest period and prior to making a flight or a series of

flights, to the moment the flight crew member is relieved of all duties having

completed such flight or series of flights.

Flight manual. A manual, associated with the certificate of airworthiness, containing

limitations within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy, and instructions and

information necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation of the aircraft.

Flight operations officer/flight dispatcher. A person designated by the operator toengage in the control and supervision of flight operations, whether licensed or not,

suitably qualified in accordance with Annex 1, who supports, briefs and/or assists the

pilot-in-command in the safe conduct of the flight.

Flight plan. Specified information provided to air traffic services units, relative to an

intended flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft.

Flight recorder. Any type of recorder installed in the air-craft for the purpose of

complementing accident/incident investigation.

Flight safety documents system. A set of interrelated documentation established by theoperator, compiling and organizing information necessary for flight and ground


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operations, and comprising, as a minimum, the operations manual and the operators

maintenance control manual.

Flight simulation training device. Any one of the following three types of apparatus in

which flight conditions are simulated on the ground:

A flight simulator, which provides an accurate representation of the flight deck of a

particular aircraft type to the extent that the mechanical, electrical, electronic, etc. air-

craft systems control functions, the normal environment of flight crew members, and

the performance and flight characteristics of that type of aircraft are realistically

simulated;

A flight procedures trainer, which provides a realistic flight deck environment, andwhich simulates instrument responses, simple control functions of mechanical, elec-

trical, electronic, etc. aircraft systems, and the performance and flight characteristics of

aircraft of a particular class;

A basic instrument flight trainer, which is equipped with appropriate instruments, and

which simulates the flight deck environment of an aircraft in flight in instrument flight

conditions.

Flight time aeroplanes. The total time from the moment an aeroplane first moves

for the purpose of taking off until the moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the

flight.

Note. Flight time as here defined is synonymous with the term block to block time

or chock to chock time in general usage which is measured from the time an

aeroplane first moves for the purpose of taking of until it finally stops at the end of theflight.

Glider. A non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly

from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of

flight.

Glider flight time.The total time occupied in flight whether being towed or not, fromthe moment the glider first moves for the purpose of taking off until the moment it

comes to rest at the end of the flight.

General aviation operation. An aircraft operation other than a commercial air transportoperation or an aerial work operation.

Ground handling. Services necessary for an aircrafts arrival at, and departure from,

an airport, other than air traffic services.

Human Factors principles. Principles which apply to aeronautical design,

certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface

between the human and other system components by proper consideration to human

performance.

Human performance. Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the

safety and efficiency of aeronautical operations.


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In-flight refers to manouevers procedures or functions that must be conducted in the

aircraft.

Initial Training- The training required for crew members and dispatchers who have not

qualified and served in the same capacity on another aircraft of the same group.

Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). Meteorological condition expressed in

terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling, less than the minima specified for

visual meteorological conditions.

Note:- The specified minima for visual meteorological conditions are contained in

Chapter 4 of Annex 2.

Inspectormeans Flight Operation Inspector authorized by the Director General.

Instrument flight time. Time during which a pilot is piloting an aircraft solely by

reference to instruments and without external reference points.

Instrument ground time. Time during which a pilot is practicing, on the ground, simulated

instrument flight in a synthetic flight trainer approved

Instrument time. Instrument flight time or instrument ground time.

Leased Aircraftmeans an aircraft as one used under a contractual leasing arrangement;

Lessormeans the person, party or the AOC holder from whom the aircraft is leased;

Lessee means the person, party or the AOC holder to which the aircraft is leased;

Long Term Lease means an operating lease for a period exceeding 90 days;

Maintenance release. A document which contains a certification confirming that the

maintenance work to which it relates has been completed in a satisfactory manner, either

in accordance with the approved data and the procedures described in the maintenance

organization's procedures manual or under an equivalent system.

Master minimum equipment list (MMEL). A list established for a particular aircraft

type by the organization responsible for the type design with the approval of the State ofDesign containing items, one or more of which is permitted to be unserviceable at the

commencement of a flight. The MMEL may be associated with special operating

conditions, limitations or procedures.

Minimum descent altitude (MDA) or minimum descent height (MDH). A specified

altitude or height in a non-precision approach or circling approach below which descent

must not be made without the required visual reference.

Note 1. Minimum descent altitude (MDA) is referenced to mean sea level and

minimum descent height (MDH) is referenced to the aerodrome elevation or to the


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threshold elevation if that is more than 2 m (7 ft) below the aerodrome elevation. A

minimum descent height for a circling approach is referenced to the aerodrome

elevation.

Note 2. The required visual reference means that section of the visual aids or the

approach area which should have been in view for sufficient time for the pilot tohave made an assessment of the aircraft position and rate of change of position, in

relation to the desired flight path. In the case of a circling approach the required

visual reference is the

Large aeroplane. An aeroplane of a maximum certificated take-off mass of over 5 700

kg.

Maintenance. The performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing

airworthiness of an aircraft, including any one or combination of overhaul, inspection,

replacement, defect rectification, and the embodiment of a modification or repair.

Maintenance organizations procedures manual. A document endorsed by the head of

the maintenance organization which details the maintenance organizations structure

and management responsibilities, scope of work, description of facilities, maintenance

procedures and quality assurance or inspection systems.

Maintenance programme. A document which describes the specific scheduled

maintenance tasks and their frequency of completion and related procedures, such as a

reliability pro-gramme, necessary for the safe operation of those aircraft to which it

applies.

Maintenance release. A document which contains a certification confirming that the

maintenance work to which it relates has been completed in a satisfactory manner,

either in accordance with the approved data and the procedures described in the

maintenance organizations procedures manual or under an equivalent system.

Master minimum equipment list (MMEL). A list established for a particular aircraft

type by the organization responsible for the type design with the approval of the State

of Design containing items, one or more of which is permitted to be unserviceable at

the commencement of a flight. The MMEL may be associated with special operating

conditions, limitations or procedures.

Maximum mass. Maximum certificated take-off mass.

Medical Assessment. The evidence issued by a Contracting State that the licence holder

meets specific requirements of medical fitness. It is issued following an evaluation by the

Licensing Authority of the report submitted by the designated medical examiner who

conducted the

Minimum descent altitude (MDA) or minimum descent height (MDH). A specified

altitude or height in a non-precision approach or circling approach below which

descent must not be made without the required visual reference.

Note 1. Minimum descent altitude (MDA) is referenced to mean sea level and


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minimum descent height (MDH) is referenced to the aerodrome elevation or to

the threshold elevation if that is more than 2 m (7 ft) below the aerodromeelevation. A minimum descent height for a circling approach is referenced to the

aerodrome elevation.

Note 2. The required visual reference means that section of the visual aids or ofthe approach area which should have been in view for sufficient time for the pilotto have made an assessment of the aircraft position and rate of change of

position, in relation to the desired flight path. In the case of a circling approach

the required visual reference is the runway environment.

Note 3. For convenience when both expressions are used they may be written in

the form minimum descent altitude/ height and abbreviated MDA/H

Minimum equipment list (MEL). A list which provides for the operation of aircraft,

subject to specified conditions, with particular equipment inoperative, prepared by an

operator in conformity with, or more restrictive than, the MMEL established for theaircraft type.

Navigation specification. A set of aircraft and flight crew requirements needed to

support performance-based navigation operations within a defined airspace. There

are two kinds of navigation specifications:

RNP specification. A navigation specification based on area navigation thatincludes the requirement for performance monitoring and alerting, designated by

the prefix RNP, e.g. RNP 4, RNP APCH.

RNA V specification. A navigation specification based on area navigation thatdoes not include the requirement for performance monitoring and alerting,

designated by the prefix RNAV, e.g. RNAV 5, RNAV 1.

Note. The Performance-based Navigation Manual (Doc 9613), Volume I,

contains detailed guidance on navigation specifications.

Night. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of

morning civil twilight or such other period between sunset and sunrise, as may be

prescribed by the appropriate authority.

Note. Civil twilight ends in the evening when the centre of the suns disc is 6degrees below the horizon and begins in the morning when the centre of the sun

s disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.

Obstacle clearance altitude (OCA) or obstacle clearance height (OCH). The

lowest altitude or the lowest height above the elevation of the relevant runway

threshold or the aerodrome elevation as applicable, used in establishing compliance

with appropriate obstacle clearance criteria.

Note 1. Obstacle clearance altitude is referenced to mean sea level andobstacle clearance height is referenced to the threshold elevation or in the case

of non-precision approaches to the aerodrome elevation or the thresholdelevation if that is more than 2 m (7 ft) below the aerodrome elevation. An


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obstacle clearance height for a circling approach is referenced to the aerodrome

elevation.

Note 2. For convenience when both expressions are used they may be written in

the form obstacle clearance altitude/ height and abbreviated OCA/H.

Operational control. The exercise of authority over the initiation, continuation,

diversion or termination of a flight in the interest of the safety of the aircraft and the

regularity and efficiency of the flight.

Operational flight plan. The operators plan for the safe conduct of the flight based on

considerations of aeroplane performance, other operating limitations and relevant

expected conditions on the route to be followed and at the aerodromes concerned.

Operations manual. A manual containing procedures, instructions and guidance for

use by operational personnel in the execution of their duties.

Operations specifications. The authorizations, conditions and limitations associated

with the air operator certificate and subject to the conditions in the operations manual.

Operator. A person, organization or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in an

aircraft operation.

Operators maintenance control manual. A document which describes the operators

procedures necessary to ensure that all scheduled and unscheduled maintenance is

performed on the operators aircraft on time and in a controlled and satisfactory

manner.

Performance-based navigation (PBN). Area navigation based on performance

requirements for aircraft operating along an ATS route, on an instrument approach

procedure or in a designated airspace.

Note. Performance requirements are expressed in navigation specifications

(RNAV specification, RNP specification) in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity,availability and functionality needed for the proposed operation in the context of a

particular airspace concept.

Pilot-in-command. The pilot designated by the operator, or in the case of general

aviation, the owner, as being in command and charged with the safe conduct of a

flight.

Pressure-altitude. An atmospheric pressure expressed in terms of altitude which

corresponds to that pressure in the Standard Atmosphere*.

Problematic use of substances. The use of one or more psychoactive substances by

aviation personnel in way that:

a) constitutes a direct hazard to the user or endangers the lives, health or welfare ofothers; and / or

b)

causes or worsens an occupational, social, mental or physical problem or disorder.


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Fourth Edition

Psychoactive substances. Alcohol, opioids, cannabinoids, sedatives and hypnotics,

cocaine, other psychostimulants, hallucinogens, and volatile solvents, whereas coffee

and tobacco are excluded.

Rating. An authorizaion entered on or associated with a licence and forming part thereof,

stating special conditions, privileges or limitations pertaining to such license.

Relief Crew. means a crew member licensed for duties who takes over the running of the

aircraft.

Rest Facilities On Board. places and facilities sufficiently comfortable and completely

separated from the passengers to enable crew members to rest and to provide them with

rest in due proportion to the flight time.

Rest Period. means a period of time on ground during which a crew member is relieved of

all duties, including cabin attendants;

Repair. The restoration of an aeronautical product to an airworthy condition to ensurethat the aircraft continues to comply with the design aspects of the appropriate air-

worthiness requirements used for the issuance of the type certificate for the respective

aircraft type, after it has been damaged or subjected to wear.

Required communication performance (RCP). A statement of the performance

requirements for operational communication in support of specific ATM functions.

Required communication performance type (RCP type). A label (e.g. RCP 240) that

represents the values assigned to RCP parameters for communication transaction time,

continuity, availability and integrity.

Runway visual range (RVR). The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the

centre line of a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating

the runway or identifying its centre line.

Safe forced landing. Unavoidable landing or ditching with a reasonable expectancy of

no injuries to persons in the aircraft or on the surface.

Safety management system. A systematic approach to managing safety, including the

necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.

Safety programme. An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improvingsafety.

Short Term Lease.means a lease designed to meet an AOC holder's need for additional

aircraft for seasonal or short period not exceeding 90 days;

Small aeroplane. An aeroplane of a maximum certificated take-off mass of 5 700 kg or

less.

State of Registry. The State on whose register the aircraft is entered.

Note. In the case of the registration of aircraft of an international operatingagency on other than a national basis, the States constituting the agency are jointly


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Fourth Edition

and severally bound to assume the obligations which, under the Chicago

Convention, attach to a State of Registry. See, in this regard, the Council Resolutionof 14 December 1967 on Nationality and Registration of Aircraft Operated by

International Operating Agencies which can be found in Policy and Guidance

Material on the Economic Regulation of International Air Transport (Doc 9587).

State of the Operator. The State in which the operators principal place of business is

located or, if there is no such place of business, the operators permanent residence.

Target level of safety (TLS). A generic term representing the level of risk which is

considered acceptable in particular circumstances.

Total vertical error (TVE). The vertical geometric difference between the actual

pressure altitude flown by an aircraft and its assigned pressure altitude (flight level).

Transition Training- The training required

for crew members and dispatcher who have qualified and served in the same capacity on

another aircraft of the same group.Upgrade Training- The training required For crew members who have qualified and served

as Co-pilot or Flight Engineer on a particular aircraft type before they serve as pilot in

command or second command respectively on that aircraft.

Visual meteorological conditions (VMC). Meteorological conditions expressed in terms

of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling , equal to or better than specified minima.

Note :- The specified minima are contained in Chapter 4 of Annex 2.

Wet Lease. means a lease of aircraft with the crew; under a contractual arrangement.


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Fourth Edition

Abbreviations :

When the following abbreviations are used in the Flight Operation Requirements, theyhave following meaning

'A' & 'C' - Airframe and Engine

ACAS - Airborne Collision Avoidance System

ADF - Automatic Direction Finding

AGL - Above Ground Level

AIP - Aeronautical Information Publication

AMT - Aircraft Maintenance Technician

ATC - Air Traffic Control

ATPL - Airline Transport Pilot License

C of A - Certificate of Airworthiness

C of G - Center of Gravity

CAAN - Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal

CAMB - Civil Aviation Medical Board

CPL - Commercial Pilot License

CRM - Crew Resource Management

CVR - Cockpit Voice Recorder

DGCA - Director General of Civil Aviation

DH - Decision Height

DME - Distance Measuring Equipment

EET - Estimated Elapsed Time

ELT - Emergency Locator Transmitter

ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival

FOD - Flight Operations Directives

F/E - Flight Engineer

F/O - First Officer

FDR - Flight Data Recorder

FOO - Flight Operation Officer


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Fourth Edition

FOR - Flight Operations Requirements

GCA - Ground Control Approach

GPS - Global Positioning System

GPWS - Ground Proximity Warning System

HF - High Frequency

HMG - His Majesty's Government

HSI - Horizontal Situation Indicator

ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization

IFR - Instrument Flight Rules

ILS - Instrument Landing System

IMC - Instrument Meteorological Conditions

MDA/H - Minimum Descent Altitude / Height

MEL - Minimum Equipment List

MMEL - Master Minimum Equipment List

MNPS - Minimum Navigation Performance Specification

NCAR - Nepalese Civil Airworthiness Requirement

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OBS - Omni Bearing Selector

OCA/H - Obstacle Clearance Altitude / (Height)

PIC - Pilot in Command

PPC - Pilot Proficiency Check

PPL - Private Pilot License

PUC - Pilot Under Check

QDM - Magnetic Heading to the Station

RNP - Required Navigation PerformanceRVR - Runway Visual Range

RVSM - Reduced Vertical Separation Minima

SB - Satisfactory with Briefing

SID - Standard Instrument Departure

SIM - Simulated

SOP - Standard Operating Procedure

STOL - Short Take Off and Landing

TSO - Technical Standard Order


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Fourth Edition

US - Unserviceable

VASI - Vertical Approach Slope Indicator

VHF - Very High Frequency

VFR - Visual Flight Rules

VMC - Visual Meteorological Condition

VOR - Very High Frequency Omni Range

VSM - Vertical Separation Minima


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APPENDICES

PAGE

APPENDIX 1 : MEDICAL FORMS APP 1-5

APPENDIX 2 : FLIGHT CREW LICENSE APPLICATION FORM APP 2-2

APPENDIX 3 : FLIGHT CREW LICENSE RENEWAL APP 3-2

APPLICATION FORM

APPENDIX 4 : LICENSE DEPOSIT CERTIFICATE APP 4-1

APPENDIX 5 : OPERATIONS MANUAL STRUCTURE

(LIST OF CONTENTS). APP 5-4

APPENDIX 6 : PILOT PROFICIENCY CHECK (AEROPLANE) APP 6-10

APPENDIX 7 : SYLLABUS FOR CPL EXAMINATION APP 7-11

APPENDIX 8 : SYLLABUS FOR ATPL EXAMINATION APP 8-4

APPENDIX 9 : SYLLABUS FOR BASIC FLIGHT OPERATION OFFICER APP 9-2

APPENDIX 10: SYLLABUS FOR BASIC FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENCE APP 10-2

EXAMINATION (FIXED WING)

APPENDIX 11: SYLLABUS FOR ORAL EXAMINATION OF APP 11-1

INSTRUCTOR PILOT


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Flight Operations Requirements-Aeroplane CHAP 1- 1 2 January 2009Fourth Edition

CHAPTER 1

PERSONNEL LICENSING

1.1 PERSONNEL LICENSING

1.1.1 FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS TO HOLD LICENSES

a) A person shall not act as a member of a flight crew of an Aeroplane

registered in Nepal unless he is the holder of an appropriate license

issued or validated by the Director General under these requirements.

b) Within Nepal, a person shall not act as a member of a flight crew of an

Aeroplane registered in another State unless he is the holder of an

appropriate license issued or validated by the State of Registry of the

Aeroplane.

c) For the purpose of this requirement an appropriate license shall be a

license which entitles the holder to perform the functions which he

undertakes in the Aeroplane concerned, on the flight on which it is

engaged.

1.1.2 PRIVILEGE OF THE LICENSES:

a) A license holder shall not exercise the privileges other than those granted

by his license and its rating(s).

b) The privileges of the license and its rating(s) shall not be exercisedunless the holder fulfills the applicable requirements and directives

mentioned in this Requirements.

1.1.3 APPLICABILITY:Requirements mentioned in this Flight Operations Requirements shall be

applicable to the operation of aeroplanes by operators authorized to

conduct domestic and international commercial air transport operations.

1.2 AUTHORITY

1.2.1 The Director General shall issue and renew licenses and ratings subject to suchconditions as he thinks fit in the interest of flight safety, authorizing the holder

to act as a member of a flight crew of an Aeroplane registered in Nepal, when

he is satisfied that the applicant for a license or a rating is a fit person to hold the

license or rating and is qualified by reason of his knowledge, experience,

competence, skill and physical and mental fitness to act in the capacity

authorized by the license or rating; for that purpose the applicant shall furnish

such evidence and undergo such examinations and tests as the Director General

may require of him.


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1.2.2 A license granted by the Director General shall entitle the holder to such

privileges and be subject to such conditions and limitations as may be specified

by the Director General.

1.2.3 The Director General Shall grant licenses, subject to such conditions as he

thinks fit, upon his being satisfied that the applicant is a fit person to hold the

license and is qualified by reason of his knowledge, experience, competence,skill and mental and physical fitness to act in the capacity to which the license

relates and for that purpose the applicant shall furnish such evidence and

undertake such examinations and tests as the Director General may specify.

1.2.4 The Director General is authorized to amend this requirement as an when

necessary.

1.3 FLIGHT CREW LICENSES

1.3.1 TYPE OF LICENSES:

Licenses granted under these requirements shall have the following types and

privileges:

a) A Private Pilot License: being a license authorizing the holder to fly as

pilot-in-command or as co-pilot of a private Aeroplane.

b) A Commercial Pilot License: being a license authorizing the holder to

act as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot in any private Aeroplane, to act aspilot-in-command in any commercial air transportation in any Aeroplane

certificated for single pilot operation or to act as co-pilot in any

commercial air transport Aeroplane required to be operated with a co-

pilot.

c) An Airline Transport Pilot License: being a license authorizing the holderto act as pilot-in-command, or as co-pilot in any private or commercial air

transport Aeroplane.

d) A Flight Engineer License: being a license authorizing the holder to actas flight engineer in any private or commercial air transport Aeroplane.

e) A Balloon Pilot License: being a license authorizing the holder to act as

a pilot in any type of hot air balloon.

f) A Glider Pilot License:being a license authorizing the holder to act asa pilot in any glider.

g) An Ultra Light Pilot License : being a license authorizing the holder toact as a pilot in any ultra light Aeroplane.


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h) A Flight Operations Officer (Flight Dispatcher) License : being alicense authorizing the holder to act as a Flight Operation Officer.

1.3.2 RATING:

1.3.3.1 A person holding a license issued or validated by the Director General

shall not exercise the privileges of his license by:

a) acting as a pilot, or as a flight engineer of an Aeroplane unless a

rating appropriate to the type of Aeroplane is included in his

license;

b) acting as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot under Instrument

Flight Rules unless an Instrument Rating is included in his

license;

c) giving flight instruction required for the issue of a pilot license or

for the issue of a rating unless he holds a flight instructor rating

endorsed on his license, and in the case of flight instruction for

the issue or renewal of an Instrument Rating, also holds an

Instrument Rating.

1.3.3.2 A rating for a specific type of Aeroplane shall entitle the holder of a

pilot license, containing that rating, to act as pilot-in-command or as co-

pilot, whichever function is authorized by that rating, in that type of

Aeroplane.

1.3.3.3 A rating for a specific type of Aeroplane shall entitle the holder of a

flight engineer license containing that rating to act as a flight engineer in

that type of Aeroplane.

1.3.3 VALIDITY OF LICENSES:

1.3.2.1 License granted under these requirements shall have the following

periods of validity:

a) A Private Pilot License, A Commercial Pilot License, An AirlineTransport Pilot License, A Flight Engineer License, A Balloon

Pilot License, A Glider Pilot License and An Ultra Light PilotLicense have the same period of validity as the period of validity

mentioned in Medical Validity.

b) A Flight Operations Officers License- 24 months

1.3.4 MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS:


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A person applying for the issuance or renewal of a license to act as a member of

the operating crew of an Aeroplane shall be required to undergo examination to

ascertain whether his physical and mental condition confirm, to the standard of

fitness as stated in Medical Manual issued by Director General.

1.3.4.1 MEDICAL ASSESSMENT:

A person holding a license issued under these requirements authorizing

him to act as a member of a flight crew shall not do so unless he holds a

current medical assessment given under the authority of the Director

General by the medical examiners of Civil Aviation Medical Board.

1.3.4.2 MEDICAL VALIDITY:

A medical assessment shall become current on the date it is issued and shall

expire:

a) in the case of the holder of a Private Pilot License, on the last day

of the sixtieth month (the holder whose age is 40 years or more-24months or the holder whose age is 50 years or more-12 months)

after the month in which the assessment was issued;

b) in the case of the holder of a Commercial Pilot License, on the last

day of the twelfth month ( the holder whose age is 40years or more

in single crew commercial airtransport operations 6 months)

after the month in which the assessment was issued;

c) in the case of the holder of an Airline Transport Pilot License, on

the last day of the twelfth month (the holder whose age is 40 years

or more in single-crew-6 months or the holder whose age is 60

years or more in multi-crew-6 months) after the month in whichthe assessment was issued;

d) in the case of the holder of a Flight Engineer License, on the last

day of the twelfth month after the month in which the assessment

was issued.

e) in the case of the holder of a Balloon Pilot License, on the last day

of the sixtieth month after the month in which the assessment was

issued.

f) in the case of the holder of a Glider Pilot License, on the last day

of the sixtieth month after the month in which the assessment was

issued.g) in the case of the holder of a Ultra Light Pilot License, on the last

day of the twelfth month after the month in which the assessment

was issued.


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1.3.5 MEDICAL UNFITNESS:

1.3.5.1 Temporary Unfitness

a) A person holding a license issued under these requirements which

includes a medical assessment, who suffers any personal injury or

illness affecting his capacity to function as member of a flight crewthroughout a period of 20 days or more; or is a woman who becomes

pregnant, shall inform the Director General as soon as possible.

On the occurrence of such an injury, illness or pregnancy, the

medical assessment shall be deemed to be suspended and shall not

again become current until the holder has undergone such medical

examination.

b) A person holding a license issued under these requirements which

includes a current medical assessment, shall not exercise the

privileges of his license if he is aware that his capacity to efficiently

perform his duties is likely to be impaired by a decrease in hismedical fitness other than one described in sub paragraph (1) above.

1.3.5.2 Permanent Unfitness

a) A license holder who is found unfit to perform his flight duty

permanently on medical ground shall be declared permanently unfit

by Director General on the recommendation of Civil Aviation

Medical Board. Such person shall be relieved from flight duty on

permanent basis.

b) However, if due to the new medical invention, such person gets

recovery of his unfitness, Director General may consider him to act

as a flight crew on the recommendation of CAMB.

1.3.6 ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION

For the initial endorsement, the pilot must have an academic qualification of

Intermediate in Science or equivalent in which the subjects of physics and

mathematics are covered.

1.3.7 AGE LIMIT:1.3.7.1 The holder of a Commercial Pilot License, or an Airline Transport

Pilot License shall not act as pilot-in-command, or as co-pilot of an

aircraft engaged in commercial air transport operations, if the

license holders have attained their 60th birthday or, in the case of

operations with more than one pilot where the other pilot is younger

than 60 years of age, their 65th birthday.


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1.4 ISSUANCE OF FLIGHT CREW LICENSE

1.4.1 PRIVATE PILOT LICENSE - AEROPLANE

1.4.1.1 Age and Medical Qualifications

Applicants must not be less than 17 years of age and must hold a current

Class II Medical Assessment.

1.4.1.2 Technical Knowledge, Experience and Practical Flying

Applicants must hold a Private Pilot License issued by a Contracting

State. In addition applicants must have completed not less than 40 hours

flight time including :

a) not less than 10 hours solo flight time under supervision of an

authorized Flight Instructor, and

b) 5 hours of solo cross country flight time with at least one cross

country flight totaling not less than 150 nautical miles andincluding a full stop landing at two different places other than the

place of departure.

1.4.1.3 Applicants will also be required to successfully complete a written or

oral examination as specified by the Director General, of their

knowledge of the contents of Nepalese civil aviation rules and

regulations including the relevant portion of Aeronautical Information

Publication, Flight Operations Requirement and Nepalese Civil

Airworthiness Requirements.

1.4.2 COMMERCIAL PILOT LICENSE - AEROPLANE


Applicants must not be less than 18 years of age and must hold a current

Class I Medical Assessment.

1.4.2.2 Technical Knowledge, Experience and Practical Flying

Applicants must have completed a course of approved training in a

Contracting State and must hold a Commercial Pilot License endorsed

with multi-engine and instrument rating, issued by that State. In addition

applicants must have completed not less than 200 hours flight time

including :a) not less than 100 hours as pilot-in-command;

b) not less than 20 hours of cross country flight time as pilot-in-

command and sole manipulator of the controls, including one

flight of not less than 300 nautical miles in the course of which

not less than two full stop landings at different places are made;

c) not less than 10 hours of flight solely by reference to

instruments, of which not more than 5 hours may be completed

in an instrument ground time; and


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d) if the privileges of the license are to be exercised at night, not

less than 5 hours flying by night, including not less that 5 take

offs and 5 landings by night as pilot-in-command.

1.4.2.3 An applicant, to act as a pilot in single engined Aeroplane for operation

of carrying passenger shall also hold a CPL from a Contracting State

with the category and classification of single engine land in addition

with the requirement mentioned in 1.4.2.2.

1.4.2.4 The holder of commercial pilot license-helicopter, who applies for an

airplane category must have to fulfil all the requirement of 1.4.2.1 and

1.4.2.2 of commercial pilot license-airplane of this chapter. Except in

this case, not more than 50 hours of flying in helicopter may be granted

while crediting towards the total time of 200 hours requirement.

1.4.2.5 For conversion to Nepalese license, an applicant shall successfully

complete a written examination on Basic CPL.

1.4.2.6 Applicants are required to successfully complete an examination asspecified by the Director General of his knowledge of the contents of

Nepalese civil aviation rules and regulations including the relevant

portions of Aeronautical Information Publication, Flight Operations

Requirements and Nepalese Civil Aviation Airworthiness Requirements.

1.4.3 AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT LICENSE (ATPL) - AEROPLANE


Applicants must be not less than 21 years of age and must hold a

current Class I Medical Assessment.

1.4.3.2 Technical Knowledge, Experience and Practical Flying Skill

1.4.3.2.1 Applicants must hold a current Commercial Pilot Licence endorse with

multi engine aeroplane.

1.4.3.2.2 Applicants must have completed not less than 1500 hours of flight

time as a pilot, of which not less than 500 hrs. shall be as pilot of

aeroplane operated by at least two pilots, including not less than

a) 250 hours, either as pilot-in-command, or made up by not less

than 100 hours as pilot-in-command and the necessary

additional flight time as co-pilot performing, under the

supervision of the pilot-in-command, the duties and functions ofa pilot-in-command, provided that the method of supervision

employed is acceptable to the Licensing Authority.

b) 200 hours of cross country flight time, of which not less than100 hours shall be as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot

performing, under the supervision of the pilot-in-command, the

duties and functions of a pilot-in-command, provided that the

method of supervision employed is acceptable to the Licensing

Authority.


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c) 75 hours of instrument time, of which not more than 30 hoursmay be instrument ground time; and

d) 100 hours of night flight as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot.1.4.3.2.3 Applicants must have successfully completed appropriate tests of their

technical knowledge and the practical flying skill with a degree ofcompetency appropriate to the privileges granted for Airline Transport

Pilot Licence.

1.4.3.2.4 An applicant determining flight time as required by para (d) who has

made at least 20 night take-offs and landings to full stop may substitute

one additional night take-off and landing to a full stop for each hour of

night flight time required by para (d) of this section. However, not

more than 25 hours of night flight time may be credited in this manner.

1.4.3.2.5 Total Flying Time of 1500 hours mentioned in 1.4.3.2.2 should be

earned according to 1.6 CREDITING OF FLIGHT TIME.

1.4.3.2.6 An applicant shall successfully complete a written examination onATPL.

1.4.3.2.7 If a pilot is converting his license into Nepalese license for the first

time, he is required to successfully complete a written examination as

specified by the Director General of their knowledge of the contents of

the Nepalese Civil Aviation Rules and Regulations including relevant

portions of Aeronautical Information publications, Flight Operations

Requirement and Nepalese Civil Airworthiness Requirements.

1.4.7 FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENSE


Applicants must be not less than 21 years of age and must hold a current

Class 1 Medical Assessment.

1.4.7.2 Educational Qualification

Applicants must have passed Intermediate of Science or its Equivalent

acceptable to Director General.

1.4.7.3 Technical Knowledge, Experience and Practical Flying Tests

Applicant must have:

a) Aeroplane Maintenance Technician (AMT) License, in theCategories 'A' & 'C' on type of for which the Flight Engineer is

required, issued or validated by CAAN,

or


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A Commercial Pilot License in aeroplane having completed not

less than 1000 hours of flight.

or

Degree in Aeronautical Engineering (only recognized by the Civil

Aviation Department of the issuing country without any limitations

or conditions).

b) successfully completed an approved Flight Engineers GroundCourse or hold current Flight Engineer's License issued by a

Contracting State.

c) passed Basic Flight Engineers Examination conducted by CAAN.d) completed, under the supervision of an Instructor Flight Engineer,

not less than 100 hrs of flight time in the performance of the duties

of Flight Engineer.

The maximum of 50 hrs on approved flight simulator is acceptable

as part of the total flight time of 100 hrs.

Operational experience in the performance of the duties of a Flight

Engineer, under the supervision of an Instructor Flight Engineer, in

at least the following areas:

i. normal procedure- pre-flight inspections

- fueling procedures, fuel management

- inspection of maintenance documents- normal flight deck procedures during all phases of

flight

- crew co-ordination and procedures in case of crew

incapacitation

- defect reporting

ii. abnormal and alternate- recognition of abnormal functioning of Aeroplane

systems

- use of abnormal and alternate (standby) procedure

iii. emergency procedure- recognition of emergency conditions

- use of appropriate emergency procedures


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1.4.8 FREE BALLOON PILOT LICENCE

1.4.8.1 Age and medical qualification

Applicants must be not less than 17 years of age and must hold a current

Class II Medical Assessment.

1.4.8.2 Technical knowledge, experience and Practical Flying

Applicant must have successfully completed appropriate tests of their

knowledge and skill, in a contracting state and hold Free Balloon Pilot

License issued by that state. In addition, applicants must have completed

not less than 16 hours of flight time as a pilot of free balloon including at

least 8 launches and ascents of which one must be solo.

1.4.8.3 For the conversion of his license into Nepalese license, he is required to

successfully complete a written examination as specified by the Director

General of his knowledge of the contents of Nepalese aviation rules andregulations including relevant portion of Aeronautical Information

Publication, Flight Operations Requirements and Nepalese Civil

Airworthiness Requirements.

1.4.9 GLIDER PILOT LICENCE



current Class II Medical Assessment.



knowledge and skill, in a contracting state and hold Glider Pilot

License issued by that state. In addition, applicants must have

completed not less than 16 hours of flight time as a pilot of Glider

including at least 8 launches and ascents of which one must be solo.


successfully complete a written examination as specified by the

Director General of his knowledge of the contents of Nepalese aviationrules and regulations including relevant portion of Aeronautical

Information Publication, Flight Operations Requirements and Nepalese

Civil Airworthiness Requirements.


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1.4.10 ULTRA-LIGHT PILOT LICENSE



current Class II Medical Assessment.



knowledge and skill, in a contracting state and hold Ultra-light Pilot

License issued by that state. In addition, applicants must have

completed

not less than 15 hours of solo flight time as a pilot of ultra-light.

not less than 5 hours of cross-country flight time as the solo occupant

of ultra-light.


successfully complete a written examination as specified by the

Director General of his knowledge of the contents of Nepalese aviation

rules and regulations including relevant portion of Aeronautical

Information Publication, Flight Operations Requirements and Nepalese

Civil Airworthiness Requirements.

1.4.11 FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER (FLIGHT DISPATCHER) LICENSE

1.4.11.1 AGE

An applicant must not be less than 21 years of age.

1.4.11.2 ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION

An applicant must have an academic qualification of proficiency

certificate level or equivalent in any discipline.

1.4.11.3 Technical Knowledge

a) An applicant who has satisfactorily completed a course of

approved Flight Operations Officer (Flight Dispatcher) training

in a contracting state or hold a Flight Operations Officer

(Aeroplane Dispatcher ) license issued by the contracting state.

Or

An applicant who holds a Commercial Pilot License and obtain a

15 days of On the Job Training (OJT) on Flight Dispatching.


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Or

A person who has completed an approved Air Traffic Controller

Course from a contracting state with at least 2 years of

professional experience and obtain a 30 days of On the Job

Training (OJT) on Flight Dispatching.

Or

A person who holds a Flight engineer license from a contracting

state and obtain a 45 days of On the Job Training (OJT) on

Flight Dispatching.

b) An applicant for license shall successfully complete written

examination as specified by Director General on the subject

matter covering the approved syllabus for Aeroplane dispatcher.

c) Applicants will also be required to successfully complete awritten or oral examination as specified by the Director General

of their knowledge of the contents of the Nepalese Aeronautical

Information Publication, Flight Operations Requirements and

relevant Nepalese Civil Airworthiness Requirements etc.

1.5 RATINGS ENDORSEMENT

For the initial endorsement of a Rating, revalidation of expired Ratings and the re-

issuance of License and/or Ratings, a CAAN observer pilot should be present during

the briefing session and on-board during in-flight phases of the training/ check ride or

check ride if conducted by an Instructor Pilot; however, an observer from CAAN is not

required if the check ride is being conducted by a Designated Check Pilot.

An instructor pilot shall not conduct the check-ride to the pilot to whom he has given

the fight training or as approved by Director General on case to case basis.

1.5.1 AEROPLANE TYPE RATING - PILOT

1.5.1.1 An Aeroplane type rating will be included in a pilot license when it is

first issued and will authorize the holder to act as pilot-in-command orco-pilot of the Aeroplane type, or group, on which the holder

successfully demonstrates his competence in accordance with the

requirement of qualifying the issue of a license.

1.5.1.2 Ratings for other Aeroplane types may be included subsequently if the

license holder submits a current license issued by a Contracting State

applicable to the category and class of an Aeroplane, and,


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a) successful completion of the Ground Class and Flight Test as perthe CAAN approved type course satisfies for the endorsement of

Type Rating: or

b) successfully completes an examination of his technical/ performance knowledge of the particular Aeroplane type and

undergoes a flight training and test satisfies for the endorsementof type Rating.

1.5.2 AEROPLANE TYPE RATING FLIGHT ENGINEER

An Aeroplane type rating will be included in a Flight Engineer License, if

he/she has :

a) successfully completed an approved particular Aeroplane type course

b) passed a written examination of his technical knowledge of the

Aeroplane type conducted by CAAN.

c) a practical flight test in that type of Aeroplane for which rating is sought.

1.5.3 INSTRUMENT RATING

1.5.3.1 An Instrument Rating will be included in a pilot license, if the holder:

a) produces a pilot license, issued by a Contracting State, which

contains an Instrument Rating applicable to the category and class;

b) passes a practical instrument competency check.(during initial

endorsement, competency check of precision approach in approvedinstrument procedure trainer conducted within a year may satisfy

the requirement )

c) such instrument competency check may be conducted in part or all

of the check in instrument (flight) procedure trainer equipped for

instrument flying or an Aeroplane simulator which is/are approved

by the Director General.

1.5.3.2 A current Airline Transport Pilot License will entitle the holder to act

as pilot-in-command or co-pilot in an Aeroplane for which he holds an

Aeroplane rating, when flying in compliance with Instrument Flight

Rules.

1.5.4 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR RATINGS

a) A Flight Instructor Rating will be issued to an applicant who shall :

i) have completed not less than 1000 hours of flight time as a pilot-in-

command on the category and class of Aeroplane involved and not

less than 100 hours as pilot in command on type of Aeroplane.


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ii) have satisfactorily completed an approved training course of flight

instruction and ground training techniques, which includes:

a) techniques of applied instruction;b) assessment of student performance in those subjects in which

ground instruction is given;

c) the learning process;d) elements of effective teaching;e) student evaluation and testing, training philosophies;f) training programme development;g) lesson planning;h) classroom instructional techniques;i) use of training aids;

j) analysis and correction of student errors;k) human performance relevant to flight instruction;and/or produces a current pilot license containing a Flight Instructor

Rating issued by a Contracting State,

iii) has satisfactorily completed an oral examination as specified.iv) has undergone by not less than 3 hours of flight training applicable

for the flight instructor; and

v) has satisfactorily completed flight check showing his ability to fly asan instructor with an instructor pilot or a pilot designated by Director

General.

b) A Flight Instructor Rating included in a pilot license will have the same

period of validity as the license and will be revalidated upon renewal of

the license.

1.5.5 FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR RATING -FLIGHT ENGINEER (F/E)

a) A Flight Instructor Rating included in a Flight Engineer License will

entitle the holder to give flight instruction in the type or types of

Aeroplane for which he holds a current rating.

b) A Flight Engineer Instructor Rating will be issued to an applicant who

produces a current F/E license including Instructor Rating issued by a

Contracting State or who shall have :

i) completed not less than 1000 hours of flight time as a Flight

Engineer on the type of Aeroplane involved;ii) have satisfactorily completed an approved training course of

flight instruction and ground training techniques and

iii) has satisfactorily completed a flight check showing his ability to

act as an instructor with an Instructor (F/E) or Flight Engineer,

designated by Director General.

c) A Flight Instructor Rating in a F/E license will have the same period of

validity as the license and will be revalidated upon renewal of the

license.


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1.6 CREDITING OF FLIGHT TIME

a) A student pilot or the holder of a pilot license shall be entitled to be credited in fullwith all solo, dual instruction and pilot-in-command flight time towards the totalflight time required for the initial issue of a pilot license or the issue of a higher

grade of pilot license.

b) The holder of a pilot license, when acting as co-pilot of an Aeroplane required to beoperated with a co-pilot, shall be entitled to be credited with not more than 50

percent of the co-pilot flight time towards the total flight time required for a higher

grade of pilot license.

c) The holder of a pilot license when acting as co-pilot on commercial air transportoperations in Aeroplane required to be operated with a co-pilot is entitled to be

credited with the total flight time experience during which that co-pilot isperforming the duties and functions of a pilot-in-command under the supervision of

instructor-pilot, provided that during every such flight that co-pilot :-

1. is responsible for checking the accuracy of the proposed flight plan and the

load sheet for the flight including the computation of fuel; and

2. ensures that all checks are carried out in accordance with the check system

established by the operator to be followed by the crew members of the

Aeroplane -

i) before take-off, andii) take-off; andiii) in flight; andiv) landing; andv) in any emergency.

so as to ensure that the procedures contained in the operations manual or

other relevant documents have been complied with by each crew member;

and

3. Carries out all the duties and functions of a pilot-in-command so far as is

practical from the co-pilot flight station; and

4. In the case of operations conducted by automatic means, takes all decisionsrelating to the use of the flight and ground systems involved; and

5. ensures that all problems occasioned by meteorological conditions,communications and air traffic control procedures have been resolved and

provided also that for every such flight the instructor-pilot designated to

supervise that co-pilot has certified an appropriate entry in that copilots


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logbook or a permanent record of flight has been made by the operator.

d. Pilot-In-Command time

A pilot may log only such flight time as pilot-in-command during which he is

the sole manipulator of control of an Aeroplane for which he is rated or when he

acts as pilot-in-command of an Aeroplane on which more than one pilot isrequired under the type certification of the Aeroplane or the regulation under

which the flight is conducted.

e. Co-pilot

A pilot may log as co-pilot time of all flight time during which he acts as co-

pilot of an airplane on which more than one pilot is required under the type

certification of an Aeroplane or the regulations under which the flight is

conducted.

f. Instrument Flight Time

A pilot may log only such flight time as an instrument flight time during which

he operates the Aeroplane solely by reference to instrument under actual or

simulated flight conditions. Each entry must include the type of instrument

approach completed and the name of the safety pilot for each simulated

instrument flight.

g. Flight Instruction Time

An instructor pilot may log as time of flight instruction of all the flight time

during which renders his service as an Instructor Pilot for fulfilling the

requirements of CAAN regulations and/or operator's requirements.

An Instrument Instructor Pilot may log as instrument time during which he acts

as an Instrument Instructor Pilot in actual weather condition.


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h. Pilot Log Book

The aeronautical experience and training used to meet the requirements for

issuance of licenses and ratings and other recent flight experience requirements

must be shown by a reliable record.

Each Pilot shall enter the following information for each flight or lesson logged:

1) date,2) total time of flight,3) place or points of departure and arrival,4) type and identification of an Aeroplane,5) solo, pilot-in-command and second-in-command,6) flight instruction received from an instructor pilot,7) instrument flight instruction received from an Instructor Pilot,8) other pilot time,9) day or night,10) actual instrument flight time,11) simulated flight time.

1.7 LICENSE RENEWAL

The renewal application should reach at concerned CAAN office at least 15 days

before the expiry of the license with necessary fees. CAAN will issue a note to the

holder against the deposit of the license which will act equivalent to the license until

the holder is in receipt of his revalidated license. The renewal requirements fordifferent types of license is as follows:

1.7.1 PRIVATE PILOT LICENSE (Aeroplane)

An applicant for the renewal of a Private Pilot License must produce the license

to be renewed, a current Class II Medical Assessment, and evidence that he has,

in the period of 6 months immediately preceding the application, flown not less

than 5 hours solo flight time, or that he has successfully completed a flight test

of his proficiency in an Aeroplane.

1.7.2 COMMERCIAL PILOT LICENSE (Aeroplane)An applicant for the renewal of a Commercial Pilot License-Airplane must

produce the license to be renewed with a Flight Crew Renewal Application

Form duly filled and following documents :

a) current Class I medical assessmentb) pilot proficiency check reportc) a route check as applicable.d) Recurrent ground training as appropriatee) pilot log book


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1.7.3 AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT LICENSE (Aeroplane)

An applicant for the renewal of a Airline Transport Pilot License must produce

the license to be renewed with a license renewal form duly filled and following

documents :

a) current Class I medical assessmentb) pilot proficiency check reportc) a route check as applicable.d) Recurrent ground training as appropriatee) pilot log book

1.7.4 FLIGHT ENGINEER LICENSE

An applicant for the renewal of a Flight Engineer License must produce the

license to be renewed with a license renewal form duly filled and following

documents :

a) a current Class I medical assessmentb) a pilot proficiency check which shows his ability to carry out the functions

of a flight engineer in an Aeroplane of the type for which he holds and

Aeroplane rating, or in a flight simulator approved for the purpose by the

Director General,

Note : This requirement may be deemed to be satisfied if he has within the preceding 12 months carried out two such checks, provided that the

interval between the checks is not less than 4 months.

c) recurrent ground training as appropriate,d) crew log book,

1.7.5 BALLOON PILOT LICENSE

An applicant for the renewal of a Free Balloon Pilot License must produce the

license to be renewed with a Flight Crew Renewal Application Form duly filled

and following documents:

a) Current Class II medical assessment

b) A Pilot Proficiency Check

c) Pilot log book

1.7.6 GLIDER PILOT LICENSE

An applicant for the renewal of a Glider Pilot License must produce the license

to be renewed with a Flight Crew Renewal Application Form dully filled and

following documents:

a) Current Class II medical assessment

b) A Pilot Proficiency Check

c) Pilot log book


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1.7.7 ULTRA-LIGHT PILOT LICENSE

An applicant for the renewal of a Ultra-light Pilot License must produce

the license to be renewed with a Flight Crew Renewal Application Form

dully filled and following documents:

a) Current Class II medical assessmentb) A Pilot Proficiency Check

c) Pilot log book

1.7.8 FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER/AEROPLANE DISPATCHER

LICENSE

a) An applicant for renewal of a Flight Operations Officer License must

produce the license, along with a certificate from his employee to the effect

that he is successfully working as a Flight Operations Officer or Aeroplane

Dispatcher.

b) Evidence that he has within the immediate preceding 12 months made at least

one one-way flight on the flight deck of an Aeroplane over an area in which

he is authorized to exercise his duties.

1.8 RECENT EXPERIENCE

The holder of a license issued under these requirements shall not exercise the

privileges of his license by acting as a pilot, a flight engineer or flight operations

officer unless he has satisfied the requirements for recent experience as

specified.

1.8.1 Recent Experience for Private Pilot

The holder of Private Pilot License shall not exercise the privilege of the

holder's license unless that person, within the immediate preceding 6

months, has flown not less than 5 hours of flight time as a private pilot

in an

Documents

CAAN for Aeroplane