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8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
1/40
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
r. Br. L`v`it U@QL@H@W
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
2/40
_rdbrfh, a`llm amr kdhut v` sz emzmhm yfpsi uybui dlfrfk,sfe`j` a`lmrtml`i ml`hl`rmi y`rmi` b`tmrmlh`smim a`lmrt i kdhutemzmsmemr
_rdbrfhef a`lmrtml`iml`hemzmsmedruefi ml`h`kdihfz.
Amlbmsfyfr, v`rml i prdbrfh, hfkmi` emlmie` ml`h` flhfkzdruiefer.
_rdbrfhj prdbrfhlfhf emlm amlmydr, amlbmsfyfr ms` hfkmi` emlmamlmydr._rdbrfhjii,amlbmsfyfrf, i` e`h`kmst`emmimkmh t`rjh``e`j`k (amlbmsfyfr ml` prdbrfhj frfsiefkm ml tmmhm ifslsflfifjfk)4
Au t`rjh`ym, e`rl`ymjm (jdhpml`r)v`yf ydruhlfyj(mit`rpr`t`r)dlhfk z`r` mkmy` fyrlfi `vmrm prdbrfhlfr yfpfr. Au sfy`e`prdbrfhlfhf emll`rm ml`yfzlh,kdhutlfr emzmsmie`idlufikfyifkprdbrfh, hfkmi` emlmi` e`rl`imr (jdhpml`) v`/v`yf ydruhlfir(mit`rpr`t).
ri`mi, hfkmi` emlmie` mkm sfyii tdplfihfs,6???66??666?6???6666?6?6?????6??6?6?66?6????6? ammhmie`mnfe` `emlmr.
1
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh M
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
3/40
Ksf k`ifr (f)Pzui k`ifr (a)Ksf k`ifr ml` uzui k`ifriamlmih`smy`t`rlmemr.
Amr amlbmsfyfrprdbrfhkshefi dluur7
6.Amlbmbmrmm1.l`hl`r
:.Amlbmk
_rdbrfhi edru sdiu r`tmp r`th`emmimi t`st `eml`amlh`smmmi, prdbrfhktsiefi`ymi `le``eml`j`mimiamlmih`sm b`r`klmemr.k ml`hmie` k m`rmm(`le` `eml`i v`yf `eml`j`k dlfiamlbm)v`ndrhft(`le` `eml`i v`yf `eml`j`k amlbmimibst`rmlm `klm)i`hlmemr.
:
Bmrem(miput)
l`hl`r(prdj`ssmib)
kt(dutput)
_rdal`h7 Amr emkertb`imiflfiii c`sfplfihfs
Flfi 8 f*al`h v` c`sfplfhflfr, ksfv` uzui k`ifrlfri frphemkertb`imi flfiiv`rmr.
]fz Flfi 8, Flfi@krfief bri`j`k mnfe` v`
e``rl`r ml` auilfribs`rmlmammhmplfilfir.
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh MM
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
4/40
_rdbrfh ndiksmydilfrii a`lmrl`ih`sm, uybui brl`iprdbrfhlfhf emlm ml`kdelfihfs, prdbrfhit`st `emlh`sm,(yfzhsflv`/v`yfhfitksfl) cftflfribme`rmlh`sm,kullfihklfvuzuiui cfzrlfihfs v` a`iz`rmml`hl`r.
_rdal`hmiA`lmrl`ih`sm
_rdal`hmiFiflmzm
zhFlbdrmthfs
_rdb. B`lmtmrh`Ffhflfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfh
_dzmtmn F v` A tfhsfylfrii sfylfriifrplhfs
J 8 F xA v`yf F kfefr A tdplf
6.Feh7 Aflf
1.Feh7 Fybmr.:.Feh7 Aym bmr.5.Feh7 F frp Aym Jy` ftf.0.Feh7 Jym yfz.>.Feh7 Amtmr.
Aflf
F, A
J8FxA
J
Amtmr
sjfin(%e, %e,&f,a);j 8 f * a;prmitn(j 8 %e,j);
5
6.H`tmis`l
1.Zze` Kdelfr(_s`ued-Jde`s)
:.Fk `hflfr(Nldw Jcfrt)
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
5/40
0
Amr prdal`hmi zhi` yi`lmk cfzrlfifjfk dlfi prdbrfhfmlmkmi sdilu sfyef v` filflr feh yfef ml`hmi fre freiftfihlfihfs v` ayl`j` mzl i`j`k ydlui v`yf yit`hmi drtfyfkdiulhfsmmicfzrlfifiplfif flbdrmthfe`imr.
Flbdrmthf srfl dlhfler. Amr aflfib idktfsiefi aflfyfrfk,sdilu sfyef, a`lmrsmzlmk m`rh`y`i fehefi sdirfsdif `r`amlh`lmemr.
Flbdrmthf prdal`hl` mlbmlm dlfrfk drtfyf kfaml`j`k c`r trleuruhu m`rh`lmemr.
Flbdrmthf fyitr prdal`hl`r mmie` b``rlmdlhfler.Flbdrmthfszj fei@au Faeullfc Hucfhh`e
ai Husf @l Cfr zhm feiefkm Hslhfi Urkflmhmie`i flhtr. Fe Lftmij`y` Flkcdrmzhf,Nrfiszjfyf Flbdrmtch`, ibmlmzj`y` ms` Fubrmh`klmie` b`hmtmr.
Flmhmi mshmim t`lfnnuz `e`h`y`iFvrupfllfrflbdrmzhszjisfylfr kullfifrfk frmth`tmk prdal`hl`r zh` kurfllfrfilfhief kullfirlfr. Au szjk efcf sdirf flbdrmthfyf eirv`yfybidlfrfkkullfilr. Lftmij` `vmrmsmimi Fvrupfef dk aykmlbm bre, Cmsfa `l-j`amr v` `l-hukfaflf kmtfa eiyfii mlkj`amrkmtfav`fyizfhfief mlk flbdrmthf kdl`ksmydiuiudluturur.Flmhmi 23? (C.6>5)s`i`smie` Cfz`rhe`edeuukfaul `emlmr. 30?
(C.1:>)s`i`smie` ms`Afefttfv`nft`thmtmr.
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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Zmhb` l`v Zmhb` l`v
Aflf/Amtmr Eib
B`i`lBmrem/kt
Hfiy`tmkEmsk
B`i`ll`h ]drefhfrhf
E`i`tmh(Kfrfr)
Fk]i
]fzj kts Aflf
Brit kts ZfynfAflfj
@l` ml` Bmrem(Klfvy`)
>
Amr prdal`hmi zhi` yi`lmkcfzrlfifjfkflbdrmthfii,brs`lsmhb` v`/v`yf s`hadll`rl` mnfe``emlhm `klmi` fk `hfse`imr.
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs M
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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2
ri`k7 Bmrml i vmz` (drtflfhfyf `tkmsm %5?) v` nmifl idtu(drtflfhfyf `tkmsm %>?) br`, e`rs drtflfhfs c`sfplfyfiamlbmsfyfr prdbrfh mmi flbdrmthf v`fk emyfbrfh.
Flbdrmthf
6.Feh7Aflf1.Feh7 ^mz` idtuiu bmr:. Feh7 Nmifl idtuiu bmr5. Feh7 Drtflfhfy c`sfplf
(drtflfhf8vmz`*.5?+nmifl*.>?)0.Feh7Drtflfhfyyfz>.Feh7 Amtmr
Aflf
^mz`
Drtflfhf
Nmifl
Drtflfhf
Amtmr
Fk Emyfbrfh
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs MM
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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3
ri`k7Qfstb`l` bmrml`i F v` Asfylfriefikkdlfiij` yfzfiamr prdbrfh mmi flbdrmthf v`fk emyfbrfh.
F.Feh7Fyv` Aym yfz.2.Feh7 Amtmr.
Aflf
F
b`mjm8F
A
A
Fk Emyfbrfh
F8A
A8b`mjm
F
Amtmr
@
C
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs MMM
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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=
ri`k7 6e`i 6?f kfefr dlfi tfh sfylfri tdplfhi aulfiamlbmsfyfrprdbrfhmmi flbdrmthf v`fk emyfbrfh.
x
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
10/40
6?
cttp7//www.alddesc`e.i`t/e`vjpp.cthl
Uhl`mk b`lmtmrh` drtfh (ME@7Mit`brft`eE`v`ldph`it @ivmrdih`it), amlbmsfyfrprdbrfhjlfrii czl v` rfcft amr `kmle`yfzlh b lmtmr`amlh`smim fhflfyfi,b`lmtmrh`sr`jmim drbfimz` `e`aml`i amrdkfrf ml` amrlmkt` b`lmtmrh` sr`jmimi v`rmhlmkullfilhfsif kftkef auluifi frflfritfhfhi m`rmsmie` afrierfi amr yfzlhtrer.
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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66
FU&U A`lllfadrftufrlfrief,K`i Ucdhpsdi v` E`iims H. Qmtjcm`tfrfniefi PIMS l`tmh Zmst`hmim b`lmtmr`amlh`k fhfjylfA emlmie`itr`tmlhm yfpsflamr prdbrfhlfhf emlmemr.
Bihze` i`r e`ys` th ml`tmh smst`hl`rmimi (Hmjrdsdnt
Rmiedws, BIP/Lmiux, *AZE, Hmimx) yfphief %=0l r` vfrfidrfief kullfilh, cfl`i smst`h, srj yfzlh, ml`tmh smst`hmhdell`rm v` cz b`r`k`i c`r y`re` kullfilfi dleukf yfybi amremlemr.
J
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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61
/* v` */ frfsief kflfi mnfe`e`rl`ymjm (jdhpml`r) tfrfniefiemkkft` flihfz. Au amlemrmh,mnfe`imi fklfhf dleuu filfhifb`lh`kt`emr. Kfyifk prdbrfh mmie`c`rcfibm amridktfsiefy`r flfamlmr.
Kfyifk prdbrfhef mctmyf euyulfiaflk (c`fe`r) edsyflfrii,iml`hjmy (pr`prdj`ss`r)amlemrmhm
Kfyifk prdbrfhef mctmyf euyulfibldafl e`mk`il`rmi amlemrmhm(e`jlfrftmdi). Au amlemrmhl r fifndik. Efcml, em`r ndik. mie` e`hhkier.
_rdbrfh bve`sm, au ksh mctmyfeuyulfi y`r`l e`mk`il`rmitfihlfri v` ml`i`j`k kdhutsftrlfrim`rmr. _rdbrfh bve`smimik`iemsm e` amr ndiksmydieur. C`rkfyifk prdbrfh , fif (hfmi)ndiksmydiuiu m`rh`k zdruiefer.Kfyifk prdbrfhi aflftlhfs v`sdilfierlhfs au ndiksmydi
frfjlml`b`r`kl`tmrmlmr.Kdhut sftr, ; ml` sdilfierlfic r amr mnfe` amr kdhut sftridluturur.
{ v` } frfsief kflfi kdhutsftrbruau ms` kdhut aldudlfrfkmnfe` `emlmr. ri`k prdbrfhefkm kdealdu fif (hfmi) ndiksmydiuif fmt
kdealdueur.)
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps M
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
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E`mk`i , a`lmrl`ihm amr e``rm sfklfhfk mmi a`ll`kt` fyrlfiflfilfris`hadlmk dlfrfk msmhl`iemrmlh`smemr.
Ayl` amr ydls`mlh`hm dlsfye,a`ll`kt`sfklfihc`r amre``rmmi, ?x????nnnn bmam, a`ll`k fer`sl`rmim amlh`k b`r`k`j`ktm.
E`mk`i
Afsmt E`mk`i Emzmi E`mk`i
Amr kfyifk prdbrfh mmie` amre`i nfzlf e`mk`i kullfilfamlmr.Edlfys ml c`r amr e`mk`imi amr amrmie`i fyrt `eml`amlh`l`rmb`r`kmr v` au i`e`il` a`iz`rsmz amr tfitjyf (me`itmnm`r) mctmyfeuyfr.
Kullfilfjfk dlfi amr e`mk`i mmi b``rlm amr a lmrl ymjm, mlkkfrfkt`rm efmhf cfrn dlhfk (T dlfamlmr fijfk cfrnl` aflfhfst`rjmc `emlmr) kfye ml` cfrnl`re`i, rfkfhlfrefi v`/v`yf Tdluturulfamlmr. (wcmt` spfj`), idktflfhf mfr`tl`rm v`/v`yfs`hadll`r amr a`lmrl`ymjmimipfrfsdlfhfzlfr.
65
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i M
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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Emkkft `emlh`sm b`r`k`iem`ramr kdiu ms` a`lmrl`ymjmimi, J emlmi`v`/v`yf kullfilfi e`rl`ymjmy` cfs fyrlh fifctfr k`lmh`l`r(r`s`rv`e k`ywdres), stfiefrt ktpcfi`e` y`r flfi v`yfprdbrfhjiik`iem yfzendiksmyditfitjs (me`itmnm`r) ml` fyi
dlfhfyfjfer.
J emlmi` cfs fifctfr k`lmh`l`r` (r`s`rv`e k`ywdres) afzri`kl`r7
Futd, ar`fk, jfs`, r`turi, ndr, nldft,ri`k dlfrfk v`rml`i fifctfr k`lmh`l`r k`smilmkl` e`mk`imi
a`lmrl`ymjmsm dlfrfkkullfilfhfz.
Amre`mk`ia`lmrl`rk`i, emkkft `emlh`sm b`r`kem`ramr kdiuef, Jemlmimi ayk cfrn, kk cfrn` euyfrl dlhfser.ri`mi, tdplfh,Udplfhv`UD_LFHa`lmrl`ymjml`rmnfrkl e`mk`imt`hsml `e`r v`nfrkl v`rm tmpl`rmie` dlfamlmrl`r, fyi v`rm tmpmie` nfrkl e``rl`r
tfyfamlmrl`r.tdplfh86;Udplfh86.00;UD_LFH8Ufh Zfy;
60
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i MM
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
62
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm M
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
E`mk`i
Afsmt E`mk`i Emzmi E`mk`i
Kfyifk prdbrfhef kullfilfjfk dlfi e`mk`il`re`i e`rl`ymjmimicfa`refr dlhfs b`r`kmr. Kullfilhfefi ij`, kullfilfjfk dlfie`mk`il`rmiz`llmkl`rmcfkkiefe`rl`ymjmy` amlbm v`rmlh`smml`hmi`amlemrmh (e`jlfrftmdi)e`imr.
B`i`l Amlemrmh Ammhm7
^`rmTUmpm E`mk`iTFeT6,E`mk`iTFeT1,;
^`rm tmpm a`lmrl`ymjmsm (sp`jmnm`r)
Kullfilfi e`mk`il`rm amr amrmie` fyrt
`emlh`smimsflfyfi tfitj(me`itmnm`r)
mit x, S; /*Ufhsfytmpmie` amlemrmhmyfplhx, Se`mk`il`rm*/nldftt, xT6;/*Kfyfridktfl sfytmpmie` amlemrmhmyfplht, xT6e`mk`il`rm*/
Kdhutsftr sdilfierjsDp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
63
E`mk`i
Afsmt E`mk`i Emzmi E`mk`i
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm MM
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Kfyifk prdbrfhef kullfilfjfk dlfi e`mk`il`rmi amlemrmhm(e`jlfrftmdi) yfple. _`km au e`mk`il`rmi kfpsfhf flfi (sjdp`)i`r`smemr4 Cfibm e`mk`i i`r`e` kullfilfamlmr v`yf i`r`e``tkmiemr4
Amlemrmhm (e`jlfrftmdi) yfplfi amr e`mk`i, amlemrmhmi yfple
y`re`b``rlmemr4
Afsmt E`mk`i
]`r`l (Ldjfl)
Kr`s`l (Bldafl)
Emzmi E`mk`i
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
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Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
6=
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm MMM
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
4 I`e`i nfrkl e``rl`r v`rmydr
4 I`e`i nfrkl e``r
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
20/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
1?
E`mk`i
Afsmt E`mk`i Emzmi E`mk`i
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm M^
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Kfyifk prdbrfhef kullfilfjfk dlfi e`mk`il`r amr yffhsr`smi` e` sfcmptmrl r. Amlemrmh (e`jlfrftmdi) `sifsiefa`lmrtmlh`emmsr`j`, e`mk`imikfpsfhfflfiii mjrfs amttmmie`dtdhftmk dlfrfk yffhsr`sm sdif `r`r.
Au amlemrmh futd a`lmrl`ymjmsm (sp`jmnm r) ml mnfe` `emlmr. ]`r`l
e`mk`il`r dtdhftmk dlfrfk futdeur. ]`r`l e`mk`imi kfpsfhfflfiii mjrfs sdif `remmie`, y`r`l e`mk`imi yffh sr`sm e`sdif `r`r. Au euruh, mctmyf euyulhfs cflmie`, stftmj a`lmrl`ymjmsmml` c`e`nprdbrfhi flhfsr`smij`sfklfir.
Afsmt E`mk`i
Ztftmk (Ztftmj)
Emifhmk (Eyifhmj)
Emzmi E`mk`i
stftmjmit x, S; /*Ztftmk, tfhsfytmpmie` amlemrmhmyfplhx, Se`mk`il`rm*/
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
l l
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
21/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
16
E`mk`i
Afsmt E`mk`i Emzmi E`mk`i
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm ^
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Amr e`mk`i mmi b``rlm amr amlemrmh yfpleief, ``r e`mk`iy`r l ms` rfstb`l` amr e``r ftfir. Au euruh, kr`s`l v` emzmie`mk`il`rmmi b``rlme`mlemr.E`mk`iamlemrmhm`sifsief, ``rb`r`kmydrsf, mlke``r ftfhfs(mimtmflmzftmdi) yfplfrfkauiui ii`b`ml`amlmr.
mitx86, S; /*Ufhsfy tmpmie` amlemrmhmyfplhv` mlke``rm6 dlfrfkftihx v` Se`mk`il`rm*/
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Aml m _ l
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
22/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
11
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm ^M
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
5. kdhutsftriefamlemrml`i kr`s`l tfhsfy e`mk`il`rmi`krfi
kts mlk e``r ftfhfs yfplhfhfsif rfh`i ? snr dlfrfka`lmrl`ihmtmr. 2. kdhut sftrief amlemrml`i ksf tfh sfy y`r`le`mk`il`re`i x mlk e``rm 6 amr dlfrfk a`lmrl`ihmk`i, Se`mk`imi e``rmrfstb`l` amre``rdlfrfkftfihtr.
Kr`s`l (bldafl) tfhsfy e`mk`il`r
Fif (hfmi) ndiksmydiu y`r l (ldjfl) ksf tfh sfye`mk`il`rm,x` 6 mlke``rm ftfih
Fif(hfmi)ndiksmydiu y`r`l (ldjfl) ksft`keuyfrlkl
sfy e`mk`im,mlke``rm?.6 dlfrfkftfih.Fif(hfmi)ndiksmydiu y`r`l (ldjfl)mnteuyfrlkl sfye`mk`im
4
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Aml m _ l
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
23/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
1:
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r M
Aflk Edsyflfr
Zfamt Fklfhf
622>
Ufh Zfy2?2-12:
?S61 v`yf ?x61 6> Ufafi (? v` x v`yf St`isdirf)
?66: 3 Ufafi (?efi sdirf)
2?2 Ufh v`yfksf tfh sfy (^frsfylfi (e`nfult) tmp mit)
2?2u (v`yfP) fr tsmz tfh v`yf ksf tfh sfy (uismbi`e mit dr scdrt mit)
2?2l (v`yf L) Pzui tfhsfy (ldib mit)
2?2ul (v`yf PL) fr`tsmz uzui tfh sfy (uismbi`e ldib mit)
Zfamtl`r a`lmrlm amre``rm,kfyifk prdbrfh mmie` mnfe` `th`k mmikullfilr.ri`mi,f80;kdesftriefkm0e`mh`zamr sfamttmr.
Zfamtl`r; tfh sfylfrefi (mit`b`r iuh`rfls), kfyfi idktflsfylfrefi (nldftmib-pdmit iuh`rfls), mnt euyfrlkl sfylfrefi
(edual` pr`jmsmdi nldftmib-pdmit iuh`rfls),kfrfkt`rl`r (jcfrfjt`r),kfrfkt r emzml`rmie`i (strmibs) dluur.
Ufh sfy sfamtl`rmi vfrsfylfi tmpm mittmr. Zfamtl`rmi sdiuif`kl`i`i u v`yf P, l v`yf L v` ul v`yf PL sdi `kl`rm tfh sfysfamtl`rmiifsl`l`flifjfia`lmrtmr.
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Aml m _ l
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
24/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
15
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r MM
Aflk Edsyflfr
Zfamt Fklfhf
:.6560= :.6560=
>.?1@1: >.?16?1:
6.>@-6= 6.>6?-6=
:.6560=l (v`yf L) Pzuimnt euyfrlkl sfy (ldib edual`)
>.?1@1:N (v`yf n) Kfyfr idktfl sfy (nldft)
Kfyfridktflsfamtl`rdieflklv`yf tfh amrsfyml` ` kfrfkt`rmv` kuvv`te``rmie`ih`yefif b`lmr.
`ay t`i ft tc` Stc c`mbct
Idktf m`r`i v` n v` N sdi`km flh sfamtl`r, nldft dlfrfk `l`flirlfr.
Zdiuif n v`yf N sdi`kmflhfhv` nldft lmhmtl`rmimfhsfamtl`redual` dlfrfk `l`flirlfr.
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
25/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
10
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r MMM
Aflk Edsyflfr
Zfamt Fklfhf
fKfrfkt`r (jcfr)
x
H`rcfaf Eiyf Kfrfkt remzmsm (v`yf kftfr ) (strmib)
x 4
Kfrfkt`r (jcfr) tmpm sfamtl`r ms` amrfz nfrkl kullfilr. Au tmpt`kmsfamtl`r ml` bst`rmlmrl`r.ri`mi,jcfr x8f;`klmie`mnfe` `emlmrl`r.
Kfrfkt r emzmsm (strmib)tmpm ms` ml` `l`flirlfr.
Idktf m`r`i v` n v` N sdi`km flh sfamtl`r, nldft dlfrfk `l`flirlfr.
Zdiuif n v`yf N sdi`kmflhfhv` nldft lmhmtl`rmimfhsfamtl`r
edual` dlfrfk `l`flirlfr.
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
26/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
1>
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r M^
Aflk Edsyflfr
Kde l`v\f Fl rt(Z`slm uyfr)
\a Afjkspfj` (mhl`jmamr sdlf kfyer)
\n Ndrh N``e(amr sdirfkm sfynfii afif b`)
\i I`w Lmi` (amr sdirfkm sftrfb`)
\r Jfrrmfb` Q`turi(sftr afif b`)
\ti Cdrmzditfl Ufa (yftfy s`kh`, ie`mtmrml`amlmr)
\v ^`rtmjfl Ufa (emk y tfa, stui e`mtmrh`e`i flt sftrf b`)
\\ Afjk Zlfsc (\)
\4 Vu`stmdi Hfrk(4)
\ Zmibl` Vudt ()
\ Edual` Vudt` ()
Kditrdl kfrfkt`rl rm (@sjfp` Z`qu`ij` dr @sjfp` Jde`s) y`rflhfktfer. Au kfrfkt`rl`r ij`e`i a`lmrl`ihmtmrv` afz ml`hl`rmy`rmi` b`tmrmr.
prmitn(H`rcfaf Euiyf\imnfe`sm mkm sftmref yfzemrmlhfktfemr v` ampl`y`j`ktmr.\f);
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
27/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
12
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r ^
Aflk Edsyflfr
Kditrdl kfrfkt`rl rm (@sjfp` Z`qu`ij` dr @sjfp` Jde`s) y`rflhfktfer. Au kfrfkt`rl`r ij`e`i a`lmrl`ihmtmrv` afz ml`hl`rmy`rmi` b`tmrmr.
Zrfsylf, tfh sfy, kfyfr idktfl v` mnt euyfrlklkfyfr idktfl dlfrfk amlemrmlhm x, y, z v` We`mk`il`rm
Ufhsfytmpmie`km xe`mk`imi6 sfamtmftfihv``krfifktdlfrfkbie`rmlhm.
Kfyfridktfl sfytmpmie`km ye`mk`imi`6.? sfamtmftfihv` `krfifktdlfrfkbie`rmlhm.
mnt euyfrlkl kfyfr idktfl sfy tmpmie`km ze`mk`imi` 6.6 kfyfr idktfl sfamtm ftfih v``krfifktdlfrfkbie`rmlhm.
mnt euyfrlkl kfyfr idktfl sfy tmpmie`km We`mk`imi` -:.50@+?: uzui mnt euyfrlkl sfamtmftfihv` `krfifktdlfrfkbie`rmlhm.Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
28/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
13
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Aflk (c`fe`r) edsyfs, J emlm amlemrmhl`rm v`/v`yf sfamt, hfkrdtfihlfrim`r`i amredsyfer. # dp`rftr v` mijlue` kdhutu ml` Jiml`hjmsm (pr`prdj`ssdr) tfrfniefi i ml`h` tfam tutulfrfkkfyifk prdbrfhf `kl`ih`smsflfir.
Aflk (c`fe`r) edsyfs, J emlm amlemrmhl`rm v`/v`yfsfamt, hfkrd tfihlfri m`r i amr edsyfer. #dp rftr v` mijlue` kdhutu ml` J iml`hjmsm(pr`prdj`ssdr) tfrfniefi i ml`h` tfam tutulfrfkkfyifk prdbrfhf `kl`ih`smsflfir.Au edsyflfref, ij`e`i tfihlfih cfzrndiksmydilfri amlemrmhl`rm, hfkrd ndiksmydi v`/v`yfsfamt amlemrmhl r v` e rl ymjmym yil iemr iiml`hjm tfihlfhflfr vfrer.Kfyifk prdbrfhef, ri`mi x e`mk`im e``rmimi`krfif kt dlfrfk v`rmlh`smim sflfyfi prmin()ndiksmydiu stemd.caflk edsyfsief amlemrmlhmtmr.
ri`mi, kfr`kk flfi sqrt() ndiksmydiu hftc.caflk edsyfsief amlemrmlhmtmr.
4
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
29/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
1=
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r M
J emlmie` hft`hftmks`lml`hl`rmmikullfilfifrmth`tmk dp`rftrl`rmu `kmle` srflfifamlmr7
Dp`rftr l`v
Frmth`tmk
Dp`
rftrl`r
+ Udplfhf ml`hm
- kfrhf ml`hm v` i`bftmn mfr`tm
* frphf ml`hm
/ Alh` ml`hm
% Kflfi (hde) ml`hm++ Frttrhf ml`hm (++x v`yf x++)
-- Fzflthf ml`hm (--x v`yf x--)
Aml`mkFtfhf
Dp`rftrl`rm +8 Aml`mk ftfhf ml`hm y+8x (y8y+x)
-8 Aml`mk ftfhf ml`hm y-8x (y8y-x)
*8 Aml`mk ftfhf ml`hm y*8x (y8y*x)/8 Aml`mk ftfhf ml`hm y/8x (y8y/x)
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
30/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:?
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r MM
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Dp`rftr l`v
lmk
ms`lv`@mtlmk
Dp`rftrl`rm
88 @mt (`qufl td)
!8 @mt e`ml(idt `qufl td)
9 Ayk (br`ft`r tcfi)
< Kk (l`ss tcfi)
98 Ayk`mt (br`ft`r tcfi dr `qufl td)
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
31/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:6
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Kfyifk prdbrfhlfr c`r zfhfi edrusfl amr kdhut sftr emzmsm`klmie`dlhfyfamlmr.zl`emmsr` m`rmsmie`afkfkdhutsftrlfrifftlfhfs, amr kde alduiu t`krfr `th`sm v`yf kfrfr v`rh`smb`r`k`amlmr. J emlm, kfyifk prdbrfhi i`ym, i` zfhfi v` i` frtlfr
fltief yfphfs b`r`ktmmima`lmrl`h`y` yfrfyfi kditrdll`r` sfcmptmr.Auyfplfr u `kmle` srflfifamlmr7
MNv` MN@LZ@
RCML@v` EDRCML@
NDQ
ZRMUJC
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
32/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:1
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl (Kdul) ]fplfr
J emlm, kfyifk prdbrfhi i`ym, i` zfhfi v` i` frtlfr fltiefyfphfs b`r`ktmmima`lmrl`h`y` yfrfyfi kditrdll`r` sfcmptmr. Kdulyfps,amr kdhutsftriiv`yf kdhutalduiuia`llm amrkdulf afldlfrfkml`tmlh`smim sflfyfi yfper.
MNv` @LZ@
MN yfps, amr kdulf afl dlfrfk kdhutsftr v`yf kdhut aldu ml`tmlh`kmst`iemmie` kullfilr.
mn(kdul) kdhutTsftr;
mn(kdul){kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1;}
mn(kdul){kdhutTsftrT6;
kdhutTsftrT1;}`ls`
{kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1;}
mn(kdulT6){kdhutTsftrT6;
kdhutTsftrT1;}`ls` mn (kdulT1)
{kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1;}
`ls`
{kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1;}
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
33/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
::
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl (Eib) ]fplfr M
J emlm, kfyifk prdbrfhi i`ym, i` zfhfi v` i` frtlfr fltiefyfphfs b`r`ktmmima`lmrl`h`y` yfrfyfi kditrdll`r` sfcmptmr. Eibyfplfr, amr kdhut sftrii v`yf kdhut alduiui a`llm amr kdulfaflv`yf a`llm amrsfyeft`krfrlfml`tmlh`smim sflfyfi yfplfrer.
RCML@
Kdul sflfihfsiefisdirf kdhut alduml`tml`j`ktmr.
wcml`(kdul){kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1; }
ed
{kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1; }
wcml`(kdul)
RCML@, amr kdhut sftrii v`yf kdhutalduiui,amrkdulf afldlfrfk t`krfrl
ml`tmlh`smim sflfyfikditrdlyfpser.
Kdhut aldu ml`tmlemkt`isdirf kdul sflfhfsyfplfjfktr.
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr_rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
34/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:5
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl (Eib) ]fplfr MM
J emlm, kfyifk prdbrfhi i`ym, i` zfhfi v` i` frtlfr fltiefyfphfs b`r`ktmmima`lmrl`h`y` yfrfyfi kditrdll`r` sfcmptmr. Eibyfplfr, amr kdhut sftrii v`yf kdhut alduiui a`llm amr kdulfaflv`yf a`llm amrsfyeft`krfrlfml`tmlh`smim sflfyfi yfplfrer.
NDQ
ndr(aflfibTe``rm; kdul; frtTe``rm) kdhutTsftr;
ndr(aflfibTe``rm; kdul; frtTe``rm)
{ kdhutTsftrT6;kdhutTsftrT1; }
NDQ, amr kdhut sftrii v`yf kdhutalduiui, a`llm sfyef t`krfrlf
ml`tmlh`smim sflfyfikditrdlyfpser.
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
35/40
b y b
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:0
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl (Z`mh) ]fplfr MMM
J emlm, kfyifk prdbrfhi i`ym, i` zfhfi v` i` frtlfr fltiefyfphfs b`r`ktmmima`lmrl`h`y` yfrfyfi kditrdll`r sfcmptmr. Z`mhyfps, kdul yfpsifa`iz`r`kmle`,a`llm amr kdhutsftriiv`yfkdhut alduiui a`llm amr kdulf afl ml tmlh`smim sflfyfi amr
yfper.Kdul yfpsiefi nfrkldlfrfk, mkme`i nfzlfs``i``sfcmptmr.Kdul yfpsii edru v` yfil dlhfk z`r` mkm s``i`` sfcmpdleuuiu cftrlfyiz.
ZRMUJC
swmtjc(e`mk`i){ jfs`sfamtTe``rT67
kdhutTaldu;ar`fk;jfs`sfamtTe``rT17kdhutTaldu;ar`fk;
e`nfult7kdhutTaldu; }
ZRMUJC, mkme`i nfzlf s``i`klm, amrkdulfafl dlfrfk kdhut sftr v`yf kdhutaldu ml`tmlh`k mst`iemmie` kullfilr.
ZRMUJC,e`mk`imi fle e``r`kfrlk b`l`i euruhui (jfs`)dlup dlhfeif afkfr. @`r vfr
ms`, d euruhui (jfs`) kdhutalduiu ml`tmr. @`r ydk ms`,vfrsfylfi (e`nfult) kde alduiuml`tmr. Aurfefkm sfamtTe``rl`r,?, 6, f bmame``rl`remr.E`mk`ikullfilfhfz.
4
4
Ndiksmydilfr
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
36/40
b y b
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:>
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr M
J emlm, ndiksmydi dlfrfk felfierlfi fltprdbrfhefi dlufi amryfpyf sfcmptmr. Au ndiksmydilfr (fltprdbrfhlfr), ij`e`icfzrlfih v` ktpcfi`e` auluifi cfzr ndiksmydilfr (prmitn(),b`tjc(), hfmi()) mk`i, afzlfr prdbrfhj tfrfniefi cfzrlfifi
ndiksmydilfrer.
B`i`l tfihlfhf ammhmi` br`, NdiksmydiTfe msmhlmndiksmydiuhuzui amlemrmhm`sifsief,kurfllfrf uybui
`kmle` a`lmrl`ihm mshm yfiief v`rmTtmpm ml`eier`j`m e``rmitmpm, () ml` v`rm tmpl`rm a`lmrtml`r`kpfrfh`tr` lmst`sm e` a`lmrl ih`lmemr. Q`turi kdhutums`, ndiksmydiusdilfierrk`i, ndiksmydiuiml`tmlh`smsdiujuief `le` `eml`ie``rmieierh`smimsflfr.
B`i`l Ufihlfhf Ammhm7
^`rmTUmpm NdiksmydiTFe(pfrfh`tr`T6, pfrfh`tr`T1,){
KdhutTAldu;r`turie`mk`iTfe;
}
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfhlfhf
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
37/40
b y b
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:2
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr MM
//Ndiksmydi ri`m#mijlue`
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
38/40
b y b
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:3
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr MMM
J emlm, ndiksmydi dlfrfk felfierlfi fltprdbrfhefi dlufi amryfpyf sfcmptmr. Ndiksmydilfr (fltprdbrfhlfr), kfyifk prdbrfhefkullfilhfefi ij` tfihlfihflfr b`r kmr. Fksm cfle` e`rl h`cftfs ml` kfrlflfjfktr. Au cftfy il h`k mmi ndiksmydiui
prdtdtmpm (prdtdtyp` nuijtmdi), sfe`j` frbhfi lmst smie` y`rflfjfkfrbhfilfriv`rm tmpl`rm amlemrml`r`k,tfihlfifamlmr.
_rdtdtmp amlemrmhm ndiksmydiui,ndiksmydiuikullfihiefi ij`,tfihlfihfs zdruiluluuiu
drtfefikflerhfktfer.Fijfk emkkft `emlh`sm b`r`k`ikdiu, ndiksmydiui prdtdtmptfihlfihfsml` b`r`ktfihiiuyuhludlhfser.
//Ndiksmydi ri`m#mijlue`
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
39/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
:=
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr M^
J emlm, ndiksmydi dlfrfk felfierlfi fltprdbrfhefi dlufi amryfpyf sfcmptmr. Ndiksmydilfr (fltprdbrfhlfr) milmi` dlfrfk tftfihlfifamlh`kt`emrl`r. Au amlemrmh, ndiksmydiui frle kdhutsftrif frlhf kdeuiui y`rmi`, k`iemsmimi kdef `kl ih`smim
sflfr.
milmi` amlemrmhm sfe`j`ndiksmydiui tfihlfihfs`sifsief amr k`z kullfilr v`
ndiksmydiui frlhfs c`rzfhfikm bmamemr.Fijfk du e`rl`ymjm, uybuidlhfs euruhuief idrhfltfihlfihamr ndiksmydiu milmi`dlfrfkdptmhmz``e`j`ktmr.
Auiui yfiief milmi` dlfrfktfihlfih amr ndiksmydiu ms`,uybui dlhfhfs cflmie` idrhflamr ndiksmydi amlemrmhmi`eitr`j`ktmr.
//Ndiksmydi ri`m#mijlue`
8/10/2019 C Programlama - r.gr. Levent Terlemez Ders Notlar
40/40
Amlbmsfyfr _rdbrfh
B`lmtmrh` Ffhflfr
Flbdrmthf
Fk `hfs
E`rl`ymjm (Jdhpml`r)
J _rdbrfhlfhf Emlm
Kfyifk _rdb. ]fps
E`mk`i
U h`l E`mk`i Umpl`rm
E`mk`i Amlemrmhm
Zfamtl`r
Aflk Edsyflfr
Dp`rftrl`r
Kditrdl ]fplfr
Ndiksmydilfr
J emlm, ndiksmydi dlfrfk felfierlfi fltprdbrfhefi dlufi amryfpyfsfcmptmr. Ndiksmydi(fltprdbrfh)efmhfe``reierr hv`/v`yf flfamlh`sm mmi amr pfrfh`tr`y` mctmyf euyfr h4 Afzeuruhlfref ndiksmydi, flhfs mmi pfrfh`tr y` v`/v`yf
eier`j`m amr e``r` mctmyf euyhfyf amlmr. Ayl` euruhlfref,eier`j`mamre``r dlhfhfsv`/v`yfflhfsmmi pfrfh`tr`y`b`r`keuyhfhfsvdme kdhutu ml` amlemrmlmr.
Kfyifk prdbrfhri`mie` vdmekdhutu h`sfgndiksmydiuiui amr
e``r eierh`y`j`mim v`frlrk`i c`rcfibm amrpfrfh`tr`y` mctmyf euyhfeia`lmrth`kt`emr.Ndiksmydi, fif ndiksmydiefifrleief, kditrdl
e`vrflfjfk v` `krfif ktv`remkt`i sdirf kditrdl t`krfrfif ndiksmydif e`vr`e`j`ktmr.
//Ndiksmydi ri`m#mijlue`