95

Technical report A-054/1999

APPENDICES

97

Technical report A-054/1999

APPENDIX APhotographs, figures and graphs

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

MAIN WRECKAGE

Figure 3.1 – Aerial View

Figure 3.2 – Main Wreckage looking North-West

Figure 3.3 – Main Wreckage looking West

Aircraft

Sta

159

263

Nos

e La

ndin

g G

ear

Whe

elw

ell/D

ogho

use

399.

548

056

062

071

084

590

010

4011

8011

3514

20

7.5°

1560

1664

2005

1720

Mai

n E

quip

men

tC

entr

e

Cab

in D

oor

L1

For

war

dF

usel

age

Bre

ak

Aft

Fus

elag

eB

reak

Cab

in D

oor

L2C

abin

Doo

r L4

Cab

in D

oor

L3

For

war

dE

quip

men

tC

entr

e

For

war

d C

argo

Com

part

men

tA

ft C

argo

Com

part

men

t

~2.

4 m

~0.

95 m

B75

7-20

0 G

EN

ER

AL

AR

RA

NG

EM

EN

T

Figure 4

Figure 5

A

R1 L1

R2 L2

R3 L3

R4

L4

BCD

23

Sea

t Row

14

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

2122

2324

2526

2728

2930

3132

3334

3536

3738

3940

41

CA

BIN

LA

YO

UT

To

ilet

AT

rip

le P

ass

en

ge

rS

ea

t R

ow

23

5 P

ass

en

ge

r S

ea

ts

Exi

t

To

ilet

D

To

ilets

B &

C

Ga

lley

Ga

lley

Fo

rwa

rd C

ab

inA

ft C

ab

inC

en

tre

Ca

bin

Sta 263

Up

Sta 324

Sta 395

NLG DragStrut Trunnion

NLG LegTrunnion

Wheelwell

Doghouse

Forward

NOSE LANDING GEAR SUPPORT STRUCTURE

Figure 6  Isometric View

Side View

Forward

395352345 377.7324285

11 ft(3.35 m)

263Sta

Figure 7

B757 DETAILS (Similar Aircraft to G-BYAG)

Figure 7.1 – Nose Landing Gear

Figure 7.2 – Control Cables Underfloor

Cabin Floor Beam

Cable Fairlead

DoghouseTop Beams

Forward Doors (normally closed,manually opened for access)

Doghouse

Wheelwell

Drag Strut

Leg

Control Cables

No 2 PowerplantCable Loop

TRATRB

No 1 PowerplantCable Loop

TLATLB

Input from Flight DeckForward and ReverseThrust Levers

ForwardPulley

PylonPulley

Input fromFlight Deck

Forward and ReverseThrust Levers

'A' Cable

Forward Pulley Pylon Pulley

AdvanceForwardThrust

IncreaseReverseThrust

IncreaseForwardThrust

AdvanceReverseThrust

Output toFuel Metering Unit

and Thrust ReverserSelectors

'B' Cable

POWERPLANT CONTROL CABLES

Figure 8.1 - Powerplant Control Run Schematic

Figure 8.2 - Powerplant Control Run Operation

Figure 8

Pow

erpl

ant

Con

trol

For

war

d P

ulle

y

No

1 P

ower

plan

t Con

trol

sho

wn,

No

2 si

mila

rWhe

elw

ell

Dog

hous

e'A

' Cab

le'B

' Cab

leM

ain

Equ

ipm

ent

Cen

tre

Flig

ht D

eck

Thr

ust L

ever

s

Nos

eLa

ndin

gG

ear

(NLG

)

PO

WE

RP

LA

NT

CO

NT

RO

L C

AB

LE

LA

YO

UT

Figure 9

Cab

in F

loor

Bea

m

Cab

in F

loor

Sta

325

345

365

377

395

418

440

460

480

For

war

dP

ress

ure

Bul

khea

d

Airc

raft

Bat

tery

Cab

in F

loor

For

war

dE

quip

men

tC

entr

e NLG

Whe

elw

ell

NLG

Dog

hous

e

Rig

ht G

ener

ator

Pow

er P

anel

Ele

ctric

al a

nd E

lect

roni

cE

quip

men

t Rac

ks

Left

Gen

erat

orP

ower

Pan

el

Mai

n Eq

uipm

ent C

entre

MA

IN E

QU

IPM

EN

T C

EN

TR

E

Figure 10

Figure 11

FLIGHT RECORDERS

Figure 11.1 – Flight Data Recorder and Cockpit Voice Recorder

Figure 11.2 – Quick Access Recorder (QAR)

Figure 11.3 – QAR Cassette Figure 11.4 – QAR

FDR DATA - GLIDESLOPE INTERCEPT TO FIRST TOUCHDOWN

Figure 12

-3-2.5

-2-1.5

-1-0.5

00.5

11.5

22.5

3

Glid

eslo

pe D

evia

tion

(dot

s)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Alt

amsl

B arome tric Altitude

3 de gre e s lope

Glide s lope D e viation

AP and AT

120

125

130

135

140

145

150

155

160

165

170

Air

spee

d &

Gro

unds

peed

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Pitc

h

Groundspeed

Airspeed

Pitch

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Ele

vato

r &

Col

umn

Column Position

Elevator

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Rad

io A

ltitu

de

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6E

PR &

Nor

mal

G

R adio Altitude

N ormal G

EPR

Time in te n se cond inte rvals 60 120

FDR DATA - MANUALLY FLOWN SEGMENT TO FIRST TOUCHDOWN

Figure 13

-3-2.5

-2-1.5

-1-0.5

00.5

11.5

22.5

3

Glid

eslo

pe D

evia

tion

(dot

s)

4004505005506006507007508008509009501000

Alt

amsl

Barometric Altitude3 degree slope

Glideslope DeviationAP and AT

120

125130

135

140145

150

155

160165

170

Air

spee

d &

Gro

unds

peed

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Pitc

h

GroundspeedAirspeed

Pitch

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Ele

vato

r &

Col

umn

Column Position

Elevator

0

100

200

300

400

500

Rad

io A

ltitu

de

-0.4

0.1

0.6

1.1

1.6

EPR

& N

orm

al G

Normal GEPR

Radio Altitude

Commander CVR channel

First Officer CVR channel

Marker Beacon ATC Transmission

On

the

bug

Six

Hun

dred

Dow

n

Bug

plu

s ten

Five

hun

dred

dow

n

Full

scal

e fly

dow

n

Thou

sand

dow

n

SIN

K R

ATE

SIN

K R

ATE

TEN

FDR DATA - EXPANDED VIEW OF FIRST AND SECOND TOUCHDOWN

Figure 14

FDR DATA - WIND PROFILE DURING FINAL APPROACH

Figure 15

Figure 16

FIRST APPROACH

Figure 17

SECOND APPROACH

Est

imat

ed F

irst

Tou

chdo

wn

Poi

ntT

yre

and

Scr

ape

Mar

ks

Sta

rt o

f con

tinuo

usT

yre

and

Scr

ape

Mar

ks

Mou

ndT

rees

Eng

ines

Mai

nW

reck

age

Tre

es

Apr

on

Em

bank

men

t(a

ppro

x 25

ft d

rop)

Sta

rt o

fR

unw

ay 2

0

2002

Tax

iway

PA

PIS

Con

trol

Tow

er

Airp

ort

Bou

ndar

yF

ence

Nos

eLa

ndin

gG

ear

Initi

al R

unw

ayS

crap

e M

arks

Sec

ond

Run

way

Scr

ape

Mar

ksA

irpor

tP

erim

eter

Roa

d

100

200

300

400

500

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

0600

700

800

900

Dis

tanc

e -

met

res

Ter

min

alB

uild

ing

G-B

YA

G G

RO

UN

D T

RA

CK

Figure 18

G-B

YA

G G

RO

UN

D T

RA

CK

- F

INA

L P

AR

T

Osc

illat

ory

Rig

ht M

LGT

rack

s

Mou

ndM

ain

Wre

ckag

eE

mba

nkm

ent

Tre

esE

ngin

es

Nos

eLa

ndin

gG

ear

Tre

es

Figure 19

87

Start of RW20

1st Touchdown (estimated)

End of RW20

Note: Distances relate to aircraft CG position

2nd Touchdown:1st NLG Structure & Right Nacelle RW Contact

2nd NLG Structure, Right Nacelle& Fuselage Nose RW Contact

CVR & FDR End

Start of Veer right of RW Centreline

Depart RW hard surface

Contact with Mound

Start of heavy ground contact in Field

Aircraft Halted

EVENT Distance AlongTracks - metre

Distance AlongRunway - metre

417

140

543

370 Veering to Right of RW Centreline

343 Running on Grass RW Surround

244 Yawed Slide in Field

144 Travel over Mound

128

Aircraft Bounce

Slight Bounce of Fwd Fuselage

Tracking close to RW Centreline

1734 Total Ground Run

(417)

557600

644

1187

1556

1896

2035

2272

2400

1000

2000

0

G-BYAG GROUND RUN DISTANCE SUMMARY

Figure 20

INITIAL RUNWAY MARKS

Figure 21

0 10-10 20Distance Right of RW CL

- metre

DATUM 2(Side Light No 11.1)ie 566m from RW20 Start

Distance Along RWfrom Datum 2(Start of Initial Marks) - metre

Aircraft Outline(aircraft level, positioned after start of initial marks)

ScrapeMarks

Gouge andScrape Marks

RunwayCentreline

40

30

20

10

0

Distance Along RWfrom Datum 3(Start of Second Marks) - metre

DATUM 3(Side Light No 12.95)ie 660m from RW20 Start

Distance Right of RW CL- metre0 10-10 20

RunwayCentreline

SECOND RUNWAY MARKS

Figure 22 

Aircraft Outline(aircraft level, positioned after start of initial marks)

ScrapeMarks

GougeMarks

40

30

20

10

0

Figure 23

RUNWAY MARKS AND WRECKAGE

Figure 23.1 – Fuselage Marks Figure 23.2 – Nacelle Marks

Figure 23.3 – Wreckage Items recovered from Runway

Second RunwayFuselage Marks

Second RunwayNo 2 Nacelle Marks

Figure 24

RUNWAY SURROUND

Figure 24.1 – Runway Edge Tracks Figure 24.2 – Grassed Area

Figure 24.3 – Right MLG Tracks Figure 24.4 – Approach to Mound

Right MLG

NLG

Left MLG

ForwardFuselageStructure

Left MLGRight MLG

No 2Nacelle

Mound

Runway

No 1/5 TyreTrack

Figure 25

MOUND

Figure 25.1 – MLG Tracks over Road

Figure 25.2 – View Along Track from Mound

Airport Boundary FenceEmbankment

PerimeterRoad

MoundLeft MLGTrack

Lip at edgeof Road

Runway

Figure 26

WRECKAGE DETAIL

Figure 26.1 – Forward Fuselage Figure 26.2 – Forward Fuselage

Figure 26.3 – Forward EquipmentCentre Hatch

Figure 26.4 – Rear Fuselage

MEC

Rear FuselageBreak

Slide L4

Figure 27

FORWARD FUSELAGE UNDERSIDE

Figure 27.1 – Forward Fuselage Underside

Figure 27.2 – Floor and Cable Damage

WheelwellCabin FloorUndersurface

365395Sta 460

Sta 365Sta 395

TRA

TRB

TLB

Floor PanelDamage

Main EquipmentCentre

Figure 28

POWERPLANT CONTROL CABLES

Figure 28.1 – No 2 Powerplant Cables Underfloor

Figure 28.2 – Cable TLB Severance

Figure 28.3 – Cable TRB Severance

TRB

TRA

Sta 365

Figure 29

LANDING GEAR

Figure 29.1 – NLG and Doghouse

Figure 29.2 - Doghouse

Figure 29.3 – Right MLG

Detached Sidewall Portionsremaining with Drag Strut Trunnions

NLG Leg Left Trunnion

Do

or

R1

Do

or

crac

ked

op

enS

lide

no

t d

eplo

yed

Do

or

L1

Do

or

op

enS

lide

dep

loye

d,

no

t in

flat

ed

Exi

ts u

sed

sh

ow

n c

olo

ur

cod

ed, w

her

e kn

ow

n

Do

or

R4

Do

or

crac

ked

op

enS

lide

no

t d

eplo

yed

Do

or

L4

Do

or

op

enS

lide

dep

loye

d,

no

t in

flat

ed

Do

or

L2

Do

or

op

enS

lide

infl

ated

Do

or

R2

Do

or

op

enS

lide

infl

ated

Do

or

R3

Do

or

op

enS

lide

infl

ated

Sea

t R

ow

s9R

& 1

1RD

etac

hed

Sea

t R

ow

s28

R &

29R

Det

ach

ed

Sea

t R

ow

s28

L &

29L

Det

ach

ed

Do

or

L3

Do

or

no

t o

pen

edS

lide

no

t d

eplo

yed

A

R1

L1

R2

L2

R3

L3

R4

L4

BC

D2

3

Sea

t Row

14

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

2122

2324

2526

2728

2930

3132

3334

3536

3738

3940

41

Figure 30

CA

BIN

DIS

RU

PT

ION

Figure 31

CABIN

Figure 31.1 – View Aft from Door L1 Figure 31.2 – Forward Cabin

Figure 31.3 - Rear Cabin

Seat Row 8R

Seat Row 9R

31R

30R

28R

29R

28L

BuckledFloor

Video Monitor

Figure 32

FLIGHT DECK

Figure 32.1 – Flight Deck

Figure 32.2 – Centre Console

Left post of LeftWindscreen

Captain’sSeat

Co-Pilot’sSeat

DrinkingWater Bottle

Captain’sRightRudderPedal

ReverseThrustLevers

ForwardThrustLevers

NO

SE

LA

ND

ING

GE

AR

SU

PP

OR

T S

TR

UC

TU

RE

DIS

PL

AC

EM

EN

T

Figure 33

Pitc

h A

ttitu

de -

7° (

Nos

e D

own

)

Sta

325

345

365

377

395

418

440

460

480

Sta

325

345

365

377

395

418

440

460

480