By the end of this session the learner should be able to: 1. Understand the PHC specialty e.g., its...
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Primary Health Care System in K.S.A.
By the end of this session the learner should be able to: 1. Understand the PHC specialty e.g., its philosophy and features; its methods and its holistic
By the end of this session the learner should be able to: 1.
Understand the PHC specialty e.g., its philosophy and features; its
methods and its holistic approach to patient care. 2.List the
principles and component of PHC and demonstrate an understanding of
their role in patient care in Saudi Arabia 3.Understand the
difference between PHC, PC and Family Medicine 4.Demonstrates
awareness of the general structure of the health care system in
Saudi Arabia
Slide 3
Case 1 Jamila 55 years old Saudi female, seen in KKUH primary
care clinic. She was referred from PHCC with diagnosis of IBS and
referred upon patient request. She claimed that she has files in
SFH, Military hospital and national guard hospital, she refused to
give any further history and demands full unjustified range of
investigations.
Slide 4
Case 2 Nadia 24 years old Saudi female seen in KKUH primary
care clinic. You were shocked by seeing skin and bone patient with
referral from PHCC with query diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma.
The referral was dated 18 months ago. She missed one appointment
7/12 ago because she gave birth to her first child. This
appointment was the only available appointment at that time.
Slide 5
Group task Divide into group of 5 and discuss the 2 cases in
regards to these issues: Social equity Nation-wide coverage
Self-reliance Inter-Sectoral coordination Peoples involvement in
the planning and implementation of health programs
Slide 6
History of Health Care Services 1926 PHC Taif and Makka 1928
health and emergency services directorate 1931 Ministry of interior
(department of health) 1950 establishment of ministry of health
(MOH) and hospitals
Slide 7
What is Primary Health Care? How would you define Primary
Health Care?
Slide 8
Primary health care has been defined by the World Health
Organization (WHO, 1978) as: Essential care based on practical,
scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology
made universally accessible to individuals and families in the
community through their full participation and at a cost that the
community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of
their development in the spirit of self- reliance and self
determination. Primary Health Care
Slide 9
primary health care is It forms an integral part both of the
countrys health system, of which it is the central function and
main focus, and of the overall social and economic development of
the community. It is the first level of contact of individuals, the
family, and the community with the national health system, bringing
health care as close as possible to where people live and work, and
constitutes the first element of a continuing health care
process.
Slide 10
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Slide 11
In accordance with Alma-ata (1978) declaration Saudi Arabia
decides to adopt PHC approach in 1980 Alm-ata declaration PHC,
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, GENEVA; 1978 Primary health care
Slide 12
Principles for PHC PHC based on the following principles :
Social equity Nation-wide coverage Self-reliance Inter-sectoral
coordination Peoples involvement in the planning and implementation
of health programs
Slide 13
Primary Health Care addresses the main health problems in the
community, providing: Promotive, Preventive, Curative and
Rehabilitative services accordingly.
Slide 14
Components of Primary Health Care Education concerning
prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and
controlling them Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition An
adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation Maternal and
child health care, including family planning Immunization against
the major infectious diseases
Slide 15
Components of Primary Health Care (cont) Prevention and control
of locally endemic diseases Appropriate treatment of common
diseases and injuries Basic laboratory services and provision of
essential drugs Training of health guides, health workers and
health assistants Referral services
Slide 16
The Basic Requirements for Sound PHC (the 8 As and the 3 Cs)
Appropriateness Availability Adequacy Accessibility Acceptability
Affordability Assessability Accountability Completeness
Comprehensiveness Continuity
Slide 17
Appropriateness Whether the service is needed at all in
relation to essential human needs, priorities and policies. The
service has to be properly selected and carried out by trained
personnel in the proper way.
Slide 18
Adequacy The service proportionate to requirement. Sufficient
volume of care to meet the need and demand of a community
Slide 19
Affordability The cost should be within the means and resources
of the individual and the country.
Slide 20
Accessibility Reachable, convenient services Geographic,
economic, cultural accessibility
Slide 21
Acceptability Acceptability of care depends on a variety of
factors, including satisfactory communication between health care
providers and the patients, whether the patients trust this care,
and whether the patients believe in the confidentiality and privacy
of information shared with the providers.
Slide 22
Availability Availability of medical care means that care can
be obtained whenever people need it.
Slide 23
Assessability Assessebility means that medical care can be
readily evaluated.
Slide 24
Accountability Accountability implies the feasibility of
regular review of financial records by certified public
accountants.
Slide 25
Completeness Completeness of care requires adequate attention
to all aspects of a medical problem, including prevention, early
detection, diagnosis, treatment, follow up measures, and
rehabilitation.
Slide 26
Comprehensiveness Comprehensiveness of care means that care is
provided for all types of health problems.
Slide 27
Continuity Continuity of care requires that the management of a
patients care over time be coordinated among providers.
Slide 28
The current Status of PHC as per Saudi Ministry of Health Stat
Book 2010: 33% of PHC centers are equipped with X rays. 72% of PHC
centers are equipped with labs. Very basic labs: CBC, EP, VS. INR,
Hba1C, Lipid. TSH. Average 27 patients/physician/day, Can reach 72
3155 GPs, 1729 with FM training. Board certified FM (