By: Prof. Dr. Ajay Chandak. - Ashrae Mumbaiashraemumbai.org/Waste to Energy - Dr. Chandak.pdfMajor Issue in waste management in India • Waste treatment methodology: Most of us do

By: Prof. Dr. Ajay Chandak.By: Prof. Dr. Ajay Chandak.

PRINCE (Promoters, Researchers & Innovators in New & Clean Energy) Suman FoundationShamgiri, Agra Road, Opp. Swagat Lodge,

Dhule: 424005 INDIAwww.princeindia.org

Impact of Swatchha Bharat Abhiyan?

Strengths:

Generating high level of awareness.

Because issue is taken up by Prime Minister, bureaucrats and other politicians will take

Weaknesses:Practically what everybody is doing is

shifting waste from more populated areas to less populated areas. Earlier people were throwing waste from houses to streets. Now they are shifting from streets to dumping grounds. politicians will take

serious cognizance of the issue.

Government is very likely to provide large scale funding.

grounds.

No technological backup on what to do with the waste ?

Focus should be on less generation, segregation and treatment of waste which is missing. Sweeping streets by politicians and celebraties is becoming a photo event and loosing seriousness.

New Strategy for ‘Organic

Waste Management’:

All waste treatment facilities

are to be treated as ‘Energy

Factories’ and ‘Resource

Energy Factories:

Waste to be

converted to

‘Biogas’, ‘Fuel

pallets’ etc.

Factories’ and ‘Resource

Factories’ and should

generate revenue rather

than spending on waste

treatment.

Resource

Factories: Waste

to Compost

Major Issue in waste management in India

• Waste treatment methodology: Most of us do not know what can be the best possible option of treating waste. In majority of cases it is shifting of solid waste from streets of corporations to dumping ground. All major cities have conflicts with areas where the waste is dumped.

• We need proper validated technologies in Indian circumstances and not the technologies from western countries. They have different waste composition and countries. They have different waste composition and different climate.

• Awareness levels are very poor amongst people. Waste segregation at domestic level may take few more years. Our experience is that ‘Food Waste’ is the most menacing waste in the process and one should resolve this problem in the first place.

Why Target Food Waste First?

• This is easy to digest ‘Organic Waste’.

Starts stinking within 2 days.

• This is a menace; call for flies,

mosquitoes, dogs and all kind of mosquitoes, dogs and all kind of

animals. Filth of these animals have

cascading effect.

• Health hazard.


Cattle in the city get lot to eat as people throw stuff on

roads which is food for them


Donkeys on streets in the hunt of food waste


Common scene on few footpaths and near dust bins.

Dogs, pigs scatter all waste in search of food.

Food Waste available in the town

anywhere is call for Animals.

Animals not only create problem

to traffic and increase accident

proneness but also increase filthproneness but also increase filth

all over the city.

Traffic obstructions.

These roaming

stray animals add to

the filth in the city:

Animal excreta on

the streets

Domestic/small colony

Prefabricated Biogas plants

Few Installations.1. All plastic ready to install plant

(on ground)

2. Plastic gasholder with concrete

digester.

3. All plastic ‘bendless’ inlet &

outlet plants (Partly buried)outlet plants (Partly buried)

Strategy for management of food

waste for corporationIndian families hardly generate any food waste. Wasting food is

treated as bad manners and unholy act. Any leftover food is normally put in refrigerators and reused or used for some other recipe; Indian housewives are very smart at reusing such food stuff. We recommend that in the first phase we can leave households outside the net. Educating them for segregation of households outside the net. Educating them for segregation of waste and establishing collection mechanism is also a big ask.

In the first phase it is better to target bulk waste producers like hotels, restaurants, function halls, fruit market, vegetable market etc.

Business Model for Corporation:

Model 1Waste Generator End Initiatives.

Treat The waste where it is generated.

• Make biogas facility for hotels, restaurants, function halls etc. legally binding.function halls etc. legally binding.

• Give some kind of financial subsidies.

• Give some kind of subsidies to private users who wish to install biogas plant and tie up with waste generators.

Business Model for Corporation:

Model 2Centralised Initiative:

• Similar to biomedical waste utility: Provide a separate vehicle to collect food waste from waste generators and charge them for the waste.

• Construct a centralised biogas plant at some location.• Construct a centralised biogas plant at some location.

• Sell biogas to some end user OR Put biogas bottling plant and use the bio-CNG for the waste collection vehicle making it a zero emission system.

Waste Treatment Cycle (Urban)

Biogas Plant

BottlingBiogas cleaning and bottling

Slurry for making

Biogas

Food WasteFrom bulk waste generators

CNG Rickshaw on biogas as fuel

making Organic Fertiliser

Business Model

for Corporation

Model 3:

Community Community

Toilets, coupled

with food waste

based biogas.

Business Model for Corporation

Model 3: Community Toilets, coupled with food

waste based biogas.

• Recent Installation of Night soil plus food waste food waste based biogas plant for Tribal Residential School.

Business Model for Corporation

Model 3: Community Toilets, coupled with food

waste based biogas.

• This business model is a bit of radical thinking, however experiences in ‘Morane’ and ‘Jebapur’ show that these business models are practicable.

• As a policy matter corporation should decide that • As a policy matter corporation should decide that hereafter no community toilets will be constructed without biogas plants.

Toilet based multifuel decentralised biogas

Biogas Plant

Biogas sold to commercial or domestic users

Food WasteSlurry as Organic

Community Toilets

Food WasteFrom bulk waste generators

Slurry as Organic Fertiliser to be sold by tankers

Waste Management Model for Villages

Biogas Plant

Piped Biogas for Households in the villages.

Cowdung and Other organic Slurry as Organic

Community Toiletsand Sewer

Other organic waste

Slurry as Organic Fertiliser to be sold by tankers

Potential areas for biogas projects1. Food waste / Municipal corporation.

2. Industrial organic waste: Many industries are not aware about the waste to energy potential from their effluent / solid waste and actually spend money in aerobic digestion. Opting for anaerobic digestion can make big difference. “COD” of waste stream is the key.

3. Poultries, Dairies, Slauter houses, Food processing, agro 3. Poultries, Dairies, Slauter houses, Food processing, agro processing units.

With better and cheaper cleaning and bottling options for biogas, new avenues are opened. Smallest size plant available is for 200 CUM per day.

Solid Waste (Garden Waste and

other dry organic waste) to

Briquette

other dry organic waste) to

Briquette

Hand operated briquetting press

Innovative PRINCE Gasifier StoveInnovative PRINCE Gasifier StoveInnovative PRINCE Gasifier StoveInnovative PRINCE Gasifier Stove

Fuel:Wood chips:

Small branches

from Garden

WasteWaste

Cotton stake and

similar woody

agro waste

Pallets,

Where lies the innovation?

1. Innovative air proportion control

valve: Changes mix of primary

and secondary air quantity.

2. New stove design has option of

whirling flame which increases


whirling flame which increases

thermal efficiency

3. Innovative grate shaker provided

for removal of ash from burning

wood chips.

4. Ash continuously falls in tray in

the water. No flying ash in air.

Current Status: 6 sizes in commercial version launched.


A Waste Pricker

Innovation for waste collection.

Patent A.No.1238/MUM/2014

Problem Definition: Troubled areas

Empty unconstructed plots Waste trapped in bushesEmpty unconstructed plots Waste trapped in bushes

Road-sides and gutters.

Unattended empty spacesand difficult to access areasare full of waste. These arecommon sites in almost allcities and towns.


Wet areas: Leaking pipelines, overflowing gutters.

Who will put hand in this area to gather the plastic waste? All this waste finds its way in gutters and drains blocking them and causing all menace.


Polluted Beaches

Status of River “Ganga” banks in Varanasi.Status of River “Ganga” banks in Varanasi.

Challenges for Clean Ganga project of GoIChallenges for Clean Ganga project of GoI

Status of India’s Treasures

We need to change all this.

Status of India’s Treasures

We need to change all this.

Problem definition: Summarised

• Cannot sweep plastic waste from the areas where the base surface is soft or soggy.

• Cleaning river banks and beaches is a tough task.

• Picking plastic from bushy, thorny areas is not practicable and is never picked up.

• Plastic and paper waste in wet, soggy, dirty areas are not picked up by rag pickers and sweepers. Nobody will like to put picked up by rag pickers and sweepers. Nobody will like to put hand in such dirty areas.

• Small sized plastic bags, pouches etc. are not picked by the rag pickers as it can’t earn him a day’s wage.

• Cleaning plastic waste from beaches and river banks is difficult.

This can be used to collect

large quantities of plastic,

paper, cloths/textile and

similar waste in short time,

without dirtying hands.

The Solution:

without dirtying hands.

Please view this short 30 second view to see the

Gandhi Chhadi in use.

The Solution:

http://bit.ly/1O12BBc

The device has an amazing potential to for use in

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

http://bit.ly/1O12BBc

Features of

• Comfortable. Collecting plastic in standing posture

instead of bending

• Hygienic. No dirtying hands to pick plastic from wet,

soggy areas, gutters, river banks and beaches.

• Low-cost. Landed cost of the unit is less than Rs.

300/- only.300/- only.

• Light-weight. Weight of ‘Gandhi Chhadi’ less than

400 gms.

• No maintenance. Screw is only consumable item.

Cheaply available at Rs. 2 per piece or so.

Who must use ?

• Municipal cleanliness workers

• Ragpickers

• Cleanliness drives and CSR projects

• Volunteers cleaning forests, beaches, river

banks, etc.

Volunteers cleaning forests, beaches, river

banks, etc.Gandhi Chhadi is a simple yet

revolutionary tool for Swachh

Bharat Abhiyan. Most Suited for

CSR projects.

Projects of• Innovator with three of his

friends could clean and make

‘Laling Fort’ (near Dhule city)

plastic free in less than one hour

on Gandhi Jayanti, 2nd Oct. 2014.

Three big bags full of plastic

waste were collected. Idea waste were collected. Idea

propped up about naming the

innovation and there could not

be a better name than ‘Gandhi

Chhadi’

Projects of• Gandhi Chhadi being used and

appreciated by Collector, Municipal

Commissioner in cleanliness drive

at Govt. hospital, Dhule with

municipal cleanliness workers

Projects of• Rotary district 3060 has distributed

1000 Gandhi Chhadi in 85 different

cities as part of its Clean Cop

campaign.

In ‘Sinhasth’ Kumbh Mela 2015 in Nashik

• 400 Gandhi Chhadi are being used for waste collection in Sinhasth

Kumbh Mela in Nashik. It has been used and appreciated by

Guardian Minister (Nashik), Collector, Municipal Commissioner and

SP. Donated and endorsed by Builder’s Association of India (Nashik).

Manufacturing Licensees

IP rights are licensed to following agencies

• Vijay Environmental Engineering Pvt. Ltd.

‘Shamgiri’, Agra Road, Opp. Swagat Lodge, Deopur,

DHULE: 424005

Contact: Anurag: +91 9422751995 [email protected]

Thank You.CONTACT:

Dr. Ajay Chandak.Ph.D (Solar/Mech), M.Tech (IIT Bombay)

Shamgiri, Agra Road, Opp. Swagat Lodge,

Deopur, DHULE- 424 005, MHDeopur, DHULE- 424 005, MH

CELL: +91-9823033344

Email: [email protected]

Documents

By: Prof. Dr. Ajay Chandak. - Ashrae Mumbaiashraemumbai.org/Waste to Energy - Dr. Chandak.pdfMajor Issue in waste management in India • Waste treatment methodology: Most of us do