BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE HANDBOOK 1 · Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained IAW Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363,

BY ORDER OF THE AIR FORCE HANDBOOK 1 SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE

1 OCTOBER 2017

AIRMAN

ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available for downloading or ordering on the e-Publishing Web site at http://www.e-publishing.af.mil/.

RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication

OPR: AETC/A3/AADD Certified by: HQ USAF/A1 (GINA M. GROSSO, Lt Gen, USAF)

Supersedes: AFH1, 1 October 2015 Pages: 574

This handbook implements AFPD 36-22, Air Force Military Training. Information in this handbook is primarily from Air Force publications and contains a compilation of policies, procedures, and standards that guide Airmens actions within the Profession of Arms. This handbook applies to the Regular Air Force, Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard. This handbook contains the basic information Airmen need to understand the professionalism required within the Profession of Arms. Attachment 1 contains references and supporting information used in this publication.

This handbook is the sole source reference for the development of study guides to support the enlisted promotion system. Enlisted Airmen will use these study guide to prepare for their Promotion Fitness Examination (PFE) or United States Air Force Supervisory Examination (USAFSE). These study guides are available at www.studyguides.af.mil. Send recommendations for changes, additions, or deletions to this handbook to HQ AETC/A3 Airman Advancement Division (AAD), Professional Development Branch (AAD/AADD), 1550 5th Street East, Randolph AFB TX 78150-4449; DSN 487-4075; AAD/AADD Workflow email: [email protected]. This publication may not be supplemented or further implemented or extended.

Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained IAW Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of IAW Air Force Records Information Management System (AFRIMS) Records Disposition Schedule (RDS). The use of the name or mark of any specific manufacturer, commercial product, commodity, or service in this publication does not imply endorsement by the Air Force.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

There are several minor updates within this edition of the Air Force Handbook 1, AIRMAN. The first major changes are the complete revision of chapters 5, 11, and 25. The second major change is the revision of the section Doctrine within chapter 4. The final major change involves the major revision of the section enlisted force structure within chapter 9. This publication was substantially revised by 125 Air Force level subject matter experts (SME) and must be completely reviewed.

Forward............................................................................................................................................................. 17

Chapter 1AIR FORCE HERITAGE 19 Section 1AOverview 19 1.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Section 1BDawn of Flight, Early Days of Aviation, First Air War and the 1920s and 1930s Airpower 19 1.2. The Dawn of Flight ............................................................................................................................. 19 1.3. The Early Days of the United States Army Aviation (1907-1917) ..................................................... 20 1.4. The First Air War ................................................................................................................................ 21 1.5. Controversy and Records, 1920s Airpower ......................................................................................... 23 1.6. Air Corps Tactical School and the Rise of the Bomber (1930s Air Corps) ......................................... 25 Section 1CGeneral Headquarters, Air Corps Prepares for War, and Airpower in World War II 27 1.7. General Headquarters Air Force (1935-1939) ..................................................................................... 28 1.8. The Air Corps Prepares for War .......................................................................................................... 28 1.9. Airpower in World War II: The European Theater ............................................................................. 28

Section 1DTuskegee Airmen, Air War in the Pacific, Air Force Independence, Cold War, and Cuban Missile Crisis 32

1.10. The Tuskegee Airmen ....................................................................................................................... 32 1.11. Air War in the Pacific ........................................................................................................................ 32

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2 1 OCTOBER 2017 AFH1

1.12. Air Force Independence and the Cold War ....................................................................................... 34 1.13. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) .............................................................................................................. 37 Section 1EVietnam, 1961-1973 . 38 1.14. Vietnam, 1961-1973 .......................................................................................................................... 38 1.15. The Post-Vietnam Era and the end of the Cold War ......................................................................... 40 1.16. Desert Storm (The Air Campaign against Iraq, 1900-1991).............................................................. 43 1.17. Operations Provide Relief, Impressive Lift, and Restore HopeSomalia (1992-1994) ................... 44 1.18. Operation Allied Force ...................................................................................................................... 45 1.19. Operations Noble Eagle, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom (Global War on Terrorism) ......... 45

1.20. Historical Perspective ........................................................................................................................ 48 Section 1FAirman Exemplars . 49

1.21. Airman Exemplars ............................................................................................................................. 49 Section 1GMedal of Honor 61

1.22. The Medal of Honor .......................................................................................................................... 61

Chapter 2ENLISTED HISTORY 68 Section 2AOverview 68

2.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 68 Section 2BMilestones of World War I and World War II 68 2.2. Milestones of World War I (1917-1918) ............................................................................................. 68 2.3. Milestones of World War II (1939-1945) ........................................................................................... 68 Section 2CCold War, Berlin Airlift, Korean War, and War in Southeast Asia . 70 2.4. The Cold War (1948-1991) ................................................................................................................. 70 2.5. The Berlin Airlift (1948-1949) ............................................................................................................ 70 2.6. The Korean War (1950-1953) ............................................................................................................. 70 2.7. The War in Southeast Asia (1950-1975) ............................................................................................. 71 Section 2DThe Air War Expands, Vietnamization, Humanitarian Airlift, and Post-Vietnam Conflicts 72 2.8. The Air War Expands (1965-1968) ..................................................................................................... 72 2.9. Vietnamization and Withdrawal (1969-1973).. 72 2.10. Humanitarian Airlift ......................................................................................................................... 73 2.11. Post-Vietnam Conflicts .................................................................................................................... 74 Section 2EGulf War, Military Operations (1991-2003), and Iraq and Afghanistan 75 2.12. Gulf War I (1990) ............................................................................................................................ 75 2.13. Operations Provide Comfort and Northern Watch, Iraq (1991-2003) .............................................. 76 2.14. Operation Southern Watch, Iraq (1992-2003) .................................................................................. 76 2.15. Operations Provide Relief, Impressive Lift, and Restore HopeSomalia (1992-1994) ................ 77 2.16. Operation Uphold Democracy, Haiti (1994) .................................................................................... 77 2.17. Operation Provide Promise, Sarajevo and Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992-1996) ................................. 77

2.18. Operation Deny Flight, Bosnia (1993-1995) .................................................................................... 78 2.19. Operation Allied Force, Kosovo (1999) ........................................................................................... 78 2.20. Operations Noble Eagle and Enduring Freedom .............................................................................. 78 2.21. Operation Anaconda ........................................................................................................................ 79 2.22. Operation Iraqi Freedom .................................................................................................................. 79 2.23. Iraq and Afghanistan ........................................................................................................................ 80 2.24. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 82

Chapter 3ORGANIZATION 83 Section 3AOverview 83 3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 83 Section 3BCommand Authority and Department of Defense 83 3.2. Commander in Chief .......................................................................................................................... 83 3.3. Department of Defense 83 3.4. Secretary of Defense .......................................................................................................................... 83 3.5. Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff .......................................................................................................... 84 3.6. Joint Chiefs of Staff ........................................................................................................................... 84 3.7. Joint Staff ........................................................................................................................................... 84 3.8. Unified Combatant Commands and Combined Commands .............................................................. 84 3.9. Military Departments ......................................................................................................................... 85 Section 3CDepartment of the Air Force 86 3.10. Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 86

AFH1 1 OCTOBER 2017 3 3.11. Primary Functions of the Air Force ................................................................................................. 86 3.12. Secretary of the Air Force ................................................................................................................ 86 3.13. Chief of Staff, United States Air Force ............................................................................................ 86 3.14. Headquarters United States Air Force .............................................................................................. 56 3.15. Air Staff ........................................................................................................................................... 86 3.16. Air National Guard .......................................................................................................................... 87 3.17. Field Units ........................................................................................................................................ 87 3.18. Lower Levels of Command .............................................................................................................. 93 3.19. Air Reserve Component ................................................................................................................... 95 3.20. Civil Air Patrol (CAP)/United States Air Force Auxiliary (AFAUX) ............................................. 95 3.21. Air Force Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (AFJROTC) ....................................................... 96 Section 3DFunctions of Other Services 96 3.22. Common Missions of the Armed Forces of the United States ......................................................... 96 3.23. Functions of the United States Army ............................................................................................... 97 3.24. Functions of the United States Navy and Marine Corps .................................................................. 97 3.25. Functions of the United States Air Force ......................................................................................... 98 3.26. Functions of the United States Coast Guard .................................................................................... 98 3.27. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 98

Chapter 4AIR FORCE DOCTRINE, AIR EXPEDITIONARY FORCE (AEF) AND JOINT FORCE 99 Section 4AOverview 99 4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 99 Section 4BAir Force Doctrine 99 4.2. Uses of Doctrine ................................................................................................................................ 99 4.3. Levels of Airpower Doctrine ............................................................................................................. 100 4.4. Airpower ............................................................................................................................................ 101 4.5. The Airmans Perspective .................................................................................................................. 102 4.6. Principles of Joint Operations ............................................................................................................ 103 4.7. Tenets of Airpower ............................................................................................................................ 107 Section 4CAir Expeditionary Force 109 4.8. Air Expeditionary Force ..................................................................................................................... 109 4.9. Air Expeditionary Force Schedule and Posturing .............................................................................. 111 4.10. Deployment Planning Systems and Tools ........................................................................................ 111 Section 4DThe Joint Force 115 4.11. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 115 4.12. Foundations of Joint Doctrine .......................................................................................................... 115 4.13. Fundamental Principles for Joint Command and Control ................................................................ 115 4.14. Joint Force Organization .................................................................................................................. 116 4.15. Joint Operation Planning .................................................................................................................. 119 Section 4EJoint and Coalition Capabilities 121 4.16. Joint and Coalition Capabilities ....................................................................................................... 121 Section 4FAdaptive Planning and Execution 123 4.17. Adaptive Planning and Execution (APEX) ...................................................................................... 123 4.18. Deliberate and Crisis Action Planning and Execution Segments ..................................................... 124 4.19. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 124

Chapter 5EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 125 Section 5AOverview 125 5.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 125 Section 5BEmergency Management Program and Air Force Incident Management System 125 5.2. Air Force Emergency Management Program ..................................................................................... 125 5.3. The Five Emergency Management Mission Areas ............................................................................ 125 5.4. Air Force Incident Management System ............................................................................................ 126 5.5. Air Force Emergency Management Structure .................................................................................... 126 Section 5CProtective Measures and Response Procedures 127 5.6. Protective Measures ........................................................................................................................... 127 5.7. Air Force Emergency Notification Signals ........................................................................................ 127 5.8. Personnel Sheltering .......................................................................................................................... 127 5.9. Response Procedures.......................................................................................................................... 128


Section 5DNatural Disaster, Man-Made Physical and Technological Hazards 128 5.10. Natural Disasters .............................................................................................................................. 128 5.11. Human Caused Hazards ................................................................................................................... 128 Section 5EEnemy Attack and Terrorist Use of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Weapons 129 5.12. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Hazards .............................................................. 129 5.13. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Threat Agents..................................................... 129 5.14. Enemy Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Attack .................................................... 130 5.15. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Actions ................................................. 130 5.16. Installation Command and Control .................................................................................................. 130 5.17. Individual Protection ........................................................................................................................ 130 5.18. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Incident Management Phases ............................. 131 5.19. Preparedness .................................................................................................................................... 131 5.20. Response .......................................................................................................................................... 133 5.21. Recovery .......................................................................................................................................... 134 5.22. Terrorist Use of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Material ................................... 135 5.23. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 135

Chapter 6STANDARDS OF CONDUCT 136 Section 6AOverview 136 6.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 136 Section 6BLaw of Armed Conflict 136 6.2. Law of Armed Conflict Defined ........................................................................................................ 136 6.3. Law of Armed Conflict Policy ........................................................................................................... 136 6.4. International and Domestic Law ........................................................................................................ 136 6.5. Principles ........................................................................................................................................... 136 6.6. The Protection of War Victims and Classes of Persons ..................................................................... 138 6.7. Military Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 139 6.8. Aircraft and Combat........................................................................................................................... 139 6.9. Enforcing Law of Armed Conflict Rules ........................................................................................... 140 6.10. Reporting Violations ........................................................................................................................ 140 6.11. Rules of Engagement ....................................................................................................................... 140 Section 6CCode of Conduct 141 6.12. Policy ............................................................................................................................................... 141 6.13. Training ............................................................................................................................................ 141 6.14. The Articles of the Code of Conduct ............................................................................................... 141 6.15. Detention of United States Military Personnel in Operations Other than War ................................ 144 Section 6DEveryday Conduct 145 6.16. Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 145 6.17. Policy ............................................................................................................................................... 145 6.18. Ethical Values .................................................................................................................................. 145 6.19. Professional and Unprofessional Relationships ............................................................................... 146 6.20. General Guidelines on Avoiding Unprofessional Relationships Including Fraternization .............. 147 6.21. Consequences of Unprofessional Conduct ....................................................................................... 148 6.22. Responsibilities for Professional Relationships ............................................................................... 148 6.23. Actions in Response to Unprofessional Relationships ..................................................................... 149 6.24. Financial Responsibility ................................................................................................................... 149 Section 6EEthics and Conflict of Interest Prohibitions 150 6.25. Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 150 6.26. Bribery and Graft ............................................................................................................................. 150 6.27. Compensation from Other Sources .................................................................................................. 150 6.28. Additional Pay or Allowance ........................................................................................................... 150 6.29. Commercial Dealings Involving Department of Defense Personnel................................................ 150 6.30. Gifts from Foreign Governments ..................................................................................................... 150 6.31. Contributions or Presents to Superiors ............................................................................................. 151 6.32. Federal Government Resources ....................................................................................................... 151 6.33. Communication Systems .................................................................................................................. 151 6.34. Gambling, Betting, and Lotteries ..................................................................................................... 151 Section 6FPolitical Activities 152 6.35. Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 152

AFH1 1 OCTOBER 2017 5 6.36. Rights ............................................................................................................................................... 152 6.37. Prohibitions ...................................................................................................................................... 152 6.38. Voting .............................................................................................................................................. 152 6.39. Dissident and Protest Activities ....................................................................................................... 153 6.40. Public Statements ............................................................................................................................. 154 6.41. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 154

Chapter 7ENFORCING STANDARDS AND LEGAL ISSUES 155 Section 7AOverview 155 7.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 155 Section 7BAir Force Inspection System 155 7.2. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................... 155 7.3. Philosophy ......................................................................................................................................... 155 7.4. Inspection Types ................................................................................................................................ 155 7.5. Inspection Elements ........................................................................................................................... 156 7.6. Gatekeeper Program ........................................................................................................................... 156 Section 7CInspector General Complaints Program 156 7.7. Program Policy and Mission Focus .................................................................................................... 156 7.8. Installation Inspector General Program.............................................................................................. 157 Section 7DIndividual Standards 159 7.9. Enforcing Individual Standards.......................................................................................................... 159 7.10. Administrative Counseling, Admonitions, and Reprimands ............................................................ 159 7.11. Unfavorable Information File (UIF) ................................................................................................ 160 7.12. Control Roster .................................................................................................................................. 161 7.13. Administrative Demotion of Airmen ............................................................................................... 162 7.14. Administrative Separations .............................................................................................................. 162 Section 7EPunitive Actions 163 7.15. Military Law, a Separate Judicial System ........................................................................................ 163 7.16. Military Jurisdiction in Action ......................................................................................................... 164 7.17. Nonjudicial Punishment Article 15 ............................................................................................... 166 7.18. Types of Courts-Martial ................................................................................................................... 168 7.19. Court-Martial Procedures ................................................................................................................. 168 7.20. Initial Review of Trial Records ........................................................................................................ 170 7.21. Appellate Review ............................................................................................................................. 170 7.22. NCO Military Justice Responsibilities ............................................................................................. 170 Section 7FLegal Issues 170 7.23. Evolution of the Military Justice System ......................................................................................... 170 7.24. Constitutional Underpinnings .......................................................................................................... 171 7.25. Jurisdiction of Military Courts ......................................................................................................... 172 7.26. Commander Involvement ................................................................................................................. 173 7.27. Roles of the Parties in the Adversarial System ................................................................................ 173 7.28. Post-Trial Matters and Appellate Review ........................................................................................ 174 7.29. Punitive Articles ............................................................................................................................... 175 7.30. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 178

Chapter 8MILITARY CUSTOMS, COURTESIES, AND PROTOCOL FOR SPECIAL EVENTS 179 Section 8AOverview 179 8.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 179 Section 8BSymbols 179 8.2. The United States Flag ....................................................................................................................... 179 8.3. Department of the Air Force Seal ...................................................................................................... 185 8.4. Official Air Force Symbol ................................................................................................................. 186 Section 8CProfessional Behavior 187 8.5. Respect for the Flag ........................................................................................................................... 187 8.6. Saluting .............................................................................................................................................. 187 8.7. Military Etiquette ............................................................................................................................... 188 8.8. Courtesies to Other Services .............................................................................................................. 188 8.9. Respect and Recognition .................................................................................................................... 188


Section 8DDrill and Ceremony 189 8.10. Flag Ceremonies .............................................................................................................................. 189 8.11. Air Force Ceremonies ...................................................................................................................... 192 8.12. Special Ceremonies and Events ....................................................................................................... 194 8.13. Drill .................................................................................................................................................. 195 Section 8EHonor Guard, Protocol, Distinguished Visitors, and Military Ceremonies 197 8.14. Base Honor Guard Program ............................................................................................................. 197 8.15. Protocol Defined .............................................................................................................................. 198 8.16. Distinguished Visitors ...................................................................................................................... 198 8.17. General Information ......................................................................................................................... 198 8.18. Order of the Sword ........................................................................................................................... 199 8.19. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 200

Chapter 9THE NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER 201 Section 9AOverview 201 9.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 201 Section 9BThe Enlisted Force Structure 201 9.2. Philosophy ......................................................................................................................................... 201 9.3. Purpose of the Enlisted Force Structure ............................................................................................. 201 9.4. Air Force Leadership Levels .............................................................................................................. 201 9.5. Enlisted Force Structure Tiers, Ranks and Roles ............................................................................... 203 9.6. General Junior Enlisted Airmen Responsibilities .............................................................................. 214 9.7. General NCO Responsibilities ........................................................................................................... 215 9.8. General Senior NCO Responsibilities ................................................................................................ 216 9.9. Enlisted Duty Titles ........................................................................................................................... 217 9.10. Special Enlisted Positions ................................................................................................................ 217 9.11. Developmental Special Duties ......................................................................................................... 219 9.12. Airmanship ....................................................................................................................................... 221 9.13. We Are All Recruiters (WEAR) and Recruiters Assistance (RAP) ................................................. 221 Section 9CEnlisted Professional Military Education 222 9.14. United States Air Force Enlisted Professional Military Education .................................................. 222 9.15. Senior Enlisted Joint PME ............................................................................................................... 224 Section 9DMilitary Ethics 225 9.16. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 225 Section 9EEnlisted Force Development 227 9.17. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 227 9.18. Enlisted Force Development Oversight ........................................................................................... 228 9.19. Enlisted Force Development Tools .................................................................................................. 228 9.20. Institutional Competencies ............................................................................................................... 229 Section 9FThe Profession of Arms: An Airmans Perspective 233 9.21. Americas Guardians ....................................................................................................................... 233 9.22. Professionalism or Profession of Arms ............................................................................................ 233 9.23. The Airmans Perspective ................................................................................................................ 234 9.24. The Warrior Ethos ............................................................................................................................ 234 9.25. Valor ................................................................................................................................................ 235 9.26. Courage ............................................................................................................................................ 235 9.27. Sacrifice ........................................................................................................................................... 236 9.28. Profession of Arms Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 237 Section 9GPersonal Professionalism 237 9.29. Readiness ......................................................................................................................................... 237 9.30. Chief of Staff, United States Air Force Professional Reading Program .......................................... 238 9.31. Core Values ...................................................................................................................................... 238 9.32. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 239

Chapter 10LEADERSHIP 240 Section 10AOverview 240 10.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 240 Section 10BLeadership 240 10.2. The Art and Science of Leadership .................................................................................................. 240 10.3. Leadership Self-Evaluation .............................................................................................................. 241

AFH1 1 OCTOBER 2017 7 10.4. Advice to Leaders ............................................................................................................................ 242 10.5. Air Force Standards ......................................................................................................................... 243 10.6. Leadership Versus Management ...................................................................................................... 244 10.7. Leadership Qualities ........................................................................................................................ 245 10.8. Vision ............................................................................................................................................... 246 10.9. Empowerment .................................................................................................................................. 247 10.10. Learning ......................................................................................................................................... 248 10.11. Dealing with Change ...................................................................................................................... 250 10.12. The Air Force Core Values ............................................................................................................ 250 Section 10CFollowership and Mentoring 252 10.13. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 252 10.14. Importance of Followership ........................................................................................................... 252 10.15. Qualities of Followership ............................................................................................................... 252 10.16. Follower Needs .............................................................................................................................. 253 10.17. Ways to Promote Followership ...................................................................................................... 253 10.18. Mentor Defined .............................................................................................................................. 253 10.19. Mentoring Scope ............................................................................................................................ 253 10.20. Assignment of Mentors .................................................................................................................. 253 10.21. Mentoring Responsibilities ............................................................................................................ 254 10.22. Professional Military Education and Academic Education ............................................................ 254 10.23. Professional Associations .............................................................................................................. 254 10.24. Evaluation and Performance Feedback .......................................................................................... 254 10.25. Promotion Selection ....................................................................................................................... 254 10.26. The Military Assignment System ................................................................................................... 255 10.27. Recognition, Awards, and Decorations .......................................................................................... 255 Section 10DDevelopmental Counseling 255 10.28. Airman Development ..................................................................................................................... 255 10.29. Purpose ........................................................................................................................................... 255 10.30. Leader Responsibilities .................................................................................................................. 255 10.31. The Leader as a Counselor ............................................................................................................. 256 10.32. Leader Counseling Skills ............................................................................................................... 256 10.33. Types of Developmental Counseling ............................................................................................. 257 10.34. Approaches to Counseling ............................................................................................................. 257 10.35. The Counseling Process ................................................................................................................. 258 10.36. Leveraging Diversity...................................................................................................................... 259 Section 10EFull Range Leadership Development (FRLD) 260 10.37. Full Range Leadership Development ............................................................................................. 260 Section 10FMentorship 262 10.38. Essential Principles ........................................................................................................................ 262 10.39. The Mentoring Process .................................................................................................................. 262 Section 10GStrategic Leadership 263 10.40. Definition of Strategic Leadership ................................................................................................. 263 10.41. Components of Strategic Leadership ............................................................................................. 264 10.42. Strategic Leadership ...................................................................................................................... 264 10.43. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 264

Chapter 11OFFICER AND ENLISTED EVALUATION SYSTEMS AND CIVILIAN PERFORMANCE PROGRAM 265 Section 11AOverview 265 11.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 265 Section 11BGeneral Considerations (Officer and Enlisted Evaluation Systems) 265 11.2. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................. 265 11.3. Forms Used ...................................................................................................................................... 265 11.4. General Guidelines ........................................................................................................................... 266 11.5. Evaluator Requirements ................................................................................................................... 267 11.6. Responsibilities ................................................................................................................................ 270 11.7. Rater/Ratee Accountability .............................................................................................................. 272 Section 11CPerformance Feedback 276 11.8. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................. 276


11.9. Responsibilities ................................................................................................................................ 276 11.10. Who Requires an Airman Comprehensive Assessment (ACA) ..................................................... 277 11.11. Guidance for Conducting ACA Sessions ....................................................................................... 277 11.12. When to Hold Documented ACA Sessions .................................................................................... 277 11.13. The ACA Notice ............................................................................................................................ 277 11.14. Which ACA Form to Use ............................................................................................................... 278 11.15. Preparing the ACA Worksheet....................................................................................................... 279 Section 11DCivilian Performance Evaluation 280 11.16. Civilian Performance Appraisal Program ...................................................................................... 280 11.17. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 280

Chapter 12TRAINING AND EDUCATION 281 Section 12AOverview 281 12.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 281 Section 12BTraining Management 281 12.2. Education and Training Purpose ...................................................................................................... 281 12.3. Strategy ............................................................................................................................................ 281 12.4. Training and Mission Accomplishment ........................................................................................... 281 12.5. Training and Airman Career Program .............................................................................................. 281 12.6. Training Components ....................................................................................................................... 281 12.7. Upgrade Training ............................................................................................................................. 281 12.8. Retraining Program .......................................................................................................................... 282 12.9. Training Responsibilities ................................................................................................................. 282 12.10. Training Forms and Documents ..................................................................................................... 283 12.11. Career Development Course Program Management ...................................................................... 284 Section 12CCommunity College of the Air Force 285 12.12. Community College of the Air Force ............................................................................................. 285 12.13. Professional Credentials and Credentialing Programs ................................................................... 287 12.14. Air Force Virtual Education Center ............................................................................................... 289 Section 12DEducation 289 12.15. Educational Financial Assistance ................................................................................................... 289 12.16. College Credit by Examination ...................................................................................................... 290 12.17. Enlisted-to-Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) Program .................................................... 290 12.18. Air Force Educational Leave of Absence Program ........................................................................ 290 12.19. Commissioning Programs .............................................................................................................. 290 12.20. Air university Associate-to-Baccalaureate Cooperative Program (AU-ABC) ............................... 291 12.21. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 292

Chapter 13RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 293 Section 13AOverview 293 13.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 293 Section 13BTraits of a Healthy Team 293 13.2. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 293 13.3. Trust ................................................................................................................................................. 293 13.4. Ethical Behavior ............................................................................................................................... 293 13.5. Sharing Information ......................................................................................................................... 294 13.6. Critical Judgment ............................................................................................................................. 294 13.7. Cooperation ...................................................................................................................................... 294 13.8. Healthy Team Spirit Summary......................................................................................................... 294 Section 13CManaging Resources Other Than Personnel 295 13.9. Resource Management System ........................................................................................................ 295 13.10. Effective Use of Government Property .......................................................................................... 296 13.11. Financial Management ................................................................................................................... 296 13.12. Fraud, Waste, and Abuse ............................................................................................................... 296 13.13. Air Force Environmental Commitment.......................................................................................... 298 Section 13DPlanning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution 300 13.14. Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution Philosophy ................................................... 300 13.15. Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution Process ......................................................... 300 13.16. Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution Summary ...................................................... 301

AFH1 1 OCTOBER 2017 9 Section 13EManpower Management and Competitive Sourcing 301 13.17. Manpower Resources ..................................................................................................................... 301 13.18. Chain of Responsibilities ............................................................................................................... 301 13.19. Manpower Resource Levels ........................................................................................................... 301 13.20. Requirements Determination ......................................................................................................... 301 13.21. Unit Manpower Document ............................................................................................................. 303 13.22. Manpower Management for Senior Leaders .................................................................................. 303 13.23. Initiating and Tracking Manpower Changes .................................................................................. 304 13.24. Manpower and Organization Flight ............................................................................................... 305 13.25. Commercial Services Management ................................................................................................ 305 13.26. Competitive Sourcing Process ....................................................................................................... 306 13.27. In-sourcing ..................................................................................................................................... 306 13.28. Responsibilities .............................................................................................................................. 307 Section 13FGovernment Property and Equipment 307 13.29. General Responsibilities ................................................................................................................ 307 13.30. Property Accounting ...................................................................................................................... 307 13.31. Report of Survey ............................................................................................................................ 307 Section 13GFacility Management 309 13.32. Installation Commander Responsibilities ....................................................................................... 309 13.33. Responsibilities of the Using Organization .................................................................................... 309 13.34. Base Civil Engineer Squadron Responsibilities ............................................................................. 309 13.35. Planning and Programming Facility Projects ................................................................................. 310 13.36. Real Property Records ................................................................................................................... 310 Section 13HEnergy Conservation Program 310 13.37. Air Force Need for Program .......................................................................................................... 310 13.38. Air Force Compliance with Policy ................................................................................................. 311 13.39. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 311

Chapter 14COMMUNICATING IN TODAYS AIR FORCE 312 Section 14AOverview 312 14.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 312 Section 14BThe Principles and Seven Steps for Effective Communication 312 14.2. Principles of Effective Communication ........................................................................................... 312 14.3. Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 313 14.4. Step 1Analyze Purpose and Audience ......................................................................................... 313 14.5. Step 2Research Your Topic .......................................................................................................... 314 14.6. Step 3Support Your Ideas ............................................................................................................. 315 14.7. Step 4Organize and Outline .......................................................................................................... 315 14.8. Step 5Draft ................................................................................................................................... 316 14.9. Step 6Edit the Draft ...................................................................................................................... 318 14.10. Step 7Fight for Feedback and Get Approval .............................................................................. 318 Section 14CWriting 319 14.11. Common Writing Formats ............................................................................................................. 319 14.12. Writing AccomplishmentImpact Bullet Statements ................................................................... 322 Section 14DFace-to-Face: Speaking and Listening 323 14.13. Air Force Speaking ........................................................................................................................ 323 14.14. Effective Listening ......................................................................................................................... 324 Section 14EElectronic Communications and the Internet 325 14.15. Email .............................................................................................................................................. 325 14.16. Identity Management ..................................................................................................................... 325 14.17. Defense Message System ............................................................................................................... 325 14.18. Air Force Organizational Messaging ............................................................................................. 326 14.19. Individual Responsibilities ............................................................................................................. 326 14.20. Privacy Act Information ................................................................................................................. 326 14.21. E-mail Protocol .............................................................................................................................. 326 14.22. The Internet .................................................................................................................................... 328 Section 14FConducting an Effective Interview 329 14.23. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 329 14.24. Post-Interview Actions ................................................................................................................... 332


14.25. Interview Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 333 Section 14GStaff-Level Communication 333 14.26. Spoken Communication via the Meeting ....................................................................................... 333 Section 14HInstruments of Written Communication 335 14.27. Bullet Background Paper ............................................................................................................... 335 14.28. AF IMT 1768, Staff Summary Sheet .............................................................................................. 335 14.29. Electronic Staff Summary .............................................................................................................. 335 14.30. Trip Report ..................................................................................................................................... 335 14.31. Staff Study Report .......................................................................................................................... 335 14.32. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 336

Chapter 15PERSONNEL PROGRAMS 337 Section 15AOverview 337 15.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 337 Section 15BEnlisted Assignments 337 15.2. General Information ......................................................................................................................... 337 15.3. Assignment Authority ...................................................................................................................... 337 15.4. Assignment Policy and Procedures .................................................................................................. 338 Section 15CFamily Care 343 15.5. Policy ............................................................................................................................................... 343 15.6. Members Who Must Have a Family Care Plan ................................................................................ 343 15.7. Family Care Plans ............................................................................................................................ 343 15.8. Who Must Document Their Family Care Plan on the Air Force Form 357 ..................................... 343 15.9. When to Implement the Family Care Plan ....................................................................................... 344 15.10. Duty Deferments ............................................................................................................................ 344 Section 15DReenlistment and Retraining Opportunities 344 15.11. Selective Reenlistment Program .................................................................................................... 344 15.12. Enlistment Extensions .................................................................................................................... 345 15.13. High Year Tenure........................................................................................................................... 345 15.14. Selective Retention Bonus ............................................................................................................. 346 15.15. Career Job Reservation Program .................................................................................................... 346 15.16. Air Force Retraining Program ........................................................................................................ 347 Section 15EBenefits and Services 347 15.17. Veterans Affairs Benefits ............................................................................................................... 347 15.18. Retirement Benefits........................................................................................................................ 349 15.19. Survivor Benefit Plan ..................................................................................................................... 349 15.20. Airman and Family Readiness Center ............................................................................................ 351 15.21. American Red Cross ...................................................................................................................... 352 Section 15FPersonnel Records and Individual Rights 354 15.22. Personal Information File ............................................................................................................... 354 15.23. The Privacy Act ............................................................................................................................. 354 15.24. Freedom of Information Act .......................................................................................................... 355 15.25. Air Force Board for Correction of Military Records...................................................................... 355 15.26. Air Force Discharge Review Board ............................................................................................... 356 15.27. The Virtual Military Personnel Flight ............................................................................................ 357 Section 15GAwards and Decorations 357 15.28. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 357 15.29. Awards ........................................................................................................................................... 357 15.30. Decorations .................................................................................................................................... 359 Section 15HAirman Promotion System 359 15.31. Objective ........................................................................................................................................ 359 15.32. Promotion Quotas .......................................................................................................................... 360 15.33. Promotion Cycles and General Eligibility Requirements .............................................................. 360 15.34. Promotion Ineligibility ................................................................................................................... 360 15.35. Promotion Sequence Numbers ....................................................................................................... 360 15.36. Accepting Promotion ..................................................................................................................... 360 15.37. Declining Promotion ...................................................................................................................... 362 15.38. Professional Military Education Completion ................................................................................. 362 15.39. Promotion by Grade ....................................................................................................................... 363

AFH1 1 OCTOBER 2017 11 15.40. Weighted Airmen Promotion System Testing................................................................................ 365 15.41. Study Materials .............................................................................................................................. 367 15.42. Promotion Test Development ........................................................................................................ 368 15.43. Promotion Test Administration and Scoring .................................................................................. 368 15.44. Air Force Enlisted Promotion Test Compromise ........................................................................... 369 15.45. Supplemental Promotion Actions .................................................................................................. 369 15.46. Occupational Analysis Program ..................................................................................................... 369 Section 15ISNCO Promotion Program 371 15.47. Individual Responsibility ............................................................................................................... 371 15.48. Promotion Criteria.......................................................................................................................... 371 15.49. Evaluation Board ........................................................................................................................... 374 15.50. Evaluation Process ......................................................................................................................... 375 15.51. Supplemental Promotion Actions .................................................................................................. 376

15.52. Weighted Airman Promotion System Testing ................................................................................ 377 Section 15JCivilian Personnel Management and Programs 378 15.53. Civilian Personnel Services ........................................................................................................... 378 15.54. Civilian Resource Management ..................................................................................................... 378 15.55. Job Descriptions ............................................................................................................................. 379 15.56. Filling Jobs ..................................................................................................................................... 379 15.57. Training and Development ............................................................................................................. 380 15.58. Performance, Conduct, and Discipline ........................................................................................... 381 15.59. Working Conditions ....................................................................................................................... 382 15.60. Unions in the Air Force .................................................................................................................. 383 15.61. Dispute Resolution ......................................................................................................................... 384 15.62. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 384

Chapter 16WING SUPPORT 385 Section 16AOverview 385 16.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 385 Section 16BAir Force Portal 385 16.2. Air Force Portal Simplifies Access .................................................................................................. 385 Section 16CMilitary Pay, Allowances, and Entitlements 385 16.3. Military Pay and Allowances ........................................................................................................... 385 16.4. Military Allowances and Entitlements ............................................................................................. 386 16.5. Special and Incentive Pay ................................................................................................................ 387 16.6. Deductions ....................................................................................................................................... 387 16.7. Military Pay Schedules .................................................................................................................... 388 16.8. Permanent Change of Station Allowances ....................................................................................... 389 16.9. Temporary Duty Entitlements .......................................................................................................... 390 16.10. The Government Travel Charge Card Program ............................................................................. 391 16.11. The United States Air Force Uniformed Thrift Savings Plan ........................................................ 393 Section 16DLeave Management 393 16.12. Policy ............................................................................................................................................. 393 16.13. Accruing Leave .............................................................................................................................. 394 16.14. Special Leave Accrual ................................................................................................................... 394 16.15. Beginning and Ending Leave ......................................................................................................... 394 16.16. Extension of Leave......................................................................................................................... 395 16.17. Recall from Leave .......................................................................................................................... 395 16.18. Types of Leave ............................................................................................................................... 395 16.19. Regular and Special Passes ............................................................................................................ 396 16.20. Permissive Temporary Duty .......................................................................................................... 397 16.21. Post-Deployment/Mobilization Respite Absence .......................................................................... 397 16.22. Program Administration ................................................................................................................. 398 Section 16EEqual Opportunity 398 16.23. Equal Opportunity Policy ............................................................................................................... 398 16.24. Equal Opportunity Program Objectives ......................................................................................... 398 16.25. Unlawful Discrimination ................................................................................................................ 399 16.26. Sexual Harassment ......................................................................................................................... 399 16.27. Military Equal Opportunity Complaint Process ............................................................................. 399


16.28. Civilian Complaint Process ............................................................................................................ 400 16.29. Equal Opportunity and Treatment Incident .................................................................................... 401 Section 16FLegal Services 401 16.30. Legal Office ................................................................................................................................... 401 16.31. Personal Legal Readiness ............................................................................................................... 401 16.32. Complaints of Wrongs Under Article 138, Uniform Code of Military Justice .............................. 402 Section 16GGround Safety 404 16.33. Mishap Prevention Program ........................................................................................................... 404 16.34. Human Factors ............................................................................................................................... 405 16.35. Accountability ................................................................................................................................ 406 16.36. Occupational Safety Program ........................................................................................................ 407 16.37. Hazard Identification and Reporting .............................................................................................. 407 16.38. Traffic Safety ................................................................................................................................. 408 Section 16HRisk Management 408 16.39. Definition ....................................................................................................................................... 408 Section 16ISexual Assault 415 16.40. Air Force Policies and Procedures for Prevention of and Response to Sexual Assault ................. 415 16.41. Installation Sexual Assault Response Coordinator ....................................................................... 415 16.42. Victim Advocate ............................................................................................................................ 415 16.43. Reporting Options .......................................................................................................................... 416 16.44. Special Victims Counsel ............................................................................................................... 416 16.45. Response to an Allegation of Sexual Assault ................................................................................. 416 16.46. Reporting Option Eligibility .......................................................................................................... 416 16.47. Restricted Reports .......................................................................................................................... 417 16.48. Receiving a Restricted Report ........................................................................................................ 417 16.49. Notification to Command of a Restricted Report ........................................................................... 417 16.50. Unrestricted Reports ...................................................................................................................... 417 16.51. Use of Information ......................................................................................................................... 418

16.52. Addressing Victim Collateral Misconduct in Sexual Assault Cases .............................................. 418 16.53. Prevention and Response for the Deployed Environment .............................................................. 418 16.54. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 418

Chapter 17DRESS AND APPEARANCE 419 Section 17AOverview 419 17.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 419 Section 17BIndividual Responsibilities 419 17.2. When to Wear the Uniform .............................................................................................................. 419 17.3. Uniform Wear Restrictions .............................................................................................................. 419 17.4. Personal Grooming Standards .......................................................................................................... 420 17.5. Tattoos and Brands .......................................................................................................................... 420 17.6. Body Piercing................................................................................................................................... 421 Section 17CUniform and Accessory Standards 421 17.7. Mess Dress Uniform ........................................................................................................................ 421 17.8. Service Dress Uniform ..................................................................................................................... 422 17.9. Service Uniform ............................................................................................................................... 423 17.10. Flight Cap....................................................................................................................................... 424

17.11. Hosiery (Women) ........................................................................................................................... 424 17.12. Footwear ......................................................................................................................................... 425 17.13. ABUs .............................................................................................................................................. 425 17.14. Physical Training Uniform and Improved Physical Training Uniform .......................................... 426 17.15. Accessory Standards ....................................................................................................................... 426 17.16. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 426

Chapter 18FIT FORCE 427 Section 18AOverview 427 18.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 427 Section 18BPhysical Fitness and Fitness Components 427 18.2. Physical Fitness, Optimal Performance and Mission Readiness ...................................................... 427 18.3. Physical Fitness ................................................................................................................................ 427 18.4. Aerobic Fitness ................................................................................................................................ 427

AFH1 1 OCTOBER 2017 13 18.5. Muscular Strength and Endurance Training ..................................................................................... 428 18.6. Flexibility Training .......................................................................................................................... 429 18.7. Body Composition ........................................................................................................................... 429 18.8. Warm-up and Cool Down ................................................................................................................ 430 18.9. Unit Physical Fitness Training Program .......................................................................................... 430 18.10. Physical Fitness Standard ............................................................................................................... 430 18.11. Physical Fitness Assessment .......................................................................................................... 431 18.12. Assessment Procedures .................................................................................................................. 432 18.13. Ongoing Education and a Supportive Environment ....................................................................... 432 18.14. Unit Key Players ....................................................................