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By Noelia Villafañe
I must study
harder if I want to pass the
test
She must eat salad to lose some
weight I must help
my mum with the
housework
Students have to
wear uniforms in this school
He has to
put his seatbelt
Do you have to get your hair cut to
join the army?
People mustn’t drink alcohol if they are going
to drive
You mustn’t jump a red
light
You mustn’t park here
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING
PROHIBITIONPROHIBITION
He doesn’t have to make his bed. His
mum does it for him
You don’t need o water the plants everyday. It is enough to do it every four days
YOU needn’t do the
washing up. Those plates
are clean.
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING LACK OF OBLIGATIONLACK OF OBLIGATION
1. You ……………………… (mustn’t / don’t have to) drive a car if you don’t have a driving license. 2. They ………………….. (don’t have to/must) be quiet in class3. In France, you ………………… (have to /mustn’t ) drive on the right4. He …....… (doesn’t have to/must) pay for the tickets. They are free5. John……………………..(has to /mustn’t) wear a tie at work.6. People ………………….. (must /mustn’t ) their teeth after every meal if they want to prevent tooth decay7. You …………………..(mustn’t / don’t have to) wash the car. Mum did it early in the morning8. Students ……………(mustn’t / don’t have to) run along the corridor9. When you enter a new country, you …………………….(have to / don’t have to) show your passport
She likes studying Law. She may / might become a
lawyer some day
We could win the next match
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING PROBABILITYPROBABILITY
I CAN see the beach from this window
They CAN’t get on the bus. It’s full
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY AND ABILITYPOSSIBILITY AND ABILITY
He CAN play the guitar.
She CAN’t draw very well.
CAN birds fly?Yes, they can
When I went to nursery , I COULDN’T count up to 40.
He COULD run very fast when he was young
COULD you speak when you were one?
Yes, I couldNo, I couldn’t
I COULDN’T watch
TV yesterday
Future - WILL BE ABLE TO Present Perfect - HAVE/ HAS BEEN ABLE TOFuture - WILL BE ABLE TO Present Perfect - HAVE/ HAS BEEN ABLE TO
She HAS BEEN ABLE TO pass all her exams
I will BE ABLE TO reach the shelf when I
grow up
He will BE ABLE TO
improve his English
I HAVEN’T BEEN ABLE TO write the
letter
1. In the future we ____________ use robots to do the housework
a. could b. can c. will be able to
2. She ………………… come tomorrow (-) a. can’t b. won’t be able to c. couldn’t
3. A hundred years ago, we _________ send spaceships to other planets.
a. could b. couldn’t a. can
4. For three days, I haven’t ______________ speak to him on the phone
a. been able to b. could c. can
4. In the Bronze Age, families ______ go to the cinema or to a restaurant.
a. could b. couldn’t a. can
1. When my grandmother was young, she ……………. surf
the Internet, but she ……….. make beautiful pottery
jars and vases
2. After treatment he ………………. to return to work
3. The fire spread quickly but everyone …………… escape
4. Lora …………..play the violin very well now, but with
practice and effort, she ………. improve a lot.
5. She ……………………… lose weight with a new diet
6. He used to ……………………. climb mountains when he
was young.
7. I haven’t …………………………. sleep well recently
Can I borrow your
pencil?
Could I open the
window?
May I make a
suggestion?
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING
PERMISSIONPERMISSIONCAN I….?CAN I….?
COULD I…?COULD I…?MAY I….?MAY I….?
You left your mobile phone at home. You want
to call your mother.
You have a terrible
headache. And your brother is
listening to music loudly
Your friend borrowed some money and he didn’t give it
back.
You’re a tourist in Rome. Ask somebody to
take a photo of you.
You’re feeling ill. You want to take
a day off from work
It’s cold and the fan is on
When we want to say that some things are permitted
or not (laws or rules), we use can(’t) or be (not)
allowed to.
You can/are allowed to drive a car in America if
you are 16. (That’s the law.)
I can’t/am not allowed to go to bed after 10,30
I was allowed to
play football last week
She won’t be allowed to go
out next weekend.
She’s punished.
I haven’t been
allowed to go to the
party
And how And how about about you?you?
And how And how about about you?you?
•watch late-night movies?•get a tattoo?•keep a pet at home?• spend hours on Internet?•go on holidays with friends?•wear what you want?•stay out until after twelve on Saturday night?
I’ve had no sleep for 22 hours – “You must be exhausted”.
“ It must be my mother “
He must be French
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING LOGICAL DEDUCTION/LOGICAL DEDUCTION/
CERTAINTYCERTAINTY
Peter can’t be from Rome. He doesn’t speak Italian
A: There’s someone at the door. I think it’s Bill. B. It can’t be Bill. He’s on holidays
Pam is only in her forties. She can’t be retired
1. Nobody’s answering and there are no lights. They ______ (can’t/must) be out
2. Don’t be long. The bus ____________ (can’t/may) be here any minute
3. He’s been working 12 hours a day. He ____ (must/could) be exhausted
4. Take jacket! It ________________ ( must / might) be cold later.
5. Dad is late for lunch. He _________ (could / can’t) be caught in traffic.
6. She _________ (can’t/could) owe you money. She’s very rich7. The teacher ________ (could / can’t) punish you if you use
your mobile
8. I _________ (can’t/might) go to Lisbon next August but I’m not sure yet.
9. Tomorrow’s test _______ (can’t/might) be quite easy. You never know
10.He _______ (could/can’t) be Spanish, judging by his accent
11.We ____________( might / can’t) get married in August but we are not sure yet
12.My parents _______ (may/must) be away for the weekend but I’m not sure
13.Marta is really beautiful. She ________(might /can’t ) become a model.
14.Dad ______( must/might) lend you the car if you ask him.15.A heavy smoker ______( could / can’t) stop smoking if he
has enough determination
You SHOULD / OUGHT TO take an umbrella. It might rain
She SHOULDN’T / OUGHT NOT TO eat too much chocolate SHOULD he visit
the doctor?
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSINGMODAL VERBS EXPRESSINGADVICEADVICE
I’d better go to bed. I have a meeting first thing in the morning
You’d better hurry up or you’ll miss the bus.
He doesn’t look well. He’d better not go to work tomorrow
Thank you for your attention!