BY: NEIL DALAL PD. 7

Political and Economic Change in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

2

Introduction

Gradualism-->Strong TraditionsKing-->Parliament (William the Conqueror in 1066)Growing Power of Parliament

Magna Carta (1215) English Civil War (1642-51) Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights (1688/9)

Sources of Change Industrial Revolution (18th-20th Century) Imperialism (1815-1914) World Wars (1939-1945) Economic Crisis of 1970s

3

Industrial Revolution (18th-20th Century)

Middle Class and Laborers included in Parliament

Extension of Voting Rights19th Century Work and Welfare ReformsPolitical Effects of the Extension of Rights

House of Commons>Lords Political Parties based on Class Lines Demand for Welfare Measures Pressured Political

Change

4

Effects of WWII and Challenges

Churchill United (1940-5) Compromise Modern Welfare System

Beveridge Report (1942)

Turmoil Decline in Economy Political Division

Socialist vs. Pure Market

Recovery after Moderation in 1990s

5

Economic Crisis of the 1970’s

Declining Industrial Production and InfluenceLoss of Colonies (1945-97)OPEC Embargo (1973)RecessionLabor Union Demands

6

Margaret Thatcher (1979-90)

Blame on Socialist PoliciesChanges

Privatized Cut Back on Welfare Strengthened Defense Tough on Labor Unions Return to Market Economy

Critics Opposed

7

Tony Blair (1997-2007)

Moderation (John Major)Labour Party’s ReturnBlair’s “New Labour” Party

“Third Way”Northern Ireland Peace Process

Good Friday Agreement (1996)War on Terror

Afghanistan (2001) Iraq (2003)

8

Gordon Brown (2007-10) and David Cameron

Growth Ends (Recession)Shifting of PowersCoalition GovernmentEU Membership

9

Represents the income distribution of a nation's residents

Proportion of the total income of the population (y-axis) that is earned by the bottom x% of the population

Gini Index

Tax Rates Over Time

Conse

rvativ

e

Labou

r

11

Government Owned Corporations

Corporations Nationalized Privatized

British Broadcasting Company  1927 2004

British Airways 1939 1987

British Steel 1967 1988

Rolls-Royce 1971 1973

British Petroleum 1974 1977, 1979, 1981, 1987

British Aerospace 1977 1981, 1985

British Telecom (General Post Office) 1981 1984, 1991, 1993

National Health Service 1948 N/A

12

Globalization and Fragmentation

International Integration

Opposing Viewpoints