By Mrs. Suthimol Kessomboon - Homepage | ESCAP · (Total Capacity 3.408 mil m3/d) 96% of WW generation •Construction Cost 71,033 mil B •O&M Cost 1,190 mil. Baht/year ~33.48 mil

By Mrs. Suthimol Kessomboon Deputy Director General of Department of Drainage and Sewerage

Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

• Bangkok : Area 1,568.74 km2 (Inner 266.77, Middle 426.20, Outer 875.77)

• Population : Register Population 5.69 million (2015) • Surface Water: Canal 1,682 canals Length 2,604 km • Chao Praya River 372 km (Total Length) Bangkok 35 km • Source of Water Supply to Bangkok and vicinity:

Upstream of Chao Praya River at Sam Lae,Pathum Thani • Water Consumption (2015) : 2.54 mil.m3/day

NONTHABURI

PATHUMTHANI

SAMUT PRAKAN

SAMUT SONGKRAM

BANGKOK

THAILAND BANGKOK MAP

2

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Thailand_Bangkok_locator_map.svg

http://www.google.co.th/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM282cnz9cgCFc1tjgodpOwBGw&url=http://www.goway.com/travel-information/asia/thailand/country-quickfacts/&psig=AFQjCNERzWOKyieybZmiL49zbkSDoNNXMg&ust=1446696764205181

• 300 Sampling Points in 165 major canals and 9 Sampling Points in Chao Praya River

• The BOD and DO of 300 sampling points are highly polluted about 70%

• Major Sources of Wastewater 1. Domestic 75%

2. Industry 20% 3. Agriculture 5%

Water Quality Monitoring Program in Bangkok

75%

20%

5%

300 Sampling Points

Domestic Agriculture Industrial

BOD (2016)

0-4 mg/l (5 points)

>4-10 mg/l (69 points)

10-15 mg/l (93 points)

15-55 mg/l (133points)

DO (2016)

>3 mg/l (70 points)

2-<3 mg/l (50 points)

1-<2 mg/l (59 points)

<1 mg/l (121 points)

3

4

1. Central Wastewater treatment System

2. Community Wastewater treatment System

3. Cluster Wastewater treatment System

4. Onsite Wastewater treatment System

Bangna WWTP

Bangsue WWTP Anaerobic Filter

BMA

Base on the regulation “the Building Control Act, B.E. 2522 (1979)”

Septic Tank

Wastewater Treatment System

15 WWTPs in Future Plan Bangsue EECC 1. Year of operation : August 2014 2. Service Area: 20.7km2

3. Population 223,990 4. Capacity120,000m3/d

4 WWTPs Implementation 8 WWTPs under O&M

• Capacity 0.665 mil m3/d (Total Capacity 1.777 mil m3/d) • 71% of WW generation • Construction Cost 34,170 mil B • O&M Cost 485 mil. Baht/year (~13.65 mil. USD)

• Capacity 1.631 mil m3/d (Total Capacity 3.408 mil m3/d) • 96% of WW generation • Construction Cost 71,033 mil B • O&M Cost 1,190 mil. Baht/year (~33.48 mil. USD)

Wastewater 2.54 mil m3/d

Wastewater 2.54 mil m3/d

Future Wastewater 3.55 mil m3/d

Year 2015

Year 2022

Year 2040

• Capacity 1.112 mil m3/d • 45% of WW generation • Construction Cost 26,578 mil B • O&M Cost 612 mil. Baht/year (~17.22 mil. USD)

Remark : Exchange rate 35.542 Bath = 1 USD (November 2016) 5

Existing Project and Future Plan

• In 2016, ~6% of treated water is reused for

several purposes such as planting, cleaning the

road and market

6 Cleaning the road

Planting

Cleaning the road

Planting

Treated Wastewater Reuse

• Digested Sludge from WWTPs used as raw material for composting and then mainly provide to BMA public park

• In 2016, about 11,679 m3 of sludge compost has been used

Sirikit Park

Thonburirom Park

0 5,000 10,000 15,000

2549

2550

2551

2552

2553

2554

2555

2556

2557

2558

2559

979

5,320

9,673

5,193

7,625

10,713

10,439

15,340

9,181

16,421

13,750

281

3,689

9,431

5,201

7,609

8,473

10,507

12,946

10,304

13,153

11,679

ปุ๋ ยหมกัที่แจกจา่ย

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

Used

Produced

Sludge for Land Application

7

“Service-Pay-Principle”

2

3 4

5

6

7 8

1

Nong Khaem Bang Khae

Phasi Charoen

Tung Kru

Rat Burana Chom Thong

Pom Prap Sattru Phai Phra Nakhon

Samphanthawong

Chatuchak

Bangsue

Huai Khwang

Dindaeng Phaya Thai Dusit

Ratchathewi

Pathum Wan

Yannawa

Bang Kho Laem

Sathon

Bang Rak

5. Tung Kru WWTP

6. Din Daeng WWTP

7. Chatu Chak WWTP

8. Bangsue EECC

“Polluter-Pay-Principle”

• Principle of Wastewater Tariff in Bangkok

No. of District 21

Area Coverage (m2) 212.74

8

1. Si Phraya WWTP

2. Rattanakosin WWTP

3. Chong Non Si WWTP

4. Nong Khaem WWTP

Wastewater Tariff

http://www.google.co.th/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwiC9-DG5bvQAhWJvo8KHYL6CNIQjRwIBw&url=http://kingofwallpapers.com/money.html&psig=AFQjCNHgTevV5KnRizHUyjsaEJHo8E9w7w&ust=1479884492309102

1. Household > 10 𝐦𝟑/month

Fix cost = 30 Baht/month

2. Government Sector, Real Estate, Office, Religion Place, Foundation, Education Organization, Hospital and Clinic

• <500 𝐦𝟑/month = 500 Baht/month • 500 – 1,000 = 1,000 Baht/month • > 1,000 = 1,500 Baht/month

3. Hotel, Industry, Shopping Mall, and Department Store

80% × Water Supply ×4 Baht/𝐦𝟑

9

Propose from Special Committee of

Bangkok Metropolitan Council

https://www.google.co.th/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwjYwJ3w5aXSAhVBNpQKHaSuAJAQjRwIBw&url=https://clipartfest.com/categories/view/cddaaee93dc6c26d4629b588b87e2d9da4a2748e/animated-hospital-clipart.html&psig=AFQjCNHn7a8SMWsGjWaUxbfEQbtob-RHgw&ust=1487924750079984

https://www.google.co.th/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwjo-bLP5qXSAhXKkZQKHUqtDLEQjRwIBw&url=https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-illustration-shopping-center-city-vector-illustration-image45300569&psig=AFQjCNFDHcUSN0Yi4BsMQKNJrQZDnWuROg&ust=1487924931695888

http://www.google.co.th/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjfuI3W5qXSAhWJppQKHaszD94QjRwIBw&url=http://www.hotel-r.net/tr/cartoon-hotel&psig=AFQjCNH8H8sCbAkU6mt391W6fNNzYyhDqQ&ust=1487924896514592

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

10.64 12.72 12.70 13.45 15.59 16.92 14.53 15.82 18.96 18.80 21.53 18.00 19.70 19.58 19.06 29.99 17.65 20.21 20.68 20.71 21.73 20.53 20.40 21.50 21.00 20.09 21.18 22.77 25.31 21.67

56.03 52.14 62.73

109.80 100.32 102.54 101.38 102.65 59.80 52.74 65.53 66.35 60.54

91.05 104.06

76.66

82.39 95.34 102.71 103.97 105.34

63.80 57.24 61.15 63.62 88.00

86.44 85.44 27.97

24.29 24.26 37.03 48.15 51.07

32.21 30.90

32.39 33.56

47.29

47.72 47.48

252.36 211.67 211.73 226.43

224.06

195.56 160.99 159.28

164.40

171.54 175.81

36.34 62.24 77.11

65.49

63.60

69.17 105.64 111.84

110.33

90.40 87.73

27.31

71.06

Mil

lio

n b

ah

t

สี่พระยา รตันโกสินทร ์ ชอ่งนนทรี หนองแขม ทุง่ครุ ดินแดง จตุจกัร บางซ่ือ Dindaeng

The Construction cost to the 8 WWTPs = 26,578 M.b. The Construction cost of WWTPs (2009 – 2015) = 6,449.58 M.b. 10

96.66 82.51

200.28

250.61

544.93 554.85 577.40 587.20

483.92 445.41

467.32 473.82 513.03

559.35

612.31

Sripraya Rattanakosin Chongnonsi Nongkhaem Tungkru Jatujak BangSue

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Operation Cost of BMA Wastewater Treatment Plants

• Education Program

• Selected community especially nearby canal for participation in with strong point of strong leader with their strike rule for water quality control

• Planning • Sharing

• Project • Phase I (2015) 9 communities + 4 canals • Phase II (2016-7) 150 communities+1 canal • Phase III (2018) in planning/ budgeting

11

Community Participation

•Meeting & Discuss & Implementation

• Classify 150 Communities

in 8 districts

• Give Knowledge

• Improving water quality in the Canals by people in their communities

12

Community Participation

1. Most area of Bangkok should be serviced by Wastewater Treatment Facility according to the Master Plan

2. In some certain area, onsite and community wastewater treatment systems should be the alternatives choices

3. By-product from wastewater treatment process such as effluent, sludge and the reuse should be improved in quality and their reuse should be promoted as much as possible

4. Collecting the wastewater tariff is the BMA future plan and should be pushed to practices

13

Challenges

14

Thank You

for

Your Attention

Documents

By Mrs. Suthimol Kessomboon - Homepage | ESCAP · (Total Capacity 3.408 mil m3/d) 96% of WW generation •Construction Cost 71,033 mil B •O&M Cost 1,190 mil. Baht/year ~33.48 mil