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By Mr. Linder
The Reformers
2nd Great Awakening
• The Second Great Awakening – A new interest in religion in the 1820’s and 1830’s in New England & the South.
• Charles Grandison Finney – Leader of the 2nd Great Awakening
• Left career as a lawyer
• Told congregations each individual was responsible for their own salvation!
Charles Grandison Finney
Temperance Movement• Yes – This is about alcohol abuse.
• They believed Americans drank too much!
• Avg. American consumed 7 gallons of Alcohol per year.
• Alcohol abuse = family violence, poverty, criminal behavior.
• Temperance Movement – Effort to urge people to use self-discipline to stop drinking hard liquor.
Alcohol Abuse / Temperance Movement:
Alcohol Facts Today:• An early age of drinking onset is also associated with
alcohol-related violence not only among persons under age 21 but among adults as well.
• It has been estimated that over three million teenagers are out-and-out alcoholics. Several million more have a serious drinking problem that they cannot manage on their own.
• The three leading causes of death for 15- to 24-year-olds are automobile crashes, homicides and suicides -- alcohol is a leading factor in all three.
Prison Reform:• In the 1840’s it was reported that mentally ill
people were often put into jail as criminals.
• Dorothea Dix was a middle-class woman who wanted prison reform.
• In response to Dorothea Dix, Massachusetts built special facilities for mentally ill people.
• Eventually more than 100 hospitals were built!
Dorothea Dix
Dorothea Dix Hospital
Education Reform:• Common-School Movement – The idea that
all children should be taught in a common place regardless of background.
• Horace Mann – The leader of the common-school movement.
• He became 1st secretary of ed. in Mass. He set the standard for education in the U.S.
Horace Mann
Horace Mann School