WORLD WAR I“GOODBYE MEN, HELLO WOMEN.”

By: Emma Hooper

Supporting The War EffortHow did women help the war?

They sent relief supplies to suffering Europeans.

Some women’s groups sent delegations to Europe to provide relief for American soldiers.

U.S. government established The Women’s Committee of the Council of National Defense, headed by suffragist Dr. Anna Shaw, to coordinate war efforts.

Women’s Land Army- (U.S.) Produced foods and goods.

Dr. Anna Shaw

The Home front Since men left their jobs for the war;

women were left to take over those jobs.

Women worked in/as: Housework and domestic jobs U.S. government needed female

workers to replace men’s jobs. Telegraphers and phone operators Railroad companies, ammunition

factories, power machine operators, & naval station shops.

Doctors, lawyers, bankers, & civil servants.

Red Cross- did relief work, trained nurses, & recruiting men who had not enlisted.

Patriotic League- wartime activities, & donating to troops.

YWCA- training girls to replace men in skilled jobs.

Conditions- Women were paid half the wages a man earned. Worked in ,sometimes, dangerous and unhealthy conditions. Few factories & employers offered childcare and few set aside toilets for women.

Women in Military Women served in the navy

& marines Women in the military

served as nurses. (U.S.) Voluntary Aid

Detachment- Women received basic medical training. Women could help badly wounded soldiers but only give them basic medical training. Did not receive any wages, was only a voluntary program.

(U.S.) First Aid Nursing Yeomanry – Women drove ambulances, ran soup kitchens for soldiers, & helped organize baths for those soldiers who had been given some time off from the front lines.

Fashion Before & After the War Fashion had to change in order for

women to do more physical movement. Women’s fashion lost the rigid, tailored

lines of the Edwardian period. Fashion adopted a military look. People took more of a plainer style of

clothes. Bathing suits became more about the

ability to swim than covering skin. The birth of the trench coat. First used by

farmers, then military, woman started using it.

Fashion shows came about. It was a way of collecting funds for the war.

Edith Cavell Was a British nurse. Celebrated for helping some

200 Allies escape from German occupied Belgium.

Was arrested, by the Germans, she was court-martialed, found guilty of treason and sentenced to death.

“I can’t stop while there are lives to be saved.”

Overall Effects

WWI increased support for the women suffrage movement.

Contributed to the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920.

Department of Labor (U.S.) created Women’s Industry service (W.I.S).

After the war, W.I.S. became Women’s Bureau, headed by Mary van Kleeck.

Women’s vital role in the war was keeping soldiers equipped with ammunition.

Space was created in the work area women could fill up the work environment.

Fashion became more of about physical movement than luxurious.

Bibliography Kim, Tae H. "Seattle General Strike: Where Women Worked

During World War I." Seattle General Strike: Where Women Worked During World War I. Seattle General Strike Project, 1999. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.

"Women in the Progressive Era." Women in the Progressive Era. National Women's History Museum, 2007. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.