TEXTTYPES

By. Eka Setia Marwati, S.Pd

THE PURPOSE OF THE TEXTS:

1. Descriptive : to describe something (place, people, things)

2. Procedure : to explain how to do / to make something based on steps

3. Report : to inform people about something

4. Narrative : to amuse /entertain the reader

5. Recount : to tell past event / someone’s experience

1. DESCRIPTIVES

STRUKTUR DESCRIPTIVE TEXT:a) Identification

mengidentifikasikan orang, tempat, atau benda tertentu

b) Description

menjelaskan secara rinci tentang orang, tempat, atau benda tertentu

CIRI-CIRI TEXT: Menggunakan simple present tense Menggunakan attribute, seperti be

(am,is,are)

Elizabeth II, born on 21st April 1926, is the eldest daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. She married Philip Mountbatten, a distant cousin, in 1947. The pair has four children: Charles, Prince of Wales, Anne, Andrew and Edward. She is the first monarch to send her children to boarding schools in order to remove them from the ever-probing media. She has a strong sense of duty and diligence. Her knowledge of current situation and trends is up to date. She possesses a sense of humor rarely exhibited in public.

 

CONTOH DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

II. PROCEDURESTRUKTUR PROCEDURE TEXT:a) Aim/goal (tujuan): dapat berupa judulb) Materials: bahan / alat yang diperlukan dapat diberi label “Ingredients”, “You’ll

need”, “supplies needed”c) Steps: langkah-langkah kegiatan “What to

do”CIRI-CIRI:# menggunakan the simple present tense# kata hubung temporal; first, second, then, next, finally# adanya action verbs; turn on, stir, cook

CONTOH PROCEDURE TEXTVANILLA DROPS COOKIES

Ingredients: 1 ½ cups flour ¼ teaspoon baking powder ¼ teaspoon vanilla extract 2 eggs 1 cup sugar Directions: First, combine flour and baking powder, set aside Second, Beat eggs, sugar, and vanilla extract in mixing bowl until light-

colored Third, stir the flour and baking powder mixture Fourth, drop the butter by teaspoons about 2 inches apart onto a greased

andflour baking sheet. Set aside in a room temperature for 6 hours Fifth, bake at 350°F for 6 minutes And Finally, Remove from baking sheet to a wire rack to cool

III. REPORT

STRUKTUR REPORT TEXT:General classification (klasifikasi umum) pengantar akan sesuatu yg akan dibahasDescription menerangkan sesuatu/fenomena yg akan dibahas.

meliputi bagian-bagian, kualitas, dan perilakuCIRI-CIRI:# Menggunakan the simple present tense, kecuali

sudah punah# Action verbs: surround, make, begin, etc.

Contoh Report TextGorillas

Gorilla is the largest of all the primates. A male gorilla can be 180 centimeters tall and can weigh 200 kilograms. Gorillas are very strong but do not often fight. In fact, they are peaceful animal.

Gorilla lives in small family groups of about 15. In a group there is one strong, older male, some young males, and a few females with their babies. They move slowly around a large area of the jungle eating leaves and bushes.

In some ways the gorilla are very like humans. When they are happy, they laugh and wave their arms. When they are angry, they beat their chests. When they are sad, they cry. But they cry quietly without tears.

Unfortunately, people hunt and kill the gorillas. They cut down and burn their tree. There are now only about 10,000 gorillas left in the world

IV. NARRATIVESTRUKTUR NARRATIVE TEXT: Orientation (pendahuluan cerita) memperkenalkan tokoh-tokoh, latar, dan waktu Complication – munculnya masalah diantara tokoh-

tokoh tersebut Resolution – masalah dapat diatasi Re-orientation CIRI-CIRI:# Menggunakan past tenses# Biasanya dimulai dgn adverb of time: once upon a time, a long time ago, in a faraway land.# Menggunakan kata hubung (conjunction), seperti then, after that, before.

Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl called Sarah, who lived with her step-mother. Her step-mother was very bossy, greedy, and arrogant. She hated Sarah a lot.

One day when her father was working outside, the step mother hit Sarah and expelled her from the house. She went outside and walked far away from the house. Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it. After that she hid in a big melon. She used to get out of the melon to get her food.

One day a prince visited the farm and saw the big melon, “Cut this melon I want to eat it,” the prince said. The prince’s guards started to cut the melon but they heard a voice from it. Sarah said “Don’t cut me please!”. They were all surprised at this situation. The prince said “Who are you? Calm down, please come out.” After that she came out. He fell in love with her.

She told him her story so the prince decided to marry her and they lived happily ever after.

Contoh Narrative text

V. RECOUNT

STRUKTUR RECOUNT TEXT: Orientation: pendahuluan (tokoh,

peristiwa, waktu, tempat) Events: jalinan peristiwa/kejadian yang ada

dalam peristiwa tersebut. Re-orientation: rangkuman – penutup ceritaCIRI-CIRI: # Menggunakan past tense# Kata hubung (conjunctions) seperti: then,

before, after.

CONTOH RECOUNT TEXT

It was Sunday morning December 26th 2004. The day that I would never forget forever. We went to the beach in Meulaboh, Aceh. Many people were there when I arrived.

When we were enjoying the beautiful sunrise, suddenly we were shocked by a violent shake in the ground. Everybody in the beach was panic. We soon realized that it was a very big earthquake although it struck in a very short time.

After that, we saw the water was going on into the middle of the sea. No wonder if there were many kinds of fish were left behind on the sand. We all seemed to be astonished by the view until we realized that there was a huge wave came towards us and destroyed everything in its way.

I didn’t realize what had happened until I found myself hanging on a branch of a tree.

 

A flea and a fly flew up in a flue .Said the flea, “Let us fly!”Said the fly, “Let us flee !”

So they flew through a flaw in the flue

“Don’t forget to study”