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LMBD 1
By:
Jeremy Karrick
Charlie Lau
Advisor:
Dr. Brian D. Huggins
December 08, 2009
Project Summary
Project Goals
Functional Description
System Block Diagram
Battery Pack Structure
Functional Requirements & Specifications
Standards
References
Equipment and Parts List
Schedule
Questions
LMBD 2
Objective: Implement Lithium Ion Battery Pack designed for medium power, low carbon footprint applications
Medium power => 1000 W for 1 hour
Battery module will be light weight
Rechargeable via photovoltaic array or wind turbine
Integrate USB interface for performance analysis
LMBD 3
Develop effective cell layout interconnection and packaging to yield compact medium power battery with appropriate capacity (1000W for an hour)
Incorporate a battery management subsystem to:◦ Accurately monitor state of cells during charging and
discharging◦ Output data, in various formats, on state of cells ◦ Ensure soft failure mode in the event of cell degradation◦ Accept user input as needed
Implement photovoltaic charging system
Ensure overall design is in compliance with industry standards
LMBD 4
Block Diagrams
Structure of battery pack
Battery monitoring system
Cell balancing circuitry
Solar charging source
LMBD 5
LMBD 6
Lithium Ion Battery Pack
Cell Monitoring Electronics
Switching Circuits
User Input
Ph
oto
vo
ltaic sy
stem
Output Power
Battery Module
Output Cell Information
LMBD 7
Cell Cell Cell Cell
Cell Cell Cell Cell
Cell Monitoring Equipment
USB Interface
Safety Cutoff Switching Control Circuitry
Cell Cell Cell Cell
Cell Cell Cell Cell
Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
- +
LMBD 8
Energy SourceCharging
CircuitBattery Module
Display
User Input
LMBD 9
LoadBattery Module
Display
User Input
LMBD 10
[2]
Voltage sensors on each battery cell
Measure current input/output
Temperature sensor on each cell
Time for discharge/charging
Overall Capacity of the battery
LMBD 11
LMBD 12
[3]
LMBD 13
[5]
LMBD 14
[2]
LMBD 15
[2]
LMBD 16
[4]
Nominal capacity => 60 Ah
Weight => ≤ 13.6 Kg
Dimensions of module => 50x50x25 cm
Battery power interface => Threaded Posts
Battery max discharge => 120 A < 10 sec
Operational temperature range => -20°C~60°C
Battery Life => 1000 charge/discharge cycles
PC interface => USB [Universal Serial Bus]
Protection Temperature cut-off => 94°C
Nominal Voltage => 26.4 V [total battery pack]
Voltage limit => 2.8 V ~ 3.5 V [individual cell]
LMBD 17
Underwriters Laboratories Standards◦ 1642 – Covers requirements for safety in operation and testing
pertaining to Lithium ion rechargeable multi-cell batteries◦ 2054 – Covers requirements for safety in operation and testing
pertaining to household and commercial batteries in regards to preventing fires and explosions
SAE International Standards◦ AS5679 - Lithium-Ion Batteries, Minimum Performance
Standards
IEEE Standards◦ As of 2008 a standard for the characterization of lithium
battery technologies in terms of performance, service life and safety attributes is still under development by IEEE
LMBD 18
[1] Buchmann, Isidor. Learning the Basics About Batteries. 2003. 10 2009 <http://batteryuniversity.com/>.
[2] "High Power Lithium Ion ANR26650M1A." 1 4 2009. a123 Systems. 10 2009 <http://a123systems.textdriven.com/product/pdf/1/ANR26650M1A_Datasheet_APRIL_2009.pdf>.
[3] Multi-cell Li-Ion polymer Battery Charger with Fuel Gauge. 10 2009. 12 2009 <https://secure.cypress.com/?id=1021&rtID=201&rID=23&cache=0>.
[4] Wen, Sihua. "Cell Balancing Buys Extra Run Time and Battery Life." 17 3 2009. Texas Instruments, Incorporated. 12 2009 <http://focus.ti.com.cn/cn/lit/an/slyt322/slyt322.pdf>.
[5] Martinez, Carlos. “Cell Balancing Maximizes the Capacity of Multi-Cell Li-Ion Battery Packs.” 2005. Analog Zone. 2009 <http://www.analogzone.com/pwrt0207.pdf>.
LMBD 19
Equipment List
Battery monitoring system
Battery controller
Charger for lithium-ion battery
24 3.3v 20Ah lithium-ion cells
Appropriate resistors
Appropriate transistor
Accommodations
Shelf space in senior lab
Solar panels on the roof
LMBD 20
LMBD 21
Time Task - Jeremy Task - Charlie
Week 1 18-Jan 24-Jan Research and modeling Research Lab Charger
Week 2 25-Jan 31-Jan Research and simulation Research => Purchase Lab Charger
Week 3 1-Feb 7-Feb Finalize Purchases Research Charging Cicuit Topologies
Week 4 8-Feb 12-Feb Design Batt. Management sys. based on chipset Design => Test => Implement Charging Circuit
Week 5 15-Feb 14-Feb Test Batt. Management sys. based on chipset Design => Test => Implement Charging Circuit
Week 6 22-Feb 28-Feb Implement batt. Management sys. Based on chipset Purchase & Test USB interface subsystem
Week 7 1-Mar 7-Mar Implement batt. Management sys. Based on chipset Purchase & Test USB interface subsystem
Week 8 8-Mar 14-Mar Charge & Discharge test on cells Charge & Discharge test on cells
Week 9 15-Mar 21-Mar Charge & Discharge test on series combinations Charge & Discharge test on series combinations
Week 10 22-Mar 28-Mar Charge & Discharge test on parallel Combinations Charge & Discharge test on parallel Combinations
Week 11 29-Mar 4-Apr Implement and test an 8 series Stack w/ Batt. Management Implement and test an 8 series Stack w/ Batt. Management
Week 12 5-Apr 11-Apr implement 2nd & 3rd 8 series stack implement 2nd & 3rd 8 series stack
Week 13 12-Apr 18-Apr implement Battery Pack & Test for Specifications implement Battery Pack & Test for Specifications
Week 14 19-Apr 25-Apr Prepare final project report Prepare final project report
Week 15 26-Apr 2-May Prepare Presentation Prepare Presentation
Week 16 3-May 9-May Presentation Presentation
Week 17 10-May 16-May Presentation Presentation
NOTE: Subject to Variation
LMBD 22
Lead Acid
◦ 1859
Nickel Metal Hydride
Lithium-Ion