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BY ASHLEY WAGNER
Reality Therapy
Choice Theory
Developed by William Glasser ( formerly control theory) as the basis for reality therapy
Focuses on the needs and wants that people have
People have the capacity to choose their behaviors to meet these needs and wants
The purpose of behavior is to attempt to control the current external world
William Glasser
Tough background but turned his life aroundPsychoanalysis wasn’t meeting the needs of
his clients, wanted to make concrete changeWilliam Glasser Institute (1967)
Glasser’s View of Mental Health
Mental health is accumulation of behaviorsBehaviors that cause person to be labeled
with a mental disorder are under their control
Negative behaviors are an attempt to meet needs
Mental disorders overemphasize the role of external factors instead of personal responsibility
Regressive and Positive Paths of Development
Positive: Positive statement to
change Positive symptoms Positive addictions
Regressive: Attitude of giving up
after unsuccessful attempt at meeting needs
Negative symptoms Negative addictions
Application of Choice theory
Reality therapy focuses on strategies and techniques for dealing with human choices
Helping clients meet internal needs in the outside world- coping with reality
Counselor is the teacher of choice theoryAssessment- no formal methods
Underlying ideas of Reality Therapy
Not labeling behavior in order for person to view behavior as controllable
Focus on the present, current behaviorsPerson is capable of taking responsibility for
meeting their needsConnections with others important and can
even be curative
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUYPchyQfiU
4 elements of behavior
ActingThinkingFeelingPhysiology
Most control over acting and thinking
Goals of Reality Therapy
Helping clients meet internal needs in the outside world- coping with reality
Defining wants and evaluating behaviors in terms of meeting their needs, using the WDEP system
Making concrete plans for fulfilling their needs
5 basic needs
SurvivalBelongingPowerFreedomFun
WDEP System
W- WantsD- DoingE-EvaluationP-Planning
Quality (Ideal) World
Guide/model in your mind that directs your behaviors
Guide consists of images ( such as people, places, objects, or ideas) that meet your needs
Can be updated, like a computer fileUsed to compare to current experience
My Quality World
“Quality World and Culture”
Culture and Quality World are both fluid, dynamic, and interactive through development
Culture influences the organization of the Quality World and the meeting of basic needs in general
Clashes between Quality World and cultureExploring client’s cultural Quality World
Therapeutic Techniques
In general having conversations about needs and wants, being flexible
Using questionsDoing the unexpectedAllowing or imposing consequencesPhysical activity, humor, metaphors
Primary Applications
Schools- the idea of Quality Schools ADHD and ODD efficacy
Couples counselingOther applications: Groups, work settings
Limitations
Lack of empirical research, especially with diverse groups
Human behavior oversimplifiedExternal factors downplayedFeelings not focused on enough for some
clientsDisorders being behaviors we choose
References
Glasser, W. (2000). Counseling with choice theory: The new reality therapy. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Inc.
Sanchez, W. (1998). Quality world and culture. International Journal of Reality Therapy, 17(2), 12-16.
Wubbolding, R.E. (2011). Reality therapy. Washington D.C.: American Psychology Association.