Today we will be talking about chapter 11 in social studies. As
you read think about how industry and technology affected the
country, how the Baby Boom affected Canadian society, what Canadian
inventions have contributed in the world, and how fads and fashions
can tell you about how young people lived after WWII.
Slide 4
From 1930 to 1945, the end of World War II, Canadians faced
hard times. The Depression left people with no jobs and Canadians
had to ration food and fuel. But when war ended Canadians were
ready for change. Canadas economy grew quickly after the war and
their population too. This happened because Europes countries were
torn apart they had to come to Canada. Canada welcomed them because
they needed new workers, but before we get to this we will talk
about a period after war called the Baby Boom.Baby Boom
Slide 5
After World War II there was a time called the Baby Boom. This
happened between 1948 and 1957. It is called the Baby Boom because
nearly 5 million babies were born during this period. Why were
there many babies born during this time? Here are some reasons?
(Btw the link is in the picture below.)
Slide 6
Wives and husbands were apart so long because of war that they
wanted to start new families. The government started giving money
to families who are raising children so people started raising more
children. This is called family allowance. In 1948, businesses were
doing well that people were earning more money and thought they
could afford for bigger families.
Slide 7
Many Canadians started buying a new invention called the
television set. At first there were very few channels. Programs
were only aired a few hours a day. Canadians, however, were so
excited by the TV that it didnt matter if they had to stare at a
black and white screen for hours waiting for shows to start.black
and white
Slide 8
Slide 9
With TV other inventions also started like the fold-out TV
table. This was a invention set up in front of TVs so they could
eat while watching TV or waiting. A group of teachers in Toronto
worried what TV sets could do to a childs health. A teacher said
Surely crouching in a chair or stretching out on the floor for
hours in a stuffy, overheated living room cannot be good for any
child. Another warned What effect will it have on their eyesight?
Still families soon centered around the TV.
Slide 10
Toronto and Montreal planned a subway system for so long but
couldnt because of other problems like war and depression. But in
1950 Toronto finally had time for a subway system. Workers
discovered a rock bed to build a subway. To make a subway they had
to blast the rock bed twice daily with dynamite. The noise was so
terrible but people made a jingle to cheer people up.jingle
Slide 11
The jingle went like this: Yes were gonna have a subway in
Toronto We gotta get the working man home pronto So bear the noise
with a smile And in a little while Well be ridin in the new
subway!
Slide 12
The subway in Toronto opened in 1954. Montreal mayor Jean
Drapeau opened their city subway system-The Metro-in 1966. The
Metro also had a jingle.jingle Fewer traffic appeared in Toronto
and Montreal because of the subway. New offices and buildings
appeared near the subway stations.
Slide 13
Il fait beau dans le Metro. Which means Weather is nice in
Metro.
Slide 14
After WWII, many things became bigger like cars, families, and
cities. Even the country itself got bigger because Newfoundland
joined in 1949. For the first time Canadians could afford things
like new cars, clothes, vacations, and new inventions like the TV.
Lots of this money came from Canadas natural resources which
include: oil, precious minerals, and powerful rivers.
Slide 15
Oil was very important during the Industrial Boom because more
people bought cars which means more people would need oil. By 1950,
the oil industry in Alberta was booming. Another important part was
the electrical appliances. Companies like Hydro-Quebec and Manitoba
Hydro built giant dams on northern rivers because they knew with
all the people buying electrical appliances they would need more
electricity and turn to electrical companies like them.
Slide 16
Forestry was also very important because families started
building new homes which meant they needed more wood. The war gave
Canada a head start in manufacturing because they started making
tanks, uniforms, and machine guns which soon turned into cars,
nylon stocking, and washing machines. Mining helped these things by
providing them metal and iron.
Slide 17
The new industry was good for many people but not everyone.
Many of Canadas Aboriginal People found that mines, pulp mills, and
hydroelectric projects were ruining their way of life. Hydro
companies flooded their land. The flooding destroyed sacred
grounds, wild- rice areas, and long standing villages.sacred
Forests were cleared by pulp and paper companies. This caused
animals, Aboriginal food, to move elsewhere. Mining and paper
companies polluted water and land.
Slide 18
Having a spiritual purpose, or to be treated with utmost
respect.
Slide 19
In 1962 an American biologist named Rachel Carson wrote a book
called Silent Spring. The book showed how factories caused
pollution was poisoning air, rivers, and wild life in USA and
Canada. Industry may be good for making money but very bad for
nature and the Earth. Another effect the industry caused was
farmers moving to big cities and leave farming.
Slide 20
Before the Industrial Boom, 38% of Canadians lived in rural
areas. Half of Canadians still didnt have refrigerators. Many
people still used wood-burning stoves to cook their food. Many did
not have toilets that could flush or running water. All that
changed in the 1950s, more than 4 million people moved into the
city because they thought people offered more jobs and that life
would be easier.
Slide 21
The English-Wabigoon River flows into Grassy Narrows First
Nation in northwest Ontario. For many years the Anishnabe people
who lived there had profitable fishing businesses. In the 1950s and
60s many people worked as fishing guides for tourists. But
upstream, 160 km away in Drydan, Ontario, a paper mill dumped
mercury waste into the river.
Slide 22
The pollution spread all the way to the Grassy Narrows that
fish were poisoned in the river. By 1970, the English-Wabigoon
River was so polluted that people couldnt eat the fish anymore.
Tourists no longer went there for fishing trips. The guides became
poor because the tourists left and they couldnt guide anyone. The
people of the Grassy Narrows became very sick because they ate the
poisoned for so long.
Slide 23
The story of the English-Wabigoon River shows how and industry
can destroy the environment, a persons way of life, or the person
himself.
Slide 24
During the depression provinces of Canada were very poor just
like Alberta. In February 1947, a man named Vernon Hunter drilled
for oil in Leduc, Alberta. Hunter found so much oil that Alberta
went from nothing to lots of riches. Oil barons moved into Western
Canada and found more oil. Billions of dollars soon came to
Alberta. This moment in history made Alberta one of the richest
provinces in Canada.
Slide 25
Businesspeople who become rich and powerful from oil
business.
Slide 26
Canadians invented many things. Some of the inventions are
known all over the world because it helped people live better. Some
are a little bit unusual. But all of them still show how creative a
Canadian can be. The canoe, kayak, snow goggles, snowshoes, and the
game lacrosse
Slide 27
Armand Bombardier, of Quebec, invented the snowmobile. The
world can also thank Canada for Pablum baby food, the paint roller,
ginger ale, and table hockey. In the early 1950s, Harry Wasylyk of
Winnipeg, invented disposable garbage bags. It was made for
hospitals because the Winnipeg General Hospital was concerned with
cleanliness. They used garbage cans which had to be washed over and
over again.
Slide 28
An American company bought the idea and used it in the the late
1960s for household use. A Canadian invention saved lives of people
around the world the heart peacemaker. The invention was used to
regulate uneven heartbeats. It was invented in 1950 by an
electrical engineer named Jack Hopps.
Slide 29
Years later Dr. Hopps used the invention himself when his own
heart needed. Canada also contributed in space exploration.
Satellites orbiting Earth needed repairs. There was no way to catch
satellites once they are in space. In 1979 a Canadian scientist
invented a robotic arm that would grasp broken satellites and
pulled them into the space shuttle for repairs.space shuttle The
invention is called the Canadarm.
Slide 30
A spacecraft that carries people and materials into space. It
lands like a airplane and can be used again.
Slide 31
Slide 32
Bill Konyks Perogie Maker Bill Konyks Perogie Maker Bearproof
SuitSuit Bearproof Suit ContinuedSuit Continued
Slide 33
Some Canadian inventions reflect the ethnic background of the
inventor. Bill Konyk was a Ukrainian-Canadian restaurant owner from
Winnipegs North End. It took so long to make a perogie by hand, so
he made a perogie maker that could make 18 perogies in seconds.
Before you had to cut the dough, place the filling inside, fold the
dough around it, and seal the edges.
Slide 34
Troy Hurtubise, a scrap metal dealer form North Bay, Ontario,
survived a grizzly bear attack in 1986. He found out scientists did
not know much about grizzlies. This was because grizzlies were too
dangerous to study up close. Hurtubise wanted to study the bears up
close so he built a suit that could protect him from grizzlies
attack. He built a suit made up of metal, titanium, chain mail,
rubber, and plastic.
Slide 35
Hurtubise tested the suit before using it. He was hit by a 136
kg log, run over by a truck, stuck by arrows, and hit by a baseball
bat. He didnt even get a bruise. He finally went face to face with
a 586 kg Kodiak bear in 2001. The bear was terrified by the suit it
wouldnt attack. Since then, Hurtubise has been modifying the
suit.
Slide 36
Here is a video of how well the bearproof suit works.
Slide 37
People can learn a great deal about a time period by looking at
everyday fads and fashions. By looking at what was popular and not
in the 1950s and 60s we can find out How people spent their money?
How young people expressed themselves? How American and British
culture influenced Canadian culture?
Slide 38
Most popular fads from Canada came from the US. Canadians loved
American products like the Hula-Hoop, Elvis Presley music, and
poodle skirts. They enjoyed TV shows like I Love Lucy and the Ed
Suvillian Show. At the same time Canadians created some fads and
fashions of their own like the La Famille Plouffe which means the
Plouffe Family
Slide 39
The La Famille Plouffe was broadcasted in French and English
TVs. It reached audiences from across the country. In the 1960s all
kids wanted Ookpiks. Ookpiks were stuffed sealskin owls made by the
Inuit of Kuujjuak, Quebec.
Slide 40
In the 1950s many teenage boys copied the hairstyle of Elvis
Presley. The girls would have their hair go from ponytails to bobs
to beehives. Hair kept getting longer and longer. In the 1960s
British became popular and made new fads and styles. Boys grew
their hair to turn them into shaggy mop tops. In the late 1960s,
many teenagers didnt agree with the older generation. They grew
their hair longer and longer to show how unhappy they were of the
Vietnam War. Short hair like the buzz cut of the soldiers meant the
opposite.
Slide 41
Crew Cut The Duck Tail The Mop Top The Hippie The Bob The
Beehive
Slide 42
The Afro The Flower Child
Slide 43
One night on September 1964, a 16 year old student from Ontario
dove into Lake Ontario at Youngstown, NY and started swimming. 21
hours later she came out of the water on the other side in Toronto.
She became the first person to swim across Lake Ontario. She
instantly became a Canadian sports legend. In 1955 she swam across
the English Channel between Britain and France. In 1956 she swam
across the Strait of Juan de Fuca in BC.
Slide 44
In 1957, Paul Anka from Ottawa, became an international pop
star. When he was 15, he wrote a song called Diana about his Ottawa
babysitter, Diana Ayoub. Diana became a big hit. Many more hit
songs followed and many teenage fans mobbed Anka wherever he went.
In Japan they nicknamed him King Paul. Thousands of fans would wait
outside his hotel in Japan for his autograph in the middle of a
typhoon.
Slide 45
Slide 46
Between 1921 and 1941, 2/3 of Canada lived in poverty. By 1951
only 1/3 of Canada were poor. This happened because there were more
jobs. The government, however, couldnt ignore the people who were
still poor. Many were old and lived in rural areas. Far too many
were Aboriginal or French-Canadian. New wealth, however, meant that
the government of Canada could take care of the needy citizens as
well. It provided programs to help people who needed it. These
included: Family Allowances Medicare Old-Age Pension (introduced in
1951 by Prime Minister St. Laurent
Slide 47
A government insurance that pays for the medical costs of its
citizens.
Slide 48
One of the most popular TV show in Canadian history was Don
Messers Jubilee. It was a CBC Canadian music show in Halifax, Nova
Scotia. It ran from 1969 ton 1959. More than 3 million people,
mostly older viewers, tuned in to watch Don Messer play his
Maritime Jigs or on the fiddle.
Slide 49
In 1969, when CBC cancelled the show, Messers fans were upset.
Some of them came across Canada to protest at the Parliament
Building in Ottawa. One of the protesters told a journalist, We in
Canada must fight for the Don Messer Show. The young generation and
the CBC want to kill it.
Slide 50
In 1911, when Tommy Douglas was a child in Winnipeg, he fell on
a stone and hurt his knee. The injury did not heal properly. Tommys
family did not have enough money to send him to the hospital. They
were new to Canada. They lived in a poor neighborhood in Winnipegs
North End. Tommys Father worked in an iron factory where he was not
paid much.
Slide 51
Without medical help his knee got worse and worse. He soon
walked with crutches. Winter came and his knee was so bad he
couldnt climb over the snow and ice to get to school so someone had
to pull him everyday on a sled to get to school. The infection in
his knee was so bad that the family had a hard choice to make: to
pay for an expensive operation or cut the leg off.
Slide 52
The family had no choice but to cut off his right leg because
the operation was too expensive. Douglas almost lost his leg but at
the last minute Dr. Robert H. Smith offered to operate the boy for
free. Dr. Smith fixed the knee. If Dr. Smith had not been generous,
Tommy would have been living the rest of his life with one
leg.
Slide 53
Douglas knew he was luckier than most people because most
people would have stayed sick, lost their body parts, or would have
died. He did not forget this experience. When he grew up he became
premier of Saskatchewan. He worked hard to create a government
program called medicare. It began on July 1, 1962.
Slide 54
The program provided all of the people in Saskatchewan free
medical care rich or poor could see a doctor if they were sick.
Douglas went to Ottawa in 1962 as leader of the New Democratic
Party. He encouraged the federal government to create a nationwide
medicare program. In 1966, Prime Minister Pearson set up a medicare
program for everybody in Canada, based on Saskatchewans
example.
Slide 55
Canada became the 3 rd country in the world to send a satellite
into space. They followed the Soviet Union and the US. Canada sent
Alouette 1 into orbit in 1962 to study the atmosphere. In 1964, the
first Tim Hortons doughnut shop was opened in Hamilton, Ontario.
Tim Horton, Canadas Father of the Timbit, was a hockey player for
the Toronto Maple Leafs when he went into the doughnut
business.
Slide 56
In the 1950s and 60s, many Canadians enjoyed a good life.
However, as Canada approached its 100 th birthday in 1967,
Canadians wanted to do away with inequalities in their country. At
the same tome, they wanted to build a new society to reflect modern
times. In the process, Canada would see some of the most dramatic
events in history.
Slide 57
This is the end of our presentation. Hope you learned something
from this presentation and do good in the test.