Business Draft Three

8/16/2019 Business Draft Three

1/22

Running head: GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1

Global Business Culu!al Anal"sis: Ja#an

Suden$s Na%eBUSI&'(

11)*+)*'1,

Global Business Culu!al Anal"sis: Ja#an

The -ulu!e is he !esul o. hu%an %enal de/elo#%en0 so-ial g!ou#s0 so-ieies0

-i/iliaions and hu%an2ind3 In he /as .ield o. hu%an li.e -ulu!al s#e-i.i- is one o. he %os

signi.i-an .a-o!s: he e-ono%"0 #olii-s0 ideolog" 4s-ien-e0 a!0 !eligion53 Business Culu!e

-o%#!ises o!ganiaion and -oo#e!aion0 business -o%%uni-aion s2ills0 !ules o. business

ei6uee0 and business a!3

Business Culu!e #heno%enon #la"s an i%#o!an !ole in he se-ions de/oed o

o!ganiaional and -o!#o!ae -ulu!e0 o!ganiaional beha/io!0 business ehi-s0 business

-o%%uni-aions3 Business Ei6uee is he no!% and !ules o. beha/io! ha -on!ibue o su--ess

in business !elaionshi#s3 You -an de.ine business -ulu!e as a -ha!a-e!isi- o. e-ono%i-

a-i/i"0 #!o.i7o!iened #!o-ess o. ine!a-ion 8ih ohe! #a!i-i#ans o. e-ono%i- !elaions3


2/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN *

Sin-e #!o.i ends o be #e!-ei/ed as he %os /aluable goal in business !elaions0 #!o.i

is he basis o. e9isen-e0 !e#!odu-ion and de/elo#%en o. he ene!#!ise3 The!e.o!e he -ulu!e

o. a -oun!" is an i%#o!an #a! o. e-ono%i- en/i!on%en3 Culu!e o. en!e#!eneu!shi# hel#s o

-o!!elae business s!aegies 8ih ai%s and goals o. .o!eign #a!ne!0 hei! o!ganiaional and

%anage!ial de%ands3

The!e a!e gene!all" a--e#ed sanda!ds o. beha/io! in so-ie"3 o8e/e!0 hese !ules /a!"

a-!oss -oun!ies unde! he uni6ue in.luen-e o. -ulu!al s#e-i.i-3 ;i!s o. all0 i should be noed

ha he Ja#anese #!aise #e!%anen #olieness as he no!% o. beha/io!3 Language and -ulu!e o.

Ja#an #!a-i-all" e9-lude he #ossibili" o. being i%#olie3

Ja#anese business -ulu!e is e9!e%el" s!i- in he s#he!e o. dis#uaion3 A--o!ding o

his !adiion0 a #e!son should no de%ons!ae his o! he! #e!sonal aiude0 unless he

#a!ne!shi# is abou o be .inished b" his sae%en3 E/en i. Ja#anese do no .ull" ag!ee 8ih

he s#ea2e!0 "#i-all" .i!s lisen 8ih an a##!o/ing /ie80 hen a!gue in a /e!" e/asi/e and

un-e!ain .o!%3 In Ja#an0 his beha/io! is -onside!ed as #olie3

o8e/e!0 sin-e he !e#!esenai/es o.


3/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN ,

Subo!dinaion and he #!in-i#le o. senio!i" a!e basi- .o! Ja#anese business -ulu!e3 A

#e!son=s saus is dee!%ined b" he age and !an23 In ine!#e!sonal !elaions in Ja#anese business

-ulu!e adhe!e o he #!in-i#le o. he hie!a!-h" o. age0 8hi-h is -aused b" a saus and age

.a-o!s0 e/en #e!son a "ea! olde! auo%ai-all" !e-ei/es he highe! saus3 Business

Co%%uni-aion -ulu!e in Ja#an #!o/ides %an" !es!i-ions0 in-luding #un-uali"0 !es#e-.ul

business%en in Ja#an do no a--e# lae a!!i/al3

Ja#anese -ulu!e is -onside!ed o be non7/e!bal0 ho8e/e!0 Ja#anese -ulu!e di-aes

se!ious !es!i-ions abou a-ile -ona-3 Ja#anese #!a-i-e o. handsha2e is a !e#!esenaion o.

ine!-ulu!al in.luen-e and in.luen-e o. %ode!ni"3 The!e.o!e0 an" #!i/ae s#a-e ene!ing

#!o-ess should no in/ol/e -ona-s and .a%ilia!i"3

Sin-e -hildhood0 Ja#anese a!e augh o !es!ain hei! e%oions and a%biions3

E9!e%el" #olie Ja#anese -onside! si%ulaneous s#ee-h o. se/e!al indi/iduals as i!!es#e-i/e

beha/io!0 %o!eo/e!0 Ja#anese 2ee# #auses be.o!e and a.e! s#ee-hes3

Co%%uni-aion -ulu!e in Ja#an de%ands a#olog" .o! e/e!" %isa2e Usuall" Ja#anese

ine!lo-uo! lisen a##!o/ingl" sa"ing de%ons!aing his ag!ee%en3 o8e/e!0 his -o%#lian-e

is he !e#!esenaion o. unde!sanding3

Sin-e he Ja#anese #e!-e#ion o. #olieness is h"#e!bolied in -o%#a!ison 8ih 8ese!n

unde!sandings0 /e!bal e9#!ession o. !es#e- o8a!ds ohe! indi/iduals %igh a##ea! sel.7

%ini%iing3 o8e/e!0 his beha/io! !e.le-s o!ienal %odes"3

Business -a!ds e9-hange is an i%#o!an #a! o. business -o%%uni-aion3 A g!eeing as

he #a! o. !es#e-.ul beha/io! ha in-ludes handsha2e #!o/ides ne-essi" o. !es#e-.ul nod3

The ei6uee o. negoiaions !e6ui!es !ans#a!en-" and !es#e-.ul -la!i"3 B" #a!sing #!odu-s


4/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN (

o! -o%#an"0 a business%an !is2s o be %is#e!-ei/ed3 A--u!ae and #!o/able so!e o. daa is he

bes -o%#li%en ha an indi/idual is abou o do o his -o%#an"3

Anohe! s#e-i.i- o. Ja#anese business ei6uee is he e9-hange o. gi.s3 The .i!s

%eeing in Ja#an usuall" -o%#!ises #!esens donaion3 >o!eo/e!0 his !adiion is !ahe!

i%#o!an .o! guess0 8ho a!!i/e in Ja#an0 han Ja#anese3 In addiion0 i is i%#o!an o /e!ball"

%ini%ie is i%#o!an-e0 8hi-h 8ould be #e!-ei/ed as %odes beha/io!0 #!aised a%ong

Ja#anese3 Ene!ing he building o! !esau!an0 i is i%#o!an o a2e o.. one$s shoes0 sin-e o

dis#ense his !ule %eans o o..en-e Ja#anese #a!ne!s3

Lo-aion is an i%#o!an e9e!nal .a-o! o. %eeing o!ganiaion3 The!e.o!e0 i is

i%#o!an o -hoose in.o!%al a%os#he!e and ha!%oni- su!!ounding0 sin-e Ja#anese #!e.e!

-asual0 !ela9ing a%os#he!e and he" 8ould a##!e-iae #ossibili" o be lo-aed as disan .!o%

he en!an-e as #ossible3

How are these elements and dimensions

integrated by locals conducting business in the nation?

Ja#an=s an-ien -ulu!e has in.luen-ed a %ode!n so-ie" 8ih uni6ue /alues0 !adiions

and -uso%s3 The!e.o!e0 !e#!esenai/es o. 8ese!n -ulu!e .a-e di..i-ulies in ada#ing he s"le

o. -o%%uni-aion3

Al!uis%0 ea%8o!2 and -oo!dinaion o. 8o!2 a!e -onsanl" -uli/aed in Ja#anese

so-ie"3 Indi/iduali" is dee!%ined b" %e%be!shi# in a so-ial g!ou#3 So in business Ja#anese

aa-h g!ea i%#o!an-e o !eadiness o %a2e -on-essions and sel.7dis-i#line3


5/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN +

ie!a!-hies0 in.luen-ed b" Con.u-ianis%0 al8a"s dee!%ine a #e!son=s #osiion in he

g!ou# and so-ie"3 Saus de#ends on su-h .a-o!s as age0 o--u#aion0 and %ae!ial saus0

#!o.essional saus in he -o%#an" and .a%il" saus3

The #!ese!/aion o. ha!%on" in so-ie"0 %ainenan-e o. he hie!a!-hi-al s!u-u!e

-la!i"0 and he e9#!ession o. !es#e- .o! ohe!s a!e he %os i%#o!an -o%#onens o.

-o%%uni-aion3 Res#e- is !ans%ied h!ough 8o!ds0 beha/io!0 ei6uee0 bod" language and

ohe! nuan-es o. non/e!bal -o%%uni-aion3

Ja#anese #a" s#e-ial aenion o highe! !e6ui!e%ens .o! .o!%aliies3 P!o#onen$s abili"

o be #olie du!ing business -o%%uni-aion 8ould be dee!%ined du!ing he .i!s %eeing0

de#ending on he s#i!i o. #!o.essionalis%3

The bo8 is an ineg!al #a! o. he non7/e!bal -o%%uni-aion and beha/io! in Ja#anese

so-ie"3 I is used a he %eeing0 o a!a- aenion0 .o! he %ani.esaion o. g!aiude0 an

e9#!ession o. s"%#ah" o! a#olog"3

Business Ethics

Business ehi-s in Ja#an is based on sin-e!i"0 -o%#aibili" and -!edibili"3 Sin-e!i"

%eans ha #a!ne!s should be !ead" o a--e# a -o%#!o%ise and unde!sand desi!e o -ondu-

business on a #e!sonal le/el3 Co%#aibili" is #e!.o!%ed in he desi!e o. #a!ne!s o sho8 ha

he" -a!e abou he !e#uaion o. he -o%#an"0 esablishing a #e!sonal !elaionshi#s ha a!e no

.o-used e9-lusi/el" on he .inan-ial s#he!e3

A he %eeings0 #a!ne!s -o%%uni-ae 8ih he g!ou# o. s#e-ialiss0 no he in he .o!%

o. indi/idual !e#!esenai/es$ %eeing3 In he beginning o. %eeings0 Ja#anese in!odu-e he


6/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN &

%ain e%#lo"ee o. he -o%#an"0 hen he ne9 !e#!esenai/e0 8hi-h is one7se# lo8e! on he

saus0 s!i-l" obse!/ing he hie!a!-h"3 Chie. Re#!esenai/e a2e su!e ha he!e a!e no ba!!ie!s0 su-h as

able0 -hai! o! #lans be8een "ou3 Ba!!ing hings b" boh hands is he !e#!esenaion o. highes

le/el o. !es#e- in -on!a!" o he le. hand0 8hi-h signals abou dis!es#e-.ul aiude3


7/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN @

?u!ing business Co%%uni-aion in Ja#an al8a"s s#e-i." he /alue o. 8ha has been

said and as2 .o! %o!e in.o!%aion3 It is assu%ed ha he lisene! -an unde!sand e/e!"hing ha

has been said o! %enioned0 unless he o! she as2s o e9#lain3

E/e!"one 8ho /isied he %eeing 8ill be an e9#e! in his s#he!e0 so i is i%#o!an o

a2e -o78o!2e!s3 On he one hand0 "ou 8ill ha/e an in.o!%aion sou!-e in s#he!es 8hi-h is no

in "ou! duies3 On he ohe! hand0 "ou 8ill sho8 he sa%e aiude o "ou! -o78o!2e!s3 Sin-e

ea-h 8o!2e! is a %ain ele%en o. a -o%#an"$s 8ellbeing0 "ou !es#e- and !us ea-h o. he% as

8ell as o!ienal naions do3

>eeings a!e he %ain #ossibili" .o! he -ona- esablish%en3 I is i%#o!an o build

!elaionshi#s no onl" 8ih he %ain .igu!es o. he -o%#an"0 bu also 8ih all e%#lo"ees

!ega!dless o. hei! !an23 The .inal de-ision 8ill be -on-luded b" he 8hole g!ou# o. 8o!2e!s0

8ho 8ill e9#!ess hei! -ons and #!os abou "ou! -o%#an"3

The Ja#anese a!e .o-used on a deailed dis-ussion3 The!e.o!e0 !e#!esenai/es 8ill be

as2ed b" /a!ious #!o.essionals0 6uesioning in di..e!en s#he!es and de%anding s#e-ialied

sae%ens and daa3 The 6uesions %igh be !e#eaed in di..e!en #a!a#h!ased .o!%s3 I. "ou a!e

no able o ans8e! hese 6uesions0 i 8ould -ause doubs and sus#i-ions o be un#!o.essional3

B!ing as %u-h in.o!%aion abou "ou! -o%#an" as i is #ossible3

Ja#anese #!e.e! o do business 8ih in!o/e!ed0 !ead" o -o%#!o%ise0 sin-e!e #eo#le3

E9!o/e!s a!e seen as a!!ogan and insolen indi/iduals 8ho a!e no suiable .o! business

!elaions3 I is i%#o!an o a- %odes in he beginning o. he %eeing3 You should no !ush o

disag!ee 8ih he sae%ens o. #a!ne!s0 o! -on.!on 8ih hei! o#inion s!i-l" a.e! i 8as

e9#!essed3 Al8a"s !e%e%be! abou di#lo%a-"3 Bu a he sa%e i%e lea/e he -on-essions and


8/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN

dis-ouns ill he end o. he %eeing3 I. "ou al2 abou i o ea!l"0 "ou 8ill be sus#e-ed in elling

lies3

Silen-e is a /i!ue3


9/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN D

a!%on" is he ba-2g!ound .o! all he R !ainings and #!a-i-es0 2e" #!in-i#les o. he

Ja#anese #e!sonali" de/elo#%en3 >o!eo/e!0 his #!o-ess hel#s o esablish -ona-s0 i%#o!an

in .uu!e .o! he e%#lo"ee in his .uu!e -a!ee!3

Business in Ja#an #!o/ides no s!i- -on!ol o. he Chie. O..i-e!s3 The #e!sonnel !e-ei/e

a s-o#e o. goals o be a-hie/ed0 and he ea% %e%be!s de-ide ho8 o dis!ibue he as2s3

The!e.o!e0 8o!2e!s a!e su#e!/ised and -on!olled onl" a %iddle sages3

?e-ision %a2ing #!o-ess comprises big time periods in Ja#anese -o%#anies,

8hi-h leads o long7e!% #a!ne!shi# esablish%en #!o-ess3 This #!o-ess is a--o%#anied b"

he signau!e o. ea-h e%#lo"ee, 8hi-h -an a..e- his de-ision, on ag!ee%en o! disag!ee%en

8ih he #!o#osed -hanges3

I is a--e#able .o! Ja#anese business !elaions o -!ii-ie subo!dinae o..i-e!s in #ubli-

o! du!ing -o!#o!ae %eeings3


10/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1'

e9-lusion !ae3 These .a-o!s lead o high saisi-s on ne!/ous b!ea2do8ns3 o8e/e!0 he !ae

o. oal !es#onsibili" is high as 8ell3

How do both of the above items compare with US culture and business?

One o. he %ain di..e!en-es be8een he A%e!i-an and Ja#anese -o!#o!ae -ulu!es is

ha Ja#anese e%#lo"ees$ -o!e /alue is he su--ess and #!os#e!i" o. he -o%#an"0 8he!eas

%os o. he A%e!i-ans in #a" #!i%e! aenion o he %ae!ial !e8a!ds and -a!ee! g!o8h3

Ja#anese highl" a##!e-iae he #olieness and sel.7-on!ol3 The %ain .eau!es o. hei!

naion -ha!a-e! in -on!a!" o A%e!i-an0 is he i%#o!an-e o. ha!d 8o!20 solida!i" 8ih he

g!ou# no!%s0 adhe!en-e o !adiion0 de/elo#ed aeshei- sense and dis-i#line3 So%ei%es

A%e!i-an business#e!sons o!iened on .inan-ial %a!2eing a!e sho-2ed and su!#!ised b" s!i-

Ja#anese !ee-ions o hei! #!o#osals3

Ja#anese a!e /e!" #!i/ae #eo#le3 E9!o/e!ed naions assu%es ha he lisene! is no

a8a!e o. he #!e!e6uisies0 he sou!-e daa and !elaed issues dis-ussed in o#i-0 so ells he%

hi%sel.3 In -on!a!"0 Ja#anese b" de.aul assu%e ha he lisene! 2no8s e/e!"hing ha he

s#ea2e! 8ould li2e o in/es in a #h!ase0 and he!e.o!e !e#o! a %ini%u% o. in.o!%aion3

Unli2e he 8ese!n so-ie"0 8he!e i%e.!a%es a!e e9!e%el" li%ied0 Ja#anese e9#!ess

!an6uili"0 #aien-e and !egula!i"3 Being #e!-ei/ed as he #la-e o. #ea-e and ha!%on"0 Ja#an

has -oninued o e/ol/e0 b!illianl" -o%bining uni" o. %ode!niaion and !adiion3 Unde! he

in.luen-e o. !easu!es -uso%s0 hiso!" and elabo!aed -ulu!e0 Ja#anese so-ie" has be-o%e a

#e!.e- e9a%#le o. hono!0 %o!al /alues0 ei6uee 8hi-h is he .oundaion o. business #!a-i-es3

Values and Attitudes

u%o! .o! Ja#anese is an a%biguous issue0 8hi-h is /e!" -on!o/e!sial0 .!agile

#s"-hologi-al #!o-ess ha needs deli-ae balan-e in is #e!-e#ion and !e#!esenaion3 Ja#anese


11/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 11

laughe! begins 8ih e%#ah"3 The" .eel -on/enien in laughing onl" du!ing su##o!i/e

in.o!%al -o%%uni-aion onl" 8hen he" a!e su!!ounded b" .!iendl" en/i!on%en3 Ja#anese

e9#e- hei! #a!ne!s o su##o! hei! o2es b" laughe!3

In gene!al0 he Ja#anese a/oid o2ing lea/ing his s#he!e o #!o.essionals3


12/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1*


13/22


14/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1(

In -on!a!"0 Ja#anese -ulu!e ha has a lo o. !adiion is -onside!ed as igh Cone9

Culu!e3 One o. he %ain -ha!a-e!isi-s o. igh Cone9 Culu!es is .o!%al s"le o.

-o%%uni-aion and indi!e- -one9 o. /e!bal -o%%uni-aion as 8ell as non/e!bal %essages o

-on/e" he eni!e %eaning3

A--o!ding o hie!a!-h" be8een igh Cone9 and Lo8 Cone9 -ulu!es0 Lo8 Cone9

-ulu!es should subo!dinae igh Cone9 -ulu!es$ no!%s o. -o%%uni-aion du!ing -!oss7

-ulu!al #a!ne!shi#3 The!e.o!e0 A%e!i-an !e#!esenai/es a!e ad/ised o ada# hei! s"le o.

-o%%uni-aion o igh Cone9 Culu!es$ s"le0 bu no /ise /e!sa3

#ifferent meanings of words across languages

Non/e!bal

Cu!!en sage o. de/elo#%en o. hu%an so-ie" -ould be -ha!a-e!ied b" he

de/elo#%en o. %o!e a--ele!aing ine!lingual and ine!-ulu!al -o%%uni-aion3 u%ani"

.a-ed 8ih he need .o! susainable de/elo#%en o. %ehods and lea!ning s!aegies o.

ehno-ulu!al -o%%uni" %e%be!s3

Ea-h naion has is o8n uni6ue s#he!e o. he -on-e#0 -ulu!al and linguisi- #!os#e-i/e

o. he s!u-u!e o. -ons-iousness a-s in 8hi-h /alues o. so-ie" a!e dis#la"ed3 Co%#a!ing on

he one hand Ja#an 8ih is -ulu!al he!iage0 on he ohe! hand0 he U3S3 so-ie" 8ih %ode!n

globalied -on-e#s3 Ja#anese #e!-ei/e A%e!i-an !e#!esenai/es o. ehni- -ulu!e no onl" as

su!#!ising and deligh.ul bu also sho-2ing3

?i..e!en-es in so-io7e-ono%i- de/elo#%en o. he 8o -oun!ies a!e -aused #!i%a!il" b"

hei! ehni- and -ulu!al ideni"3 The -o%#a!ed naions a!e he leade!s in he 8o!ld o. s-ieni.i-

and e-hni-al #!og!ess3 E/ol/ed o sol/e hei! !elaionshi# as e-ono%i- #a!ne!s and


15/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1+

-o%#eio!s3 The!e a!e %an" e9!a linguisi- and obe-i/e .a-o!s -on!ibuing o he %ode!n

s-ieni.i- and e-hni-al e6ui#%en o. he 8o -oun!ies3

Business %eeings and !elaionshi#s begins 8ih a g!eeing0 i is ne-essa!" o -onside!

ho8 o i%#le%en he -on-e# o. g!eeing in hese ehno -ulu!es3 In A%e!i-an English0 his

-on-e# is !ealied b" /e!bal #h!ases ha -o!!es#ond o -e!ain le9i-al ie%s in Ja#anese3 In

addiion0 .o! boh -ulu!es a!e essenial bod" language 4a nod and a handsha2e5 and e"es

-ona-3

Nod is e9!e%el" i%#o!an in Ja#anese non/e!bal -o%%uni-aion0 8hile A%e!i-an

!e#!esenai/es -ould li%i b" /e!bal g!eeing3 So%ei%es i is a--o%#anied b" a sligh nod o.

he head3

andsha2e is an i%#o!an #a! o. !us.ul #a!ne!shi# !elaions boh .o! he Ja#anese and

A%e!i-ans0 bu onl" 8ih a sligh di..e!en-e ha Ja#anese #!e.e! 8ea2 and he A%e!i-ans 7

s!ong 3 A%e!i-an s"le handsha2e is #e!-ei/ed b" he Ja#anese as a sign o. agg!ession3

E"e -ona- is an ele%en o. #a!ne!shi# and -ona- %ainenan-e in he -o%%uni-aion

#!o-ess3 A%e!i-ans usuall" !ies seing an i%%ediae e"e -ona- 8ih he Ja#anese add!essee

a he i%e o. esablishing -ona-0 and hen !e%o/es he gae3 In he #!o-ess o. -o%%uni-aion0

he see2s sho!0 a .e8 se-onds o. -ona- 8ih e"es o. o!ienal ine!lo-uo! and -lose! o he end

o. !"ing o esablish a long7e!% -ona-3 A%e!i-ans used o 2ee# an e"e -ona- unil he

#!o#onen !e%o/es he gae e"es3 Ja#anese #!e.e! o o!ien hei! gae do8n8a!d0 hal.7-losed

e"es as "#i-al bo8 -oninuaion3 A%e!i-an beha/io! is e/aluaed b" he Ja#anese as agg!essi/e

as 8ell as in he .i!s -ase3

Verbal


16/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1&

;unda%enal /alues o a -e!ain -ulu!al su!!ounding %a" see% i%%o!al in anohe!

-ulu!e3 Ja#anese and A%e!i-an #eo#le ha/e buil hei! li/es on he #!in-i#les ha bes !e.le-ed

in hei! s#he!e o. -on-e#s0 su-h as ho%e0 .a%il"0 #e!sonal li.e0 #!io!i" .o!0 !e#!esenai/eness3

A%e!i-an ehni- -ulu!e -an be -ha!a-e!ied0 as a ea% s#i!i and -o%#eiion 8ihin his

ea%0 8ih de/elo#%en #e!sonal sel.7o!ienaion o.en a!e no -onde%ned su--ess.ul %e%be!s

o. so-ie"3 In A%e!i-an ehno-ulu!e -on-e#s ho%e and .a%il" a2e do%inan #osiion3

The se-ond i%#o!an -on-e# in A%e!i-an ehni- -ulu!e is .!eedo%3 ;!eedo% -an be a

b!oadl" ine!#!eed USA in /a!ious .o!%s0 in-luding Consiuional !e#!esenaions o. .!eedo%

gua!aneed o U3S3 -iiens0 ne-essa!" o a-hie/e he A%e!i-an d!ea%0 8hi-h is -o%#a!ai/el"

-lose o %ae!ial 8ealh a-hie/e%en3 >ae!ial 8ealh goals a!e -on-e#uall" based on #!i/ae

business #!os#e-i/e0 #!o/ided b" Consiuion3

P!i/ae en!e#!eneu!shi#0 as a ool .o! a-hie/ing he A%e!i-an d!ea%0 %a2es #ossible is

i%#le%enaion onl" in-luding #e!sonal li.e su--ess3 The #e!sonal li.e in-ludes a-i/i" ha

does no b!ing #!o.i ho8e/e! is also needed as an ineg!al a!ibue0 na%ed hobb"3 Pa!ies and

.a%il" #i-ni-s 8ih .!iends and business #a!ne!s !e#!esens in.o!%al s#he!e o. #e!sonal li.e3

Con-e# o. ea% s#i!i 8as %odi.ied b" su-h hiso!i-al .a-s as -on.!onaion 8ih ohe! naions

as !ibes0 8hi-h .o!%ed uni6ue -on-e# o. -o%#eii/e s#i!i3 This -on-e# -o%#!ises no onl"

abili" o 8o!2 as a ea% o a-hie/e a -o%%on !esul0 bu also he desi!e o -o%#ee 8o!2ing

-olle-i/e .o! #e!sonal goals3

One o. he %os i%#o!an language di..e!en-es la"s be8een he 8o -ulu!es is

-on-en!aed in dia%e!i-all" o##osed !elaion o he -on-e#s o. .a%il" and -olle-i/e 8o!23

Ja#an=s uni6ue ehni- -ulu!e 8as .o!%ed du!ing %illennia3 Goals .o! he Ja#anese %enali" a!e


17/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1@

.o!%ed as a se o. -ulu!al !adiions and %o!al /alues0 as e9#!essed in a -e!ain 8a" o. hin2ing

and beha/io!3 Co%%uni" s#i!i #e!%eaed all he #o!es o. Ja#anese so-ie"3

>an %en in Ja#an usuall" ideni." hi%sel. 8ih he g!ou# 7 .a%il"0 neighbo!s0 he lo-al

-o%%uni" sin-e -hildhood and he !es o. his da"s he -ould no i%agine li.e be"ond hese

li%is3 The!e.o!e0 he %os se/e! #unish%en o. Ja#anese is o be-o%e an ou-as in -o%%uni"

e alienaed3 English sugges Hindi/idualH %eaning o. he -on-e# I0 #e!sonali"3 In Ja#anese0 he

8o!d HdibunH0 he e6ui/alen o. he English HIH0 %eans H%" desin"H0 H#a! o. %e3H

Ja#anese ideni." he%sel/es in he %ids o. so-ie"0 unde!sanding onesel. as a #a! o.

an" -o%%uni"3 Sense o. belonging o a #a!i-ula! -o%%uni" %a2es la87abiding and hones

Ja#anese o #!oe- ene!#!ise0 8hi-h he 8o!2s in3 Inside di..e!en so-ial s#he!es as 8ell as in

he 8hole naion0 Ja#anese use a s#e-i.i- se o. -on-e#s ha %a2e u# he -o!e o. hei! 8o!ld

#e!-e#ion3

a!%on" H8aH is one o. he basi- -on-e#s3 a!%on" is unde!sood as ne-essa!"

-ondiions .o! he eli%inaion o. -on!o/e!sies and ensions a%ong %e%be!s o. he -o%%uni"3

The!e.o!e0 Ja#anese !" no o sho8 he #e!son ha he is less a8a!e on an" 6uesion3 I is no

a##!o#!iae in business -o%%uni-aion o -ones 8ihin -e!ain #a!ne!shi#3 Ja#anese usuall"

hel# o##onen o loo2 #!o#e!l" in he -on!o/e!s"0 se# aside0 8hi-h is he bes e9a%#le o. he

#!in-i#le o. ha!%on"3

On he one hand0 he language !e.le-s he %enali" o. he #eo#le0 and he ohe! .o!%s a

-a!!ie!3 Ea-h naional language no onl" !e.le-s0 bu also sha#es he naional -ha!a-e!3 In ohe!

8o!ds0 i. language sha#es 8o!ld #e!-e#ion o. he -e!ain naion 7 a nai/e s#ea2e! is .o!%ed as

a #e!son in he #!o-ess o. #e!-ei/ing -ulu!al he!iage0 8hi-h #la"s -ons!u-i/e !ole in sha#ing

he naional -ha!a-e!3


18/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1

The -on!adi-ion be8een he #!in-i#les o. -o%#eiion and solida!i" in Ja#anese and

A%e!i-an -ulu!es is a 6uesion .!e6uenl" !aised in he e-ono%i-0 so-ial and edu-aional

de/elo#%en3 E9-essi/e absoluisaion o. -o%#eiion so%ei%es leads o he negle- o. he

#!in-i#le o. e6ual o##o!uniies3 ?ue o he .a- ha a sense o. -olle-i/e ehni- -ulu!e in he

Ja#anese e9agge!aed3 The!e.o!e0 balan-ing -olle-i/e negoiaions usuall" !e#la-e

-o%#eii/eness a%ong %odes Ja#anese !e#!esenai/es3

Con-e#s o. #!os#e!i" and ha##iness .o! ea-h Ja#anese 8e!e b!ough u# on !adiional

Ja#anese /alues #e!-ei/ing #e!sonal su--ess as a su--ess .o! 8hole -o%%uni"3 In Ja#anese

so-ie"0 #eo#le #e!-ei/e e/e!"hing .o!eign 8ih -a!e.ulness3 ?i#lo%as o. #eo#le g!aduaed

.!o% .o!eign Uni/e!siies0 e/en he %os #!esigious ones0 a!e unde!esi%aed3 >o!eo/e!0

g!aduaing .!o% Ja#anese Uni/e!si"0 one should -oninue 8o!2ing in Ja#an3 The!e.o!e0 he

-on-e# o. nai/e and o!iginal is !es#e-ed3

T!adiion0 -uso%s and -ulu!al he!iage a!e i%#o!an -on-e#s .o! Ja#anese as .o! he

igh Cone9 -ulu!e0 8hi-h is based on al!ead" esablished i%%uable !ules and #!in-i#les o.

-o%%uni-aion and building !elaionshi#s3 In


19/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN 1D

The!e.o!e0 #!os#e!i" and 8ell7being in 8o -ulu!es asso-iaed 8ih di..e!en "#es o. so-ie"3

In he Unied Saes i i. !e.le-ed as indi/idual 8ell7being0 o! 8ih .a%il" 8ell7being0 8hile in

Ja#an he global #e!-e#ion o. naion and so-ie" in a uni ha dese!/es o be he %ain ai% 3

In addiion0 Ja#anese s#he!e o. -on-e#s does no in/ol/e su-h -on-e#s as .!eedo%0

naional d!ea%0 #!i/a-"0 .ai! ga%e and -o%#eii/e s#i!i3 The!e.o!e0 anal"ing his se o.

-on-e#s0 i is #ossible o indi-ae he #!io!i" o. indi/idual !ighs and .!eedo%s and he

indi/idual in so-ie" in US so-ie"0 8he!eas -olle-i/e -ons-iousness 8ill be #!i%a!il"

i%#o!an in Ja#an 3


20/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN *'

?i..e!en %eanings o. 8o!ds a-!oss languages 4/e!bal0 non/e!bal0 igh Cone9 /s3 Lo8

Cone950

Relgion0

Ehi-s 4Co!#o!ae So-ial Res#onsibil"0 Co!!u#ion50

Falues and Aiudes0

Fa!ian-es in Aiudes a-!oss Culu!es0

Business >anne!s and Cuso%s a-!oss Naional Culu!es

So-ial S!u-u!es3

o8 do boh o. he abo/e ie%s -o%#a!e 8ih US -ulu!e and business


21/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN *1

$eferences

Bo-hne!0 S3 4*''153 %sychology of !ulture Shoc& . Routledge:

B!a%ble0 P3S3 4*''+53 !ulture Shoc& 'apan( A Survival )uide to !ustoms and Eti*uette.

Graphic Arts Center Publishing Company, USA:

B!o8n Ju0 B!o8n John3 4*''&53 !hina+ 'apan+ ,orea !ulture and !ustoms. BookSurge

Publishing:

Bu-2nall0 3B3 4*''&53 'apan( #oing Business in a Uni*ue !ulture. Boson Books:

Coaes 30 ol!o"d C3 4*'''53 Success Secrets to -a"imi.e Business in 'apan. Graphic Arts

Cene! Publishing Co%#an"0 USA:

Elash%a8i0 ;3 4*''153 !ompeting )lobally+ -astering -ulticultural -anagement and

/egotiation. Butterorth!"einemann:

Elash%a8i ;30 a!!is P3R3 41DD53 -ulticultural -anagement 01110 Gul# Publishing

Company,

"ouston, $% USA:

;aehi0 3 41DD+53 Ine!naional >anage%en: A C!oss7Culu!al and ;un-ional Pe!s#e-i/e3

Prentice!"all, &ngleood Cli##s, USA:

;e!nande0 J3P3 41DD,53 2he #iversity Advantage( How American Business !an 3ut4

%erform

;u2u"a%a0 ;3 4*'''53 2rust( 2he Social Virtues and the !reation of %rosperity. 'iane

Publishing Company:

)oldman0 A3 41DD(53 ?oing Business 8ih he Ja#anese: A Guide o Su--ess.ul

Co%%uni-aion3 SU() Press: 11@71D(3


22/22

GLOBAL BUSINESS CULTURAL ANALYSIS: JAPAN **

'apanese and European !ompanies in the )lobal -ar&etplace. *e+ingtin Books,

acmillan,

(e )ork, USA:

Ja-2son0 T3 41DD,53 C!oss7Culu!al >anage%en3 Butterorth!"einemann, *inacre "ouse,

-ordan "ill, U..:

Heinrich %5 )alan !5 Language Li.e in Ja#an: T!ans.o!%aions and P!os#e-s3 Ta"lo! and

;!an-is3: ,&7*+13

S-a!bo!ough0 J3 41DD53 2he 3rigins of !ultural #ifference and their 6mpact on

-anagement.

/uorum Books:

7amaguchi S3 Y3 4*'''53 High4conte"t and ow4conte"t !ultures: Value System Variations

for

American and 'apanese University Students and 2heir $esultant !ommunication

%atterns5 Oregon State University:
http://www.google.ru/search?hl=uk&tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Shinobu+Yume+Yamaguchi%22http://www.google.ru/search?hl=uk&tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Shinobu+Yume+Yamaguchi%22

Documents

Business Draft Three