Buon appetite!A sandwich survey of

Altomonte’s Italian Market & Delicatessen

By Nicole Cianciarulo, Amanda Hofstaedter & Kaycee Schaefer

About Altomonte’sAltomonte’s is an authentic

Italian Market that takes pride in preparing the

highest quality food “just like mom used to do at

home”.

Using “the finest luncheon meats and cheeses”, they create quality sandwiches and hoagies “served on

crusty Italian bread” which is baked fresh daily in their

own bakery.

Location812 N. Easton Rd

Doylestown, PA 18901Ph: 215-489-8889 Fax:215-489-5333

Store HoursMonday 9am-7pmTuesday 9am-7pm

Wednesday 9am-7pmThursday 9am-7pm

Friday 9am-7pmSaturday 9am-6pm

Sunday 9am-4pm

Owner:Mike

Owner:Frances

The Family

Some of the

Specialty Foods

Altomonte’s Menu

Overview of ProjectWe want to explore the ordering habits of the customers

who eat at Altomonte’s Italian Market .

We will collect all of the order slips over a three-day period and randomly select 50 customers from each day to generate our study sample.

These slips will provide all customer ordering information, allowing us to easily conduct our tests.

We will test for the…• Percentage of customers who actually order Italian items•Association between the type of meats ordered and the gender of the customer•Proportion of male customers who order large sizes compared to female customers• Association between the order method and the gender of the customer

Exploratory &

Inferential Analysis of

Data

  Italian Delux Turkey Ham Beef Tuna Salad Chicken Salad Other TOTAL

Male 35 10 18 4 2 5 8 24 106

Female 28 6 15 2 4 1 4 10 70

TOTAL 63 16 33 6 6 6 12 34 176

HOT Steak Chicken Steak Beef Pork Meatball Chicken Cutlet Other TOTAL

Male 15 8 1 4 1 4 16 49

Female 4 2 1 3 1 1 9 21

TOTAL 19 10 2 7 2 5 25 70

HOT & COLD HOT COLD TOTAL

Male 49 106 155

Female 21 70 91

TOTAL 70 176 246

SANDWICH SIZE Large Small TOTAL

Male 109 48 157

Female 56 33 89

TOTAL 165 81 246

ORDER SIZE 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL

Male 61 25 5 4 1 1 97

Female 26 20 4 2 0 1 53

TOTAL 87 45 9 6 1 2 150

METHOD OF ORDER Here Pick-Up TOTAL

Male 71 26 97

Female 40 13 53

TOTAL 111 39 150

PREFERENCE Hoagie Sandwich TOTAL

Male 139 17 156

Female 76 14 90

TOTAL 215 31 246

ITALIAN ITEMS ITALIAN OTHER TOTAL

Male 46 69 115

Female 35 37 72

TOTAL 81 106 187

Italian26%

Delux7%

Turkey13%

Ham2%

Beef2%

Tuna2%

Chicken Salad5%

Other Cold14%

Steak8%

Chicken Steak4%

Beef Hot1%

Pork3%

Meatball1%

Chicken Cutlet2%

Other Hot10%

Hoagie Types

1-Proportion Z-Test: Italian Items OrderedOverall, there is a larger percentage of non-Italian items ordered than Italian.

Females are very normally distributed, with a nearly equal proportion of the population ordering Italian items to the proportion ordering non-Italian.

Males are very slightly skewed, demonstrating a preference towards non-Italian items.

Male40%

Male60%

Female49%Female

51%

ITALIAN OTHER

AssumptionsState

1.SRS2.np

n(1-p)3.pop ≥ 10n

Check1. yes2. 187(0.23)

187(1-0.23)3. pop ≥

10(187)

≥ 10 ≥ 10

Hypothesis

Z= =6.6014

P(z>6.6014)=2.0464 x 10-11

Ho: p=0.23

Ha: p>0.23Calculations

ConclusionsWe reject Ho because our p-value < α =

0.05.We have sufficient evidence that the true proportion of Italian items ordered is greater than 0.23.

* We chose our null hypothesis assuming that all sandwiches are enjoyed equally. Dividing the three Italian choices (Italian, Delux, and Meatball) by the thirteen offered options in total, the proportion came out to be 0.23.

Based on the results of our 1-Proportion Z Test, we can infer that customers who order from Altomonte’s tend to favor the Italian items on the menu.

npppp)1(

ˆ

2-Proportion Z-Test:Number of Large Hoagies Ordered

Overall, there is a greater number of large hoagies ordered than small hoagies.

Males had a greater difference in the amount of smalls ordered versus the amount of larges ordered than females. Yet, both gender populations demonstrate a greater interest in larger sized hoagies.

Large

Small

109

48

56

33

Male Female

AssumptionsState

1.2 ind. SRS2.n1p1

n1 (1-p1)n2p2

n2 (1-p2)3. pop1 ≥ 10n1

pop2 ≥ 10n2

Check1. yes2. 157(0.694)

157(1-0.694)88(0.636)88(1-0.636)

3. pop1 ≥ 10(157)pop2 ≥ 10(88)

≥ 10 ≥ 10

*1=Male 2=Female

ˆˆˆ

ˆ

Hypothesis

Z= =0.9272P(z>0.9272)=0.1769

Ho: p1=p2Ha: p1>p2

Calculations

ConclusionsWe fail to reject Ho because our p-value > α = 0.05.We have sufficient evidence that the true proportion of males who order large hoagies is equal to the proportion of females who order large hoagies.

* We chose our alternative hypothesis stating that males would order a greater number of large hoagies compared to females. We chose this because we felt that since males tend to eat more, they would choose a larger sized hoagie than females.

Based on the results of our 2-Proportion Z Test, we can infer that customers—no matter if they are male or female—who order from Altomonte’s are more likely to order a large hoagie.

*1=Male 2=Female

)11)(ˆ1(ˆ

ˆˆ

21

21

nnpp

pp

Chi-Square Test for Association:Cold Cuts vs. Gender

Overall, there is a larger percent of females who ordered Italian hoagies compared to the males.

Males seemed to have ordered more hoagies categorized as “other” than females.

Overall, females seem to have larger percentages in most of the cold cut categories compared to the males.

Italian33%

Delux9%

Turkey17%Ham

4%

Beef2%

Tuna Salad5%

Chicken Salad8%

Other23%

Male

Italian40%

Delux9%

Turkey21%

Ham3%

Beef6%

Tuna Salad1%

Chicken Salad6%

Other14%

Female

AssumptionsState

1.2 ind. SRS

2.All expected counts ≥ 5

Check1. Yes

2. Yes

Hypothesis

…=6.0375

P( >6.0375|df=7)=0.5354

Ho: There is no association btw gender and cold cut.Ha: There is an association btw gender and cold cut. Calculations

ConclusionsWe fail to reject Ho because our p-value > α = 0.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no association between gender and cold cut.

Based on the results of our chi-square test, we can infer that males and females that order from Altomonte’s show no difference in preference of cold cuts on their hoagies.

expexp)( 2

2

obs

943.37)943.3735( 2

6364.9

)6364.910( 2

2

Chi-Square Test for Association:Order Method vs. GenderOverall, there is a larger number of customers who placed their order at the store rather than calling it in for pick-up.

Males had the large majority of orders that were placed at the store compared to that of females.

We believe that the males could have placed more orders while present at the store because perhaps they didn’t plan ahead/were too lazy; unlike the females.

Here Pick-Up0

20

40

60

80

100

120

FemaleMale

AssumptionsState

1.2 ind. SRS

2.All expected counts ≥ 5

Check1. Yes

2. Yes

Hypothesis

…=0.0923

P( >0.0923|df=1)=0.7613

Ho: There is no association btw gender and order method.Ha: There is an association btw gender and order method. Calculations

ConclusionsWe fail to reject Ho because our p-value > α = 0.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no association between gender and order method.

Based on the results of our chi-square test, we can infer that males and females that order from Altomonte’s show no difference in placing their order at the store or over the phone for pick-up.

expexp)( 2

2

obs

78.71)78.7171( 2

22.25

)22.2526( 2

2

Bias and Error• Orders written down

incorrectly

• Excluding “Other” category in Italian proportion test

• Using only one Italian deli

• Restricted to people only in the area

Personal OpinionsData:

• Males order more large-sized hoagies than females

• Females order by call and pick-up method more than males

Project:• Retrieving and analyzing

data time consuming process

Conclusion• Many people order Italian selections

– Given there are three hoagie selections considered “Italian” and ten that are not, Altomonte’s is maintaining its Italian reputation

• Females order large-sized hoagies just as much as males

• Gender doesn’t make a difference in cold cut preference

• Males call in their orders for pick-up just as much as females