Building resilience for adaptation to climate change in the fisheries and aquaculture sector: A global perspective and FAO roadmap Cassandra De Young Fisheries and Aquaculture Department FAO Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Outline 1.What is at stake? 2.What are the climate risks and vulnerabilities? 3.How can we respond? - Adaptation measures at national and local scales - Explore mitigation options 4.What is FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department doing vis--vis climate change? Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Over 500 million people depend directly or indirectly on fisheries and aquaculture for their livelihoods Aquatic foods provide essential nutrition for 4 billion people and at least 50% of animal protein and minerals to 400 million people in the poorest countries. Fish products are among the most widely- traded foods, with more than 37% by volume of world production traded internationally. 1. What is at stake? Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Biophysical changes from global warming Ocean currents ENSO Sea level rise Rainfall River flows Lake levels Thermal structure Storm Severity Storm frequency Acidification Effects on: Production Ecology Fishing & Aquaculture operations Communities Livelihoods Wider society & Economy Impacts on: Species composition Production & yield Distribution Diseases Coral bleaching Calcification Safety & efficiency Infrastructure Loss/damage to assets Risk to health & life Displacement & conflict Adaptation & mitigation costs Market impacts Water allocation 2. CC impacts on fisheries and aquaculture Badjeck et al, 2010 Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Predicted effects on fisheries catch potential Cheung et al Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Understanding Vulnerabilities: IPCC model applied to FI&AQ Adapted from FAO (2006) Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Understanding vulnerabilities: applied fisheries example Global mapping of national economies vulnerability to climate change impacts on fisheries Allison et al, 2009 Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia 3. What can be done? Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Preparing and responding to the impacts: adaptation to climate change through broader vulnerability reduction Ecological, Economic and Social Resilience implementation of ecosystem approach to fisheries and aquaculture, the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries livelihood diversification, flexible access rights, public and private insurance Technological innovation Planned adaptation policy coherence across sectors (water, agriculture, forestry, CZM) Disaster preparedness and response Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Mitigation - Oceans, aquatic ecosystems Removing emissions: Carbon capture and storage (sea beds, phytoplankton, and blue carbon) BIG NUMBERS 93% carbon storage and 30% sequestration Halt the disruption of carbon sequestration in aquatic ecosystems by, e.g., habitat destruction Implement mangroves and floodplain forests in REDD+ and develop blue carbon funds Avoiding or displacing emissions: Renewable energy potential tides, currents, waves, wind, hydropower, aquatic biofuels Reducing emissions: Emissions reductions from aquatic food production systems and maritime transport Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia 4. FAO-FI &AQ activities on climate change Building bridges between science and policy Understanding country priorities and assisting their implementation through funding, partnering and technical support Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Supporting coordinated action: the Global Partnership on Climate, Fisheries and Aquaculture (PaCFA)Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Assisting countries understand CC implications and participate in CC discussions Latin and South America (2011) Vulnerability and adaptation analyses, workshops, awareness raising, defining priorities Enhancing adaptation capacity Development of guidance Lake Chad Basin (2011) Benguela Current (2011) Vietnam (2012) Pacific SIDS (2012) Caribbean SIDS (2012) Synthesis and analysis (2012) Expert Workshop on vulnerability modeling (2012) Global Workshop on guidance (2013) Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Communicating & Informing Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Advocating for inclusion Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Climate Change Priorities FI&AQ Strategy Climate change partnerships to support cooperation and to develop policy and management initiatives Knowledge base for policy development and to raise awareness of the importance of the sector, CC implications and vulnerabilities, science policy bridge Mitigation actions for sector at the global, regional and national levels; GHG emissions and mitigation potentials. Climate change adaptation strategies within sector development frameworks at the global, regional and national levels Lesson-learning and capacity-building processes with partners through specific tools, such as strategies and best practices. Communication strategy for a range of audiences and develop a coordinated approach to global planning and feedback. Resources to support prioritized actions Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia Thank you! Priority adaptations to climate change for Pacific fisheries and aquaculture: reducing risks and capitalising on opportunities 5-8 June 2012 Noumea, New Caledonia