BS EN 00138꞉1994 (EN) ᴾᴼᴼᴮᴸᴵᶜᴽ

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CEN EN*:L38 9 4 W 3 L i 0 4 5 8 9 008bb95 T T 7 I --BRITISH STANDARD

Respiratory protective

devices

Fresh air hose breathingapparatus for use with fullface mask, half mask or

mouthpiece assemblyRequirements, testing, marking

The European Standard E N 138 : 1994 has the status of aBritish Standard

UDC 614.894 73 U20 1

BS EN

138 : 1994

Copyright European Committee for StandardizationProvided by IHS under license with CEN

Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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8/13/2019 BS EN 00138꞉1994 (EN) ᴾᴼᴼ ᴸBᴵc ᴽ


C E N E N U L 3 8 94 m 3404589 0086696 933 m

BS EN 138 :1994

Standards Board and comes into

15 January 1995

BSI 1995

effect on Amd. No. Date

The followingBSI referencesrelate to the work on thisstandard:Committee reference PSM/14Draft for comment 89/37754 DC

ISBN O 580 2223û

Cooperating organizations

Text affected

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision

this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standardsorganizations of the following countries:

AustriaBelgiumDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceIcelandIreland

ItalyLuxembourgNetherlands

NorwayPortugalSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUnited Kingdom

Oesterreichisches NormungsinstitutInstitut belge de normalisationDansk StandardSuomen Standardisoimisliito, . y.Association francaise de normalisationDeutsches Institut für Normung e.V.Hellenic Organization for StandardizationTechnological Institute of IcelandNational Standards Authority of Ireland

Ente Nazionale Italiano di UnificazioneInspection du Travail et des MinesNederlands Normalisatie-instituutNorges StandardiseringsforbundInstituto Portuguès da QualidadeAsociación Española de Normalización y CertificaciónStandardiseringskommissionen SverigeAssociation suisse de normalisationBritish Standards Institution



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~~~

C E N E N x L 3 8 9 4 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 b b î 7 8 7 T

BS EN 138 : 1994

Contents

w eCooperating organizations Inside front coverNational foreword i

Foreword 2

Specification

Introduction

1 Scope

3

3

2 Normative references 3

3 Definitions and nomenclature 3

4 Description 3

5 Classification 4

6 Requirements 47 Testing 7

8 Marking 18

9 Instructions for use 18

1 Classification of apparatus 4

2 Strength of breathing hose connections 4

3 Breathing resistance 7

Tàbles

4 Esting schedule 8

Figures

1 Measurement of strength of couplings 9

2 Wooden blocks as used in pratica1 performance test 10

3 Schematic diagram of flammability test apparatus 12

4 Measurement of collapse of air supply hose 13

5 14

6 Arrangement to assess strength of air supply hose 14

7 Box for testing exhalation valve leakage 15

8 Measurement of exhalation valve leakage using a single cylinderbreathing machine 16

9 Measurement of exhalation valve leakage using a twin cylinderbreathing machine 17

National annexesNA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover

NB informative) Cross-references Inside back cover

Arrangement of apparatus for assessment of resistance to kinking

iCopyright European Committee for StandardizationProvided by IHS under license with CEN


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CEN E N * L 3 8 9 4 m 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 b b 9 8 7 0 b m

BS EN 138 : 1994

National foreword

his British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the PersonalSafety Equipment Standards Policy Committee and is the English languageversion of EN 138 : 1994 Respiratorg protective devices - Fresh a ir hose breathinga p p a ra tu s o r u se w i th u l l face mask hal f mask r mouthpiece assembly -Requirements testing, marking published by the European Committee forStandardization (CEN). 'Iògether with BS EN 139, BS EN 269 and BS EN 270 itsupersedes BS 4667 : Part 3 : 1974, which is withdrawn.

EN 138 was produced as a result of international discussions in which theUnited Kingdom took an active part .

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

from legal obligations.



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ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

C E R E N * L 3 8 94 3404589 0086699 642

EUROPEAN STANDARD E N 138

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 1994

UDC 614.894.73 : 620.1

Descriptors: Respiratory protective equipment, accident prevention, specifications, tests, marking

English version

Respiratory protective devices Fresh air hose breathingapparatus for use with full face mask, half mask or

mouthpiece assembly Requirements, testing, marking

Appareils de protection respiratoire -Appareils de protection respiratoire à air libreavec masque complet, demi-masque ouensemble embout buccal - Exigences, essais,marquage

Atemschutzgeräte -Frischluft-Schlauchgerätein Verbindung mitVollmaske, Halbmaske oder Mundstückgarnitur

Anforderungen, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-08-17. CEN membersare bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whichstipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of anational standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to anyCEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,German), A version in any other language made by translation under theresponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to theCentral Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland andUnited Kingdom.

CENEuropean Committee for Standardization

Comité Européen de NormalisationEuropäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 russels

O 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN membersRef. No. EN 138 : 1994 E



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CEN E N * 1 3 8 ï Y W 3YOY589 867 194 W

Page 2EN 138 : 1994

ForewordThis European Standard has been prepared by theTechnical Committee CEN/TC 79, Respiratoryprotective devices, the Secretariat of which is heldby DIN.

This European Standard has been prepared under amandate given to CEN by the EuropeanCommission and the European Free TradeAssociation, and supports essential requirements ofthe EC Directive(s).

This European Standard shall be given the status ofa national standard, either by publication of an

identical text or by endorsement, at the latest byFebruary 1995, and conflicting national standardsshallbe withdrawn at the latest by February 1995.

According to the CENKENELEC InternalRegulations, the foliowing countries are bound toimplement this European Standard: Austria,Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland, United Kingdom.



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CEN E N u L 3 8 94 3404589 008bïOL O20

IntroductionA given respiratory protective device can only beapproved when the individual components satisfythe requirements of the test specification, whichmay be a complete standard or part of a standard,and practical performance tests have been carriedout on complete apparatus where specified in theappropriate standard. If for any reason a completeapparatus is not tested then simulation of theapparatus is permitted provided the respiratorycharacteristics and weight distribution are similarto those of the complete apparatus.

1 ScopeThis European Standard specifies minimumrequirements for fresh air hose breathing apparatusfor use with a full face mask, a half mask or amouthpiece assembly as a respiratory protectivedevice. Two classes of apparatus are covered, thedifferentiation resulting from mechanicalperformance and not respiratory protection. Escapeand diving apparatus and that used in abrasiveblasting operations are not covered by thisstandard.Laboratory and practical performance tests are

included for the assessment of compliance with therequirements.

2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated orundated reference, provisions from otherpublications. These normative references are citedat the appropriate places in the text and thepublications are listed hereafter. For datedreferences, subsequent amendments to or revisionsof any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by

amendment or revision. For undated references thelatest edition of the publication referred to applies.

EN 132 : 1990

EN 134 : 1990

EN 136 : 1989

EN 140 : 1989

EN 142 : 1989

EN 148-1 1987

Respiratory protective devicesDefinitions

Respiratory protective devices -Nomenclature of components

Respiratory protective devicesFull face masksRequirements, testing, marking

Respiratory protective devicesH a w masks and quarter masks

Requirements, testing7

m a r k i n g

Respiratory protective devicesMouthpiece assembliesRequirements, testing7 m ar kin g

Respiratory protective àevicesThreads fo r fmepiecesStandard thread connection

Page 3

EN 138 : 1994

EN 148-2 : 1987 Respiratory protec tive devices -Threads o r acepieces Centrethread connection

Respiratory protective devices -Threads fo r acepieces - Threadconnection M 45 x 3

hose assembliesDetermination of electricalresistance (IS0 8031 : 1987)

IS0 6941 : 19841 Ext i l e abr ic s - BurningAMD 1 : 1992 behavio ur Measurement of

fl am e speed properties ofvertically oriented specimens

EN 148-3

EN 28031 : 1993 Rubber and plastics hoses and

3 Definitions and nomenclatureFor the purposes of this European Standard thedefinitions and nomenclature given in EN 132 andEN 134 respectively apply together with thefollowing.

3.1 fresh air hose breathing apparatus for usewith a full face mask, half mask or amouthpiece assembly

Apparatus which is not self-contained in whichbreathable fresh air is drawn from an air sourcewith or without the assistance of a device.

3.2 overflow valve

A non-return valve, fitted to the breathing hose,that is specifically designed to allow the excess airsupply to escape to atmosphere.

3.3 breathing bag

A device which compensates for variation in the airsupply and provides for peak inhalation flowrequirements.

4 DescriptionNOTE. The term suitable facepiece means a facepiece

complying with EN 136, EN 140 or EN 142 as appropriate.

4.1 Fresh air hose breathing apparatus(unassisted)

This apparatus enables the wearer to be providedwith breathable air supplied by his own breathingaction through an air supply hose to a full facemask or mouthpiece assembly. The exhaled airflows into the ambient atmosphere. This type ofapparatus is class 2 only and cannot incorporate ahalf mask.

4.2 Fresh air hose breathing apparatus(manually assisted)

This apparatus enables the wearer to be providedwith breathable air which is forced through a lowpressure air supply hose by a manually operateddevice (blower) to a suitable facepiece. In anemergency the wearer is able to inhale whether ornot the blower is operating. The exhaled and



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CEN EN*:L38 74 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 7 0 2 T b ï

1

2

Page 4

EN 138: 1994

Light duty construction

Heavy duty construction

excess air flows into the ambient atmosphere. Thistype o f apparatus can be class 1or class 2.

In certain circumstances a breathing bag or similardevice may be necessary.

4.3 Fresh air hose breathing apparatus (power

operated)

This apparatus enables the wearer to be providedwith breathable air which is forced through a lowpressure air supply hose by a motor driven bloweror other device such as a compressed air injector toa suitable facepiece. In an emergency the wearer isable to inhale whether or not the device is

operating. The exhaled and excess air flows intothe ambient atmosphere. This type of apparatuscan be class 1 or class 2 .

In certain circumstances a breathing bag or similardevice may be necessary.

5 Classification and designation

5.1 Classification

Apparatus shall be classified in terms of robustnessof construction in accordance with table 1.

a b l e 1. Classification of apparatus

I cl ss I Apparatus details I

6 Requirements

6.1 Materials

6. I. 1 All materials used in the construction shallhave adequate mechanical strength, durability andresistance to deterioration by heat.

6.1.2 Exposed parts, i.e. those which may besubjected to impact during use of the apparatusshall not be made of aluminium, magnesium,titanium or alloys containing such proportions ofthese metais aswill, on impact, give rise tofrictional sparks capable of igniting flammable gasmixtures

6.1.3 Materials that may come into direct contactwith the wearer's skin or that may affect thequality of the breathed ar shall not be known tobe likely to cause skin irritation or any otheradverse effect to health.

6.1.4 The finish of any part of the apparatus likelyto be in contact with the wearer shall be free fromsharp edges and burrs.

6.1.5 Compliance with 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3 and6.1.4 shall be assessed in accordance with 7.2.

6.2 Water immersion

The apparatus shall continue to functionsatisfactorily after being submerged in water andshall meet the requirements of 6.19.

WARNING. The apparatus is not designed for useunder water.

Testing in accordance with 7.3.6.3 Cleaning and disinfecting

The materials used shall withstand the cleaningand disinfection agents and proceduresrecommended by the manufacturer.

Rsting in accordance with 7.2.

6.4 Practical performance test

The apparatus shall be such that it can be wornwithout avoidable discomfort, the wearers shallshow no undue signs of strain attributable towearing the apparatus, and it shall impede thewearer as ittle aspossible when in a crouchedposition or when working in a confined space.NUIT. These tests serve the purpose of checking the equipmentfor imperfections that cannot be determined by the testsdescribed elsewhere in this standard.

Where in the opinion of the test station approval isnot granted because practical performance testsshow the apparatus has imperfections related towearer's acceptance, the test station shall describethe tests which revealed these imperfections. Thiswill enable other test stations to duplicate the testsand assess the results thereof.

sting in accordance with 7.4.

6.5 Connectors

6.5.1 GeneralComponents of the apparatus shall be readilyseparated for cleaning, examining and testing.

All demountable connections shall be readilyconnected and secured, where possible by hand.Any means of sealing shall be retained in positionwhen the joints or couplings are disconnectedduring normal maintenance.

Rsting in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.

6.5.2 Couplings

The apparatus shall be constructed s that anytwisting of the breathing hose or fresh air supplyhose does not affect the fit or performance of theapparatus, or cause either hose to becomedisconnected. The design of the coupling shall besuch as to prevent unintentional interruption of theair supply.

sting in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.



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C E N E N * L 3 8 9 4 m 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086703 ï T 3 m

Facepiece

Full face mask

Half maskMouthpiece assembly

6.5.3 Strength of breathing hose connectionsWhen tested in accordance with 7.5 couplings ofthe breathing hose at the equipment connector andwaist belt shall withstand the forces given intable 2.

Class Force

1 50

50

1 50

1 50

2 250

N

6.6 Connection between apparatus andfacepiece

The connection between the breathing apparatusand the facepiece may be achieved by apermanent, special or thread type connector.If a thread connector is used it shall comply withthe requirements of one of the following standards:

EN 148-1 for breathing apparatus without

positive pressure;EN 148-2 for closed-circuit breathing apparatus;EN 148-3 for breathing apparatus with positivepressure.

If any other thread type connector is used it shallnot be possible to connect it with the abovementioned threads.The standard thread according to EN 148-1 shallnot be used for apparatus with positive pressure,closed-circuit apparatus and diving apparatus.The thread according to EN 148-2 shall not be usedfor open-circuit devices and diving apparatus.

The thread according to EN 148-3 shall not be usedfor apparatus without positive pressure,closed-circuit apparatus and diving apparatus.

6.7 Body harness, belt and breathing bag

6.7.1 A body harness or belt shall be provided towhich the breathing hose and breathing bag, iffitted, shall be attached. Buckles shall not slip.Testing in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.

6.7.2 It shall not be possible to connect the airsupply hose directly to the breathing hose orfacepiece.Testing in accordance with 7.2.

6.7.3 When a breathing bag is fitted it shall beprotected against damage.Testing in accordance with 7.2.

6.8 Resistance to temperature

6.8.1 After storage in accordance with 7.7.1 ailother performance requirements of this standardshall be met.

Page 5

EN 138:1994

6.8.2 After storage in accordance with 7.7.1, theapparatus shall comply with 6.19 and shallcontinue to operate satisfactorilyas assessed by theprocedures of 7.7.2 and 7.7.3.

6.8.3 Apparatus specifically designed fortemperatures beyond the limits for storage or usegiven in 7.7.1 shall be tested and markedaccordingly.

6.9 Flammability

When tested in accordance with 7.8 all exposedcomponents of the apparatus shall not continue toburn for more than 5 s after removal from theflame.

6.10 Air supply system

6.10.1 Unassisted air supplu

The air supply hose shall be fitted with a strainerat the free end to exclude debris. Provision shall bemade for securely anchoring the free end of thehose and strainer.Testing in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.

6.10.2Manuallu assisted air supplg

Manually assisted blowers shall be capable of beingoperated continuously by one man at themanufacturer’s minimum air supply rate for at least

30 min.It is recommended that apparatus provided with amanually assisted air supply should incorporate abreathing bag or similar device.

6.10.3 Power operated ai r supplg

Rotary type blowers shall be capable of maintaininga positive air pressure with either direction ofrotation, or they shall be designed to operate inone direction only. Where the blower can operatein either direction th e direction of operation inwhich the blower delivers the lesser volume of airshall be used in t he tests.

6.11 Air supply hose6.11.1Resistance to collapse

6.11.1.1 Unass2sted apparatusWhen unassisted apparatus is tested in accordancewith 7.9 with an applied load of 1000 N theincrease in breathing resistance shall not exceed1 mbar.

6.11.1.2 Manually assisted or power operatedapparatusWhen manually assisted and power operatedapparatus is tested in accordance with 7.9 thereduction in air flow shall not exceed 10 % when

an applied force of 250 N is used for class1

or anapplied force of 1000 N is used for class 2 .

6.11.2 Resistance to kinking

6.11.2.1 UnassZsted appa ratu sWhen unassisted apparatus is tested in accordancewith 7.10 with an applied load of 250 N theincrease in breathing resistance shall not exceed1 mbar.



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CEN EN i<L38 94 m 3404589 0086704 83T m

Page 6EN 138 : 1994

6.11.2.2 Manually assisted m ower operatedapparatus

When manually assisted or power operatedapparatus is tested in accordance with 7.10 hereduction in air flow shall not exceed 10 % whenan applied force of 125 N is used for class 1 or anapplied force of 250 N is used for class 2.

6.11.3 Strength

The air supply hose, couplings and continuous flowvalve (if present) shall not separate when tested inaccordance with 7.11.

6.11.4Flexibilitg

The air supply hose shall be capable of beingwound on to a drum 500 mm in diameter.

Testing in accordance with 7.2

6.11.6Heat resistance

Air supply hose claimed to be resistant to damagefrom contact with hot surfaces and boiling watershall be tested in accordance with 7.12and shallshow no s i g n s of damage or indications of failureand the air quality shall not be significantlyaffected.

6.11.6 Electrostatic properties

Air supply hoses claimed to be antistatic, whentested in accordance with EN 28031 makingconnections to the couplings shall have anelectrical resistance measured complete withcouplings that is greater than lo3 nd less than108 n.

6.12 Breathing hose

Breathing hoses shall be flexible and non-kinking.The breathing hoses shall permit free headmovement and shall not restrict or close off the airsupply under chin or arm pressure during practicalperformace tests.

Testing in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.

6.13Overflow valve

Where a standard thread (EN 148-1) is used as anequipment connector and where the equipment ismanually assisted or power operated an overflowvalve shall be fitted. It shall be protected against orbe resistant to dirt and mechanical damage.

The overflow valve shall continue to function aftera constant flow of air through the valve at300 V m i n for 1 min and after being subjected to anegative pressure of 80 mbar for 1min.

When tested in accordance with 7.13 the overflowvalve shall be leaktight.

6.14Continuous flow valve

A continuous flow valve, when fitted, shall beeasily adjusted by the wearer to supply air asrequired. With the complete apparatus in minimumflow conditions, and the overflow valve, if fitted,

closed, the continuous flow valve shall deliver notless than 120 l/min in the minimum flow positionand not less than 300 Vmin in the maximum flowposition measured at the outlet of the breathinghose. If the valve is designed to shut off it shall notbe possible inadvertently to reduce the flow below120 l/min.lèsting in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.

6.15Adjustable partsAll parts requiring manipulation by the wearershall be readily accessible and easily distinguishablefrom one another by touch. All adjustable partsand controls shall be constructed so that theiradjustment is not liable to accidental alterationduring use. Parts that are not intended foradjustment by a wearer shall require the use oftools for their adjustment.lèsting in accordance with 7.2and 7.4.

6.16 FacepiecesFull face masks, half masks and mouthpieceassemblies shall comply with EN 136, E N 140 orEN 142 as appropriate.lèsting in accordance with 7.2 and 7.4.

6.17 nward leakage

Where the full face mask or half mask is fittedwith a connection not complying with EN 148-1the complete apparatus shall be tested inaccordance with clause 6.4of EN 136 : 1989 andthe inward leakage shall comply with clause 4.7 nE N 136 : 1989 for full face masks and with clause4.6 in EN 140 : 1989 for half masks.For ?assisted?apparatus the test is carried out atthe manufacturer?sstated minimum air flow.

6.18 nhalation and exhalation valvesAll complete apparatus not fitted with a standardthread shall be provided with an inhalation valveand one or more exhalation valves. Valve

assemblies shall be such that they can be readilymaintained and correctly replaced. It shall not bepossible to fit an inhalation valve assembly in theexpiratory circuit.Exhalation valves not tested for leakage in thecourse of assessing compliance with EN 136,EN 140 or EN 142 shall be tested in accordancewith 7.16and the leakage shall not exceed 0,Ol %.

Testing in accordance with 7.16.

6.19 Breathing resistance

6.19.1 A l l apparatus

After being subjected to the storage temperatures

given in 7.7.1 and subsequently tested on abreathing machine in accordance with 7.14 hebreathing resistances shall not exceed the limitsgiven in table 3.

6.19.2Manuallu assisted and power operatedapparatus

When tested in accordance with 7.14.2 heinhalation resistance shall not exceed 10 mbar.



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CEN EN*L38 74 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086705 7 7 6

inhalation

resistance

(complete with

facepiece)

Page 7EN 138 : 1994

inhalation

resistance

(without

facepiece)

I làble 3. Breathing resistance I

Unassisted (without blower or other device)

Manually assisted or power operated (with bloweror other device operating normally)

5 P e

10 7,5 370

4,5 4,5 10,o

Exhalation

resistance

(complete with

facepiece)

6.20 Carbon dioxide content of the inhalationair

Where apparatus uses an equipment connector notcomplying with EN 148-1 (standard thread) theapparatus shall be tested in accordance with 5.6 ofEN 136 : 1989 and the carbon dioxide content ofthe inhaled air shall be not greater than an averageof 1 *ó by volume.For assisted apparatus the test is carried out a t themanufacturer’s stated minimum air flow.

6.21 LeaktightnessWhen tested in accordance with 7.6.1 the changein pressure shall not be greater than 1 mbar. Powerassisted apparatus may alternatively be tested inaccordance with 7.6.2 and no bubbles shall beobserved escaping from the apparatus.

7 Testing

7.1 GeneralIf no special measuring devices or measuringmethods are specified, commonly used methodsand devices should be applied.The flammability test in 7.8 shall be carried out ontwo unconditioned test samples which are not thenused for other tests.The conditioning procedures described in 7.7.1 and7.7.2 shall be completed on two further test

samples prior to the remaining tests being carriedout.The leaktightness test shall be carried out on theconditioned samples after all other tests except thepractical performance test. The practicalperformance test shall be carried out using the twoconditioned samples after all other tests (with theexception of 7.8) have been completed.làble 4 details the tests and requirements clausenumbers. In all tests, both test samples need tomeet the requirements.

7.2 Visual inspectionA visual inspection is made by the appropriatetesting authority prior to laboratory or practicalperformance tests. This may entail a certainamount of dismantling in accordance with themanufacturer’s instructions for maintenance. Thevisual inspection includes marking and instructionsfor use.

7.3 Water immersionThe apparatus including facepiece is connected to abreathing machine by a flexible hose. Depending

on the facepiece used, different connectors need tobe used; apparatus with a full face mask or a half

mask shall be fitted to the Sheffield dummy headand apparatus with a mouthpiece shall beconnected directly to the outlet of the flexiblehose.The test is conducted with the breathing machineadjusted to 2 5 cycles/min and 2 l/stroke. Thecomplete apparatus as worn and sufficient lengthof air supply hose to carry out the test is immersedin water to a depth of between 0,25 m and 0,80 mfor a period of not less than 3 and not more than 5full breathing cycles. The test is carried out withthe apparatus immersed in the followingorientations:

a) upright and vertical;b) inverted and vertical;e) horizontal, face up;d) horizontal, face down.

Measurements of breathing resistance shall bemade at the appropriate pressure sample pointsusing a precision gauge. The breathing resistance isrecorded prior to and immediately after theimmersion.Presence of water in the facepiece after the testdoes not constitute a reason for failure and anywater present may be removed prior to

measurement of breathing resistance,7.4 Practical performance test7.4.1 General

Practical performance tests shall be carried outusing two sets of apparatus and four different testsubjects and a blower operator (if necessary).Apparatus which has satisfied the laboratory testsshall be used. The test plan shall be as shownbelow:

test subjects 1 and 3 use apparatus 1;

test subjects 3 and 4 se apparatus 2 .7.4.2 Test subjects

Apparatus shall be tested by test subjects whopractice regularly with breathing apparatus andwhose medical history is known to be satisfactory.The subjects shall be medically examined andcertified fit to undertake the test procedures.The necessity of a medical examinationimmediately before the tests and medicalsupervision during the tests shall be decided by thetesting officer.



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Page 8EN 138 : 1994

hble 4. TesGTest clause

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.5

7.6

7.7.2 and 7.7.7.8

7.9

7.10

7.11

7.12

7.13

7.14

7.15

scheduleTitle

Visual inspection

Water immersion

Practical performance test

Strength of breathing hose connections

Leaktightness

Resistance to temperatureFlammability

Resistance to collapse of air supply hose

Resistance to kinking of air supply hose

Strength of ar supply hose, body harness andcouplings

Heat resistance of air supply hose

Leakage of overflow valve

Breathing resistance

Exhalation valve leakage

lèmperature

conditioning to7.7.1 and 7.7.2

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

YesNo

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Requirement clause

6.1, 6.3, 6.5.1, 6.5.2,

6.7, 6.10, 6.15

6.2

6.4, 6.7, 6.10, 6.12,

6.15

6.5.3

6.21

6.86.9

6.11.1

6.11.2

6.11.3

6.11.5 (optional)

6.13

6.19

6.18 needed only ifnot complying withEN 136, EN 140 orEN142

7.4.3 Preparation of apparatus to be tested

Before each test the apparatus shall be checked forleaktightness. The length of air supply hoses shallbe the maximum specified.

7.4.4 lkst conditions

All tests shall be carried out at ambienttemperature and the test temperature andhumidity shall be recorded.

7.4.6 Work simulation testThe following activities shall be done in simulationof the practical use of the apparatus. This test shallbe continuous, without removal of the apparatusand to be completed within a total working time of30 min.

The sequence of activities is at the discretion of thetest officer.

a) 30 pulls on a working machine, each pullbeing vertical from 1,8 m towards the ground ona mass of 25 kg;

b) walking on the level with full headroom (totaldistance 125)*;

c) walking on the level with headroom of(1,3 0,2) m (total distance 200 m)*;

d) crawling on the level with headroom of(0,70 0 ,05 m (total distance 100 m) ;e) climbing up and down a ladder and passingonce, in both directions, through 460 mm squareopening (total vertical distance 20 m)*;f ) carrying 22 sandbags (12 kg) individually overa distance of 10 m and placing them on a 1,5 mhigh wall.

7.4.6 Irïfonnation to be recorded

During the test the apparatus is subjectivelyassessed by the wearer and the following shall berecorded:

a) harness comfort;b) security of fastenings and couplings;c) clarity of vision from the facepiece;d) ease of speech transmission;e) manoeuvrability of the air supply hose;f ) comfort of facepiece;g any other comments volunteered by thewearer.

7.5 Strength of breathing hose connectionsApply a force of 50 N or 250 N as appropriate for(10 1) s to the breathing hose as shown infigure 1.

Examine the apparatus for signs of failure.

These operations may be split for the convenience of the test officer.



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CEN EN*138 94 3404589 0086’707 549

Page 9EN 138 : 1994

250 N fo r class 2

or

50 N for class 1

250 N for class

or50 N for class 1

Figure 1. Arrangement for testing strength of breathing hose connections



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C E N ENtL38 74 3404587 0 0 8 b 7 0 8 485

Page 10EN 138 : 1994

7.6 Leaktightness

7.6.1 Plug the end of the breathing hose to forman airtight seal. Provide a positive pressure of(10 f 1 mbar in the air supply system from the airsupply hose to the breathing hose coupling to thefacepiece couplings. Measure this pressure. After1min measure the pressure again. Calculate thechange in pressure.

7.6.2 With the blower supplied with the apparatusconnected and running, immerse the air supplyhose, breathing hose, flow control valve, breathingbag, if fitted, and couplings in water and examine

them for leakage occurring.7.7Resistance to temperature

7.7.1Storage

The apparatus shall be exposed:

a) for not less than 4 h but not more than 16 hto an atmosphere of (60 f 3) O C and a relativehumidity of not less than 95 %; followed by

b) for not less than 4 h but not more than 16 hto a temperature of ( - 30 f 3) O C .

I t shall then be allowed to return to ambienttemperature.

7.7.2 Laboratory test @er storage

After undergoing the storage procedures inaccordance with 7.7.1 he apparatus is testedusing a breathing machine a t a minute volume of50 Vmin 25 cycledmin, 2 Vstroke) for at least30 min.

7.7.3Practical performance tests a t -6 O

7.7.3.1 W i t h cooled apparatus

Preparation

The facepieces of two sets of apparatus are cleanedinternally according to the manufacturer'sinstructions and any excess liquid is removedthoroughly by shaking. The sets of apparatus arethen made ready for use. Each apparatus ispre-cooled for not less than 2 h but not more than3 h to a temperature of ( - 6 f: 3 O C .

Procedure

Two warmly clothed subjects don the apparatus ina cold chamber and perform work at an ambienttemperature of ( - 6 f 3 O C . The test iscontinuous, without removal of the apparatus, for30 min.

The programme is divided into 5 min periods spent:

a) walking slowly;

b) crawling slowly;

c) carrying wooden blocks or similar over adistance of 6 m and stacking them to a height ofapproximately 1 m in a pattern as shown in

figure 2 . The wooden block dimensions areapproximately 160 mm x 160 mm to give a massof (7 f 1 kg.

At the end of the test each apparatus is examinedto check for malfunction due to low temperature.

The air flow through the air supply hose shall bemeasured at the equipment connector prior t o thetest, after cooling and at the end of the test.

Fimre 2.Wooden blocks as used in practical Derformance test



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CEN E N*L38 74 3404587 0086709 311

7.7.3.2 With apparatus a t room temperaturePreparat ion

Two sets of apparatus are prepared ready for useand conditioned for not less than 2 h but not morethan 3 h at (23 2) O C

Procedure

Two warmly clothed subjects don the apparatus atroom temperature (approximately 20 O C ) and entera cold chamber at ( - 6 3) OC. A similar testprogramme to that described in 7.7.3.1 is carriedout for a period of 30 min.

A t the end of the 30 min period the apparatus isexamined for malfunction.

7.8 Flammability

7.8.1Principle

The component under test is held for a specifiedperiod in a luminous flame of known size andtemperature and the effect on the componentnoted.

7.8.2 Apparatus (see figure 3

7.8.2.1 The burner is a TEKLU burner or thatdescribed in IS0 6941 : 1984/AMD 1 : 1992*

7.8.2.2 Propane cylinder.

7.8.2.3 Pressure regulatoi; pressu re gauge, flashback arresto? flow control devices.

7.8.2.4 Thermocouple, mineral insulated, 1,5 mmin diameter.

7.8.3 Procedure

With the air valve on the burner fully closed adjustthe flame height to (40 f 4) mm by regulation ofthe gas supply. Check, using the thermocouple,that the temperature (20 f 2) mm above the baseof the flame is (800 f 50) OC.

Hold the component under test horizontally at aheight of 20 2) mm above the base of the flamesuch that the flame impinges on the edge of thecomponent for 12 s.

Remove the component from the flame and notewhether or not it continues to burn 5 s afterremoval from the flame.

7.9 Resistance to collapse of air supply hose

7.9.1Apparatus

7.9.1.1 Two metal plates, 100 mm square, orcircular with diameter of 100 mm, one of which is

fixed and the other capable of moving at right

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EN 138 : 1994

angles to the plane of the plates and of beingloaded to produce a range of pressures between theplates (see figure 4, lass 1 with 250 N and class 2with 1000 N).

7.9.1.2 Flowm eter or manometer:

7.9.2 Procedure

7.9.2.1M anua lly assisted and power operatedapparatus

Place the air supply hose between the two platesand pass the manufacturer's designed air flowthrough the hose. Record the flow.

Apply the specified force to the moveable plateand measure and record the air flow again.

Calculate the change in flow

7.9.2.2 Unassisted apparatus

Place the air supply hose between the two platesand pass air at 160 l/min through the hose.Measure and record the resistance to flow in mbar.

Apply the specified force to the moveable plateand measure and record the resistance to flow inmbar.

Calculate the change in resistance.

7.10 Resistance to kinking of air supply hose

7.10.1 Apparatus

7.10.1.1 A means of bending the air supply hosethrough a right angle radiused to 5 mm (seefigure 5 .

7.10.1.2 Clamps to allow the loading of one endof the tube whilst the other end is fixed.

7.10.1.3 Flowmete?:

7.10.2 Procedure

Pass a one metre length of air supply hose around

the right angle and clamp one end (see figure 5 .Connect the flowmeter and the blower suppliedwith the facepiece to the hose. Operate the blowerand measure the air flow.

Load the free end of the hose with the appropriatemass and measure the air flow again.

Calculate the change in air flow.

Information on source available from Secretariat of CEN/TC 79.



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C E N E N r L 3 8 9 4 W 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086730 033

Page 12EN 138 : 1994

11

6 O

Dimensions in mm

1 Pressure gauge2 Flash back arrester

3 Flow control device

4 Flame

5 Shield

6 Burner

7 Propane cylinder

A

A

B

8

9

10

11

Tigure 3. Arrangement for testing flammability

Measurement of flame temperature

Material sample under test

ValvePressure regulator

Thermocouple

'kmperature measuring device

Air valve closed

Material under tes t



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CEN ENx138 94 = 3404589 0086'733 T 7 T W

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EN 138 : 1994

R 0 1000 N or 25 N

I

Dimensions in mm

Figure 4. Arrangement for testing collapse of air supply hose



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CEN E N * 1 3 8 94 = 3404589 0 0 8 b 7 L 2 906

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EN 138 : 1994

3 10

Dimensions in mm

--c 125 N or 2 5 N1000

Figure 5. Arrangement for testing resistance to kinking

7.11 Strength of air supply hose, body harnessand couplings

The belt or body harness with couplings andcontinuous flow valve (if present) is secured to adummy torso in an upright position. For class 2apparatus a steady pull of 1000 N is applied to theair supply hose in the direction of its axis for 5 minand for class 1, 250 N . Figure 6 shows suitable testdetails.

w\\ \i

2 5 N fo r closs 1or

1000 N for c loss 2

Figure 6. Arrangement for testing strength of

ir supply hose

7.12 Heat resistance of air supply hose

Set the apparatus to the minimum flow conditionand using a breathing machine adjusted to give asinusoidal flow rate of 20 cycledmin and 1 l/strokethrough the apparatus. Place approximately100 mm of the air supply hose in contact with ahot plate maintained at (130 & 15) O C andimmerse a further part in boiling water.

After 15 min remove the air supply hose from thehot plate and the boiling water, examine for signsof damage and check that the quality of the airpassing through the hose has not been significantlyaffected.

7.13 Leakage of overflow valve

A negative pressure of 10,O mbar is maintained

under the valve and the overflow valve isconsidered to be leaktight if the pressure does notchange by more than 1mbar in 1 min.In this test a volume of 500 ml shall be maintainedunder the valve.

7.14 Breathing resistance

7.14.1Ali apparatus

Fit the apparatus to a dummy head or torso or abreathing machine where a standard thread isused. Ensure that the length of air supply hose isthat submitted with the apparatus for test. Coilhalf the air supply hose to an inside diameter of

500 mm. Connect a breathing machine to thedummy head and operate it at a flow rate of50 l/min (25 cycledmin, 2 Ystroke). Measure andrecord the breathing resistance as follows:

a) inhalation resistance; with the continuousflow valve, if fitted, fully closed;b) exhalation resistance; with the continuousflow valve, if f itted, fully open.



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CEN EN* i138 9 4 3 4 0 4 5 8 7 0086713 8 4 2

O

o c me

10

7.14.2 Manually and power assisted appara tusManually or power assisted apparatus shall betested with the blower or other device inoperativeand at a flow rate of 20 l/min (20 cycledmin,1 htroke).

7.15 Exhalation valve leakage

7.15.1 Apparatus

a) a m a l l vo lume volume: 1 to 1 2 1 leaktightbox attached to a tube with opening(s) betweenthe box and tube in which the valve assembliesare mounted in suitable adaptors of low deadspace (see figure 7). There are baffle plates inthe box to promote smooth tracer gas flow(100 Umin continuous flow);b) a breathing ma chine delivering sinusoidal airflows corresponding to 20 cycles/min and1,5 /stroke;e) a supply o sulfur hexafluoride or othersuitable tracer gas;d) a unit to saturate the air wi th water vapourat 37 O C .

7.15.2 Procedure

All the exhalation valve assemblies attached to the

facepiece are tested.The test is performed at ambient temperature andrelative humidity. The valve assemblies under testare fitted into the box with a suitable adaptor in avertical position. The components are arranged

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EN 138 : 1994

according to whether a single or twin cylinderbreathing machine is to be used (see figures 8and 9).

The inlet valve is adjusted so that the backpressure of the valve(s) is 1 mbar to 1,5 mbar at30 l/min continuous flow.

The breathing machine is set at 20 cyclesimin and1,5 l/stroke. A flow of tracer gas is maintainedthrough the box. Samples of the air from beforeand after the valve assemblies are continuouslyanalysed for tracer gas concentrations.

The test is run for a sufficient time to obtain a

steady reading of the tracer gas concentration inthe inspiratory air stream.

The difference in the tracer gas concentrationsbetween the two samples is a measure of the totalvalve leakage.

Dimensions in mm

1Test gas in

2 Baffle plate3 Blanking plate

4 Valve under test

7 Test gas sample

8 Pressure measurement port9 Reference gas sample

10 Saturated gas in

5 Test gas out

6 To breathing machine

11Non-return valve

Figure 7. Box for testing exhalation valve leakage



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CEN E N * L 3 8 94 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0086714 7 8 9 =Page 16EN 138 : 1994

8

fPo

1 Test gas in

2 Valve under test

3 Testgasout

4 Breathing machine valve

6 Breathing machine

6 Saturator

7 Purifier

8 Reference gas sample

9 Purifier

10 Laboratory air in

11 Aqjustable non-return valve

12 Test gas sample

Figure 8. Arrangement for testing exhalation valveleakage using a singie cylinder breathing machine



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C E N E N* i ,3 8 94 3404589 0086715 b L 5

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EN 138: 1994

9

1 Test gas in

2 Valve under test

3 Test gas out

4 Purifier

5 Reference gas sample

6 Purifier

L---T---Jt

7 Laboratory air in through non-return valve

8 Saturator

9 Twin cylinder breathing machine

10 Laboratory air in

11 Test gas sample

12 Breathing machine valve

Figure 9. Arrangement for testing exhalation valve leakage using a twincylinder breathing machine

11



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CEN EN* 138 94 3404589 008b71b 5 5 1 W

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EN 138 : 1994

8 Marking8.1 All units of the same model shall be providedwith a type identifying marking. Subassemblies andpiece parts with considerable bearing on safetyshalì be marked so that they can be identified. Themanufacturer shall be identified by name, trademark or other means of identification.

8.2 Where the reliable performance of piece partsmay be affected by ageing, the date (at least theyear) of manufacture shall be marked. For partswhich cannot be marked the relevant informationshail be included in the instructions for use.

8.3 The air supply hose shall be marked with:

1) if appropriate, ‘heat resistant’;

2) if appropriate, ‘antistatic’;

3) class;

4)year of manufacture;

5 manufacturer’s name, trade mark or othermeans of identification.

8.4 The apparatus shall be marked with:

1)the serial number;

2) the number of this European Standard;

3) the temperatures the apparatus is designed towithstand if different from those in thisstandard;

4)year of manufacture;

5 manufacturer’s name, trade mark or othermeans of identification.

8.5 The marking shall be as clearly visible and asdurable as possible.

9 Instructions for use

9.1

Instructions for use in the official language(s)of the country of application shall accompany everyapparatus on delivery enabling trained andqualified persons to use it.

These instructions shall comprise the range ofapplication and instructions necessary for correctfitting, care, maintenance, and storage.

It is recommended that maintenance instructionsbe provided separately to instructions for use.

9.2 Other instructions shall comprise:9.2.1 Correct selection and fitting of theapparatus.

It is unlikely that the requirement for leakage willbe met by wearers with beards or with spectacleshaving side arms.

9.2.2 Whether or not designed for use in low orhigh temperatures.

9.2.3 For the assisted fresh air hose breathingapparatus, the designed minimum air flow in l/min.

9.2.4 The maximum length of air supply hose.

9.2.5 For the blower or other device, the designedminimum air flow in Vmin at each outlet.

9.2.6 The maximum length of air supply hose forwhich the blower or other device is designed.

9.2.7 Where appropriate a warning that adequateprotection may not be provided by the apparatus incertain highly toxic atmospheres.

9.2.8 Where appropriate a warning tha t at veryhigh work rates the pressure in the fuil face maskor half mask may become negative at peakinhalation.

9.2.9 A warning concerning the need to ensure thepurity of the air supply.

9.2.10 Suitability of the equipment for use inflammable atmospheres.

9.3 Any other information the supplier may careto provide.



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CEN E N r L 3 8 9 4 m 3 4 0 4 5 8 9 0 0 8 6 7 3 7 498 m

BS EN 138 : 1994

National annex NA (informative)

Committees responsibleThe United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by thePersonal Safety Equipment Standards Policy Committee (PSMI-) to chnical Committee PSM/ 14, uponwhich the following bodies were represented:

Asbestos Removal Contractors’ AssociationBritish Agrochemicals Association Ltd.British Coal CorporationBritish Compressed Air SocietyBritish Nuclear Fuels Limited

British Occupational Hygiene SocietyBritish Pest Control AssociationBritish Rlecommunications plcChemical Industries AssociationChief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers’ AssociationElectricity Supply Industry in England and WalesEngineering Equipment and Materials Users’ AssociationHealth and Safety ExecutiveHome OfficeIndustrial Safety (Protective Equipment) Manufacturers’ AssociationInstitute of Occupational Hygienists

Institute of Occupational MedicineInstitution of Fire EngineersInstitution of Mechanical EngineersMinistry of DefenceNational Association of Fire OfficersSafety Equipment Distributors’ AssociationTrades Union CongressUniversity of AberdenCoopted member

National annex NB (informative)

Cross-references

Publication referred to

EN 132 : 1990

EN 134 : 1990

EN 136 : 1989

EN 140 : 1989

EN 142 : 1989

EN 148-1 : 1987

EN 148-2 : 1987

EN 148-3 : 1992

EN 28031 : 1993

Corresponding Brit ish Standard

BS EN 132 : 1991Respiratory protective devices Defin it ions

BS EN 134 : 1991Resp irator y protecive devices Nom encla ture of components

BS 7355 : 1990 Specification o r u l l ace m asks o r respiratory protec tive dev ices

BS 7356protective devices

BS 7309 : 1990 Spectyicationfor mouthp iece assemblies fo r respiratory protectivedevices

BS 7156Respiratory protective devices: threads

foracepiecesPart 1 : 1990 Speciification f o r standard thread connection

Part 2 : 1990 Spec ificatio n o r centre thread connection

BS EN 148-3 : 1992 Resp irator y protective devices: threads f o r acepiecesPart 3. Specification o r thread connection M 45 x 3BS EN 28031 : 1993Rubber a nd p lastics hoses an d hose assembliesDeterminat ion of electrical resistance

1990 Speci f icat ion o r hal f masks and quarter masks fo r respiratory



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’ C E N E N r l 1 3 8 9 4 m 3404589 0 0 8 b 7 1 8 3 Y

BS EN138 :1994

BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW 4 4AL

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BS EN 00138꞉1994 (EN) ᴾᴼᴼᴮᴸᴵᶜᴽ