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Bronchial asthmaBronchial asthma

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DefinitionDefinition

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorderAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disorderof the airwaysof the airways

Common findings:Common findings:

- Inflammatory cell infiltration- Inflammatory cell infiltration(eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes)(eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes)

- Goblet cell hyperplasia- Goblet cell hyperplasia

- Collagen deposition beneath basement- Collagen deposition beneath basementmembranemembrane

- Hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle- Hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle

- Airway edema and mast cell actiation- Airway edema and mast cell actiation

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Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

!ifficulty breathing- "ome people who hae asthma say they can#t!ifficulty breathing- "ome people who hae asthma say they can#tcatch their breath or they feel out of breath$catch their breath or they feel out of breath$

%pisodic whee&ing- whee&ing is a whistling or s'ueay sound that%pisodic whee&ing- whee&ing is a whistling or s'ueay sound thatoccurs when you breathe$occurs when you breathe$

Chest tightness- his may feel lie something is s'uee&ing orChest tightness- his may feel lie something is s'uee&ing orsitting on your chest$sitting on your chest$

Cough- Coughing from asthma often is worse at night or early inCough- Coughing from asthma often is worse at night or early inthe morning, maing it hard to sleep$the morning, maing it hard to sleep$

%*cess sputum production%*cess sputum production

++"ymptoms are fre'uently worse at night circadian ariations in bronchomotor tone"ymptoms are fre'uently worse at night circadian ariations in bronchomotor toneand bronchial reactiity reach their nadir between and . am, increasing symptomsand bronchial reactiity reach their nadir between and . am, increasing symptomsof bronchoconstriction$of bronchoconstriction$

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Clinical PresentationClinical Presentation

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Severity of asthmaSeverity of asthma

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DiagnosisDiagnosis

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TreatmentTreatment

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EIB= excercise induced bronchospasmEIB= excercise induced bronchospasm

ICS= Inhaled corticosteroidICS= Inhaled corticosteroid!B!= long acting inhaled!B!= long acting inhaled ""# agosnist# agosnist

==

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PreventionPrevention

/ou can0t preent asthma$ Howeer, you can tae/ou can0t preent asthma$ Howeer, you can taesteps to control the disease and preent itssteps to control the disease and preent itssymptoms$ 1or e*ample:symptoms$ 1or e*ample:

2earn about your asthma and ways to control it$2earn about your asthma and ways to control it$ 3se medicines as your doctor prescribes$3se medicines as your doctor prescribes$ Identify and try to aoid things that mae yourIdentify and try to aoid things that mae your

asthma worse (asthma triggers)$asthma worse (asthma triggers)$

4eep trac of your asthma symptoms and leel of4eep trac of your asthma symptoms and leel ofcontrol$control$

Get regular checups for your asthma$Get regular checups for your asthma$

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