British Imperialism in India British Imperialism in India

British Take Over India British Take Over India

British able to conquer large territory b/c of British able to conquer large territory b/c of diversity of India: many people & culturesdiversity of India: many people & cultures– British took advantage of divisions by encouraging British took advantage of divisions by encouraging

competition competition

British East India CompanyBritish East India Company– Main Goal: Make moneyMain Goal: Make money– Improved roads, preserved peace & reduced banditryImproved roads, preserved peace & reduced banditry– Introduced western educationIntroduced western education

Outlawed Outlawed SatiSati- a Hindu custom that called for a widow to join - a Hindu custom that called for a widow to join her husband in death by throwing herself in his funeral fireher husband in death by throwing herself in his funeral fire

Causes of Discontent Causes of Discontent

Required Required sepoyssepoys, Indian soldiers, to serve , Indian soldiers, to serve anywhereanywhere– Overseas travel against religionOverseas travel against religion

New rifles issued- had to bite off cartridge, which New rifles issued- had to bite off cartridge, which was greased in animal fat (cows sacred)was greased in animal fat (cows sacred)

Sepoy Rebellion-Sepoy Rebellion- Sepoys brutally massacred Sepoys brutally massacred British, but revolt was crushedBritish, but revolt was crushed– Left bitterness between the twoLeft bitterness between the two– India now OFFICIALLY under British crown India now OFFICIALLY under British crown

British Colonial Rule British Colonial Rule

British viceroy rules in name of the queenBritish viceroy rules in name of the queen British officials hold top spots in army & British officials hold top spots in army &

governmentgovernment Unequal Partnership:Unequal Partnership:

– British see India as a market & a source of raw British see India as a market & a source of raw materialsmaterials

– Trade flourished after Suez Canal, but favored Britain Trade flourished after Suez Canal, but favored Britain – Forced farmers to grow crops that could be sold on Forced farmers to grow crops that could be sold on

world market world market

Pros & Cons Pros & Cons

ProsPros– India developed into a modern economy; unified by India developed into a modern economy; unified by

railroadsrailroads– British troops cleared out violence and petty crimesBritish troops cleared out violence and petty crimes– Improvement in literacy, education, public healthImprovement in literacy, education, public health

Cons Cons – British restricted India economicsBritish restricted India economics– Emphasis on cash crops (especially cotton) caused Emphasis on cash crops (especially cotton) caused

faminesfamines– Resentment among the Indians Resentment among the Indians rebellions rebellions

Different Views on Culture Different Views on Culture

Indian Attitudes Indian Attitudes – Some Indians Some Indians

impressed by British impressed by British power & technologypower & technology

– Others felt answer to Others felt answer to change lay w/ Hindu or change lay w/ Hindu or Muslim cultureMuslim culture

– Revitalized & reform Revitalized & reform Indian culture to learn Indian culture to learn from the Westfrom the West

Western Attitudes Western Attitudes – British disagreed about British disagreed about

IndiaIndia– Some admired Indian Some admired Indian

philosophy & ancient philosophy & ancient heritageheritage

– Most knew little about Most knew little about Indian achievements & Indian achievements & dismissed their culturedismissed their culture

Indian Nationalism Indian Nationalism

Western- Educated Indians headed a nationalist Western- Educated Indians headed a nationalist movementmovement

Indian National Congress-Indian National Congress- Believed in peaceful Believed in peaceful protest to achieve their goalsprotest to achieve their goals– Called for democracy, which they felt would bring more Called for democracy, which they felt would bring more

power to Indianspower to Indians– Wanted self-rule, but supported western-style Wanted self-rule, but supported western-style

modernization modernization Resistance to British rule increased…will not Resistance to British rule increased…will not

achieve self-rule until 1947achieve self-rule until 1947

Political Cartoon Analysis Political Cartoon Analysis

Answer these five questions for EACH cartoon in your Answer these five questions for EACH cartoon in your spiral. You will get a stamp when you are finished:spiral. You will get a stamp when you are finished:

a.a. List the objects, people, and symbols you see in the List the objects, people, and symbols you see in the cartoon. cartoon.

b.b. What word or symbol in the cartoon appears to be the What word or symbol in the cartoon appears to be the most significant? Why?most significant? Why?

c.c. Explain the message of the cartoon.Explain the message of the cartoon.d.d. What is the cartoon telling us about imperialism (is it What is the cartoon telling us about imperialism (is it

good, bad, etc)?good, bad, etc)?e.e. Who would agree and disagree with the message in the Who would agree and disagree with the message in the

cartoon? cartoon?