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Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home & Church Roger Reinicker – Adult Ed 10:Ten April 15, 2018

Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

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Page 1: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your 

Home & Church

Roger Reinicker – Adult Ed10:Ten April 15, 2018

Page 2: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Earth Care Congregation• “Earth Care Congregation” is a 

certification from PC(USA)• Church exhibits leadership in protecting 

God’s creation and are good stewards of earth’s resources via:

Worship EducationOutreach  AdvocacyFacilities Management

• WPC has been certified for 9 years• Only 2 % of the 10,000 Presbyterian 

churches have passed certification

Page 3: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

OUTLINE

• Light and Color• What are LED’s?• Choosing the right LED for your home

• LED’s at Westminster

Page 4: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

New Terms to Learn• LED• Lumens• Luminous efficacy• Beam angle• Troffer• Luminaire• CRI• Color temperature• T12, T8• Plug and Play• A19, A21 etc.• tombstone

Page 5: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

FUNDAMENTALS OF COLOR Light 

Source

Object Observer

Must have all three to have the perception of color!

Page 6: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the

darkness.

Page 7: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Light

• The light that the Creator gave us is a little complicated!

• The light includes ultraviolet light (UV – which is why we wear sunscreen) and infrared light or heat

Page 8: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

290

Near infra-red 700nm – 2500nm

UVA

3

20nm

–40

0nm

UV

B

290

nm –

320n

m

%R

Visible spectrum400nm - 700nm

290 400 700 2500

Wavelength, nm

HEAT!

The Electro‐magnetic Spectrum

Page 9: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Color

• In the preceding slide, the black line represents the wavelengths of light reflected by an object back to our eyes.

• Since the reflected wavelengths are blue and red (more red than blue) the object is a blue shade red (or magenta) color.

Page 10: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

LED = Light Emitting Diode

A slide for Geeks!

Page 11: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Hand out diodes

As you receive your LED note that it has two wire leads and one is longer than the other.  This is to discriminate between and the positive and negative sides of the diode.  Electricity only flows one way through a diode hence it requires “direct current” not “alternating current”.

Page 12: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Reflective cavity =  0.066 inches (1.67 mm) diameterSMALL BUT MIGHTYInternal wire is 75% thinner than a tungsten filament (0.036 mm)This diode came from a Christmas light set and was 

photographed in transmitted and reflected light

Page 13: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Show Hyperikon light

Fluorescent T12 light

Hyperikonbrand LED 

light

The Hyperikon light arranges the diodes light like little flashlights in a line.

diodes

Page 14: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

LIKE FLASHLIGHTS IN A LINE

Page 15: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

LIKE FLASHLIGHTS IN A LINE

lens

lens

Beam angle

Some LED bulbs use a lens to spread out the light in a wider beam angle

Page 16: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

LIKE FLASHLIGHTS IN A LINE

phosphor

Some LED bulbs use a  phosphor coating on the inside of the bulb to spread out the light

Scattered light

Page 17: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Show Christmas Light

• Christmas string lights use a simple method to create the right voltage and current required by the diode.

• Light actually flashes 60 times per second because only ½ the wave of the AC is used.

AC sine wave

Page 18: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Incandescent and CFL lights• Incandescent light bulbs create light by heating a filament inside the bulb; the heat makes the filament white‐hot, producing the light that you see. Halogen light bulbs create light through the same method. Because incandescent and halogen bulbs create light through heat, about 90% of the energy used is wasted to generate heat. 

• Fluorescent light bulbs use an entirely different method to create light. Both compact fluorescent light bulbs and fluorescent linear tubes only waste approximately 30% of their energy in heat, making them far cooler and more energy efficient than regular bulbs. 

Page 19: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Incandescent and CFL lights

• Incandescent light bulbs  ‐ 90% Heat• Fluorescent light bulbs  ‐ 30% Heat

– Require a ballast to convert energy – Ballast consumes energy and generates heat 

• LED’s ‐ very little heat

Page 20: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

SPECTRA OF BULB TYPES

Page 21: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Comparison of Bulbs

Comparison Incandescent CFL LEDWatts 60 13 9color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700KLumens 720 800 800Lifetime years 1.4 9.1 10energy cost/yr 7.23$ 1.57$ 1.08$ price 1.46$ 1.64$ 1.88$

All three lights give about the same amount of illumination measured in lumens.

Page 22: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Throw Away Your Incandescent Bulbs!

• The previous slide shows how cost and energy efficient LED bulbs have become

• Lifetime is predicted on 3 hours per day and cost is based on 11 cents per kilowatt hour

• That means you get a 300% return on an LED bulb* (vs. an incandescent) in 1 year!

* For the bulb price and lumens listed in the chart

Page 23: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Watts vs. Lumens

• Previous technology:  more watts = more light• But… would you buy a car based only on how many gallons of gas it used per hour?

• New technology: buy lights based on lumens• What is a lumen?

– Lumen is luminous flux or a measure of the total quantity of visible light

Page 24: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Watts to Lumens

LED Watts = Old Watts/7

Page 25: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

• Absolutely no good for – Lava lamps !– Easy‐bake toy ovens !– Fruit dehydrators !– Real ovens (LED have enclosed electronics)– Some tightly enclosed lighting fixtures (LED’s still generate a small amount of heat – but the maker will indicate if this is or is not an issue)

LED Disadvantages

Page 26: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

• Little heat generated– Saves energy– Saves on cooling costs, too

• Low energy use – high efficacy or efficiency– Lumens per watt  up to 100!

LED advantages

Page 27: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

• Instantly on at full brightness• Better at handling vibration; not easily broken• Contain no mercury• Never “burn out” just get dimmer

– Longevity based on retaining 70% brightness

• Low temperature performance– Unlike CFL’s which are rated only above freezing

• Dimmable• Any color you want

LED advantages

Page 28: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

• No UV radiation!–won’t attract bugs!–won’t damage art work!

LED advantages

Page 29: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Hand Out Bulbs

Page 30: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Let’s Look at the LED Box

Start here

Page 31: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

About This Bulb

• This bulb cost $1.88 at Home Depot• The FCC warning statement is standard required for electronics  ‐ including kids’ toys

• It is an A19 bulb meaning your average standard bulb size and shape

• It is good for floor lamps, table lamps, ceiling fans, sconce lights, and hanging lights 

• It can be totally enclosed

Page 32: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Color Temperature

• 2700K  ‐ warm, yellowish white• 4100K  ‐ bright white• 5000K  ‐ bluish white• 6500K  ‐ daylight• Common LED colors include amber, red, green, and blue. To produce white light, different color LEDs are combined or covered with a phosphor material that converts the color of the light to a familiar “white” light used in homes. 

Page 33: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Color Temperature

• 2700K  ‐ warm, yellowish white

Living room for an inviting ambience

Bedroom for a relaxing setting

Page 34: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Color Temperature

• 4100K  ‐ bright white

Kitchen for food preparation

Laundry room for seeing stains

Page 35: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Color Temperature• 4100K – 6500K  ‐ bright or bluish white

Bathroom for applying makeup or shaving – also 

choose a bulb with a CRI of at least 90

Page 36: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

What is CRI?

• CRI is “Color Rendering Index”• Color rendering describes how a light source makes the color of an object appear to human eyes and how well subtle variations in color shades are revealed. 

• The higher the CRI, the better the color rendering ability. Light sources with a CRI of 85 to 90 are considered good at color rendering. 

Page 37: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Are LED’s Dimmable?

Must have good compatibility 

between the light and the dimmer control – like a marriage!

LIKE A GOOD MARRIAGE!

Page 38: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Dimmability

• LED’s are dimmable but cost a little bit more• I find that the current dimmer switches in my house don’t work as well with LED’s

• LED lights on old dimmers don’t dim smoothly • LED’s require so much less power, older dimmer switches don’t work well

• Buy a newer good brand of dimmer made for LED’s and a good brand of LED bulb as well

Page 39: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

LED’s at Westminster

Page 40: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

LED’s at Westminster

• Opportunity was identified by an Energy Audit in August of 2016.

• Replace T12’s!

‐‐‐‐‐‐1.5 in.‐‐‐‐‐

T = tubular, 12 x 1/8” = 1.5 inch diameter

Page 41: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

We Did A Survey

Page 42: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Lots of Lights!

• Inventory revealed over 1600 inside lights and at least 22 varieties – Incandescent, including dimmable– Quartz– Halogen– Fluorescent; tubular and CFL– LED’s in sanctuary, Rowell CR– Heat lamps

Page 43: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

T12’s need Magnetic Ballasts

Almost all fluorescent lights in Westminster were: 

• Four foot T12, 1.5 inches diameter

• Powered by magnetic ballasts

Page 44: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Some Considerations

• With T12 being obsolete we could go several directions– Replace with T8 or T5 fluorescent ‐ but would require purchase of new ballasts; still use Hg

– Replace with Plug and Play LED T8 diameter  bulbs –but then have to keep the obsolete and energy eating ballasts

– Remove ballasts and go with direct wire LED bulbs

Page 45: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

We Did Light Trials

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

LUX @ Table Height

Instafit 17W LED

Instafit 15W LED

Sylvania 40W FL

Toggled 16W LED

SATCO 15W LED

SATCO 15W LED

SATCO 15W LED

LUXRITE 22W LED

Philips 34W FL

Hyperikon 18W LED

Philips T8 FL

Philips T8 FL

LED lights in blue, fluorescent in beigeInstafitrequire a ballast

Page 46: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Typical Savings in Each Troffer

• T12 Fluorescent – 4 ft + plus ballast– 3 bulbs x 34 watts + ballast energy = about 106W

• T8 LED  ‐ 4 ft ‐ direct wire, ballast removed– 2 bulbs x 12.5 watts = 25 watts– Savings of ~76%

Page 47: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Getting the Grant from DNREC

• Power bills• Current lighting• Lighting layouts• Room sizes

• DLC qualified• Action plan• Insurance etc etc

Page 48: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Lights by the numbers:49 rooms & hallways664 T12 bulbs removed403 ballasts removed436 new LED bulbs installed

PhixIt CrewPaul Crothamel (Staff ‐ Director of Facilities and Security)

Jeff Lippincott         Steve JohnsonRich Albert              Fred NelsonJerry Fedeler Jim CarterMark MosherWayne Sparling  Roger Reinicker

Page 49: Bright Ideas: LED’s for Your Home ChurchComparison of Bulbs Comparison Incandescent CFL LED Watts 60 13 9 color temperature 2700K 2700K 2700K Lumens 720 800 800 Lifetime years 1.4

Replacing the last T12 in the project in the main hall by reception.

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Ballasts Headed for Recycle 

We received $0.15 per pound from the recycler

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Project Cost & Return• Return on investment

• Originally we calculated about 2 years• However, bulb prices were less and also the DNRec grant will be lower

• Costs• Bulbs ranged from $7 to $13 each• We bought 476 bulbs for  $4,549.47 • Installation was free (PhixIt)• Disposal of old bulbs cost $259.50• Recycling of ballasts returned $185.00

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Questions?