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Breast Cancer

A Summary of Breast Cancer, Risk Factors,

and the Cancer Registry and Trends inSingapore

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What is Breast Cancer?

A malignant tumour that starts in cells of the

breast and is a group of cancer cells that can

grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread

(metastasize) to distant areas of the body.

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Structure of the Breast

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Carcinomas in situ

Ductal carcinoma in situ

Lobular carcinoma is situ

Not used in calculation of incidence data

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Invasive Carcinomas

Most common are Infiltrating Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma.

Histology No. %

Duct Carcinoma 5318 79.0

Lobular Carcinoma 263 3.9

Total with histology 6734 100.0

Taken from Trends in Cancer Incidence in Singapore 1968-2007

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Other Invasive Breast Cancers Less common are Inflammatory breast

cancer, Pagets disease and Phyllodes

Tumour.

Special types (sub-types) are often named

after features observed under the microscope

e.g. Adenocystic, Medullary, Mucinous or

Metaplastic, Micropapillary, Mixed

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Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Factors that you cannot change

Gender

Aging

Genetics

Family history

Race and ethnicity

Certain benign breast conditions

Earlier menarche and later menopause

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Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Lifestyle-related factors

Age at first birth and number of children

Oral contraceptives Hormone therapy after menopause

Breastfeeding

Alcohol, being overweight, exercise

Other, debated factors, include diet, antiperspirant use, breast

implants, night work and bras.

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Cancer Registry in Singapore

Established in 1968

Completeness of reporting was 96% in the

1970s and is now almost 100%.

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Breast Cancer in Singapore

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Incidence rates in Singapore

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Thank you for listening

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