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Brazil:!The!Pantanal!and!Amazon!

June!9!–!23,!2015!Guided!by!Andrew!Spencer!

all#photos#by#the#guide#

By!any!metric,!Brazil!is!a!huge!country.!!Huge!size,!huge!bird!list,!huge!habitat!variety,!hugely!fun,!this!country!doesn’t!do!things!in!half!measures!!!And!birding!in!Brazil!is!shaped!by!this!–!you!need!multiple!trips!to!cover!the!many!different!locations,!avifaunas,!and!

endemics!on!tap.!!The!Pantanal!and!Amazon!areas!of!Brazil!are!two!major!parts!of!that!puzzle,!and!trips!there!offer!both!the!huge!lists!typical!of!a!trip!to!the!country,!as!well!as!some!of!the!best!bird!and!wildlife!viewing!in!the!hemisphere.!!This!trip!was!a!custom!tour!mirroring!our!setCdeparture,!and!like!our!setCdeparture!offered!an!unmatched!mix!of!the!midCboggling!variety!of!the!Amazon!to!the!stunning!scenery!of!the!Chapada!to!the!

AfricaCesque!wildlife!spectacle!of!the!Pantanal.!!Combine!that!with!a!good!variety!of!mammals!that!included!two!beautiful!cat!species,!and!you!have!a!trip!unlike!any!other!in!South!America.!!The!Chapada!!Early!is!the!name!of!the!game!in!this!part!of!Brazil!–!with!midday!temperatures!renowned!for!their!heights,!it!pays!to!get!out!early.!!And!luckily,!early!mornings!are!gorgeous,!with!very!pleasant!conditions!and!lots!and!lots!of!birds!!!Our!first!day!was!no!exception!to!all!of!the!above.!!We!left!exceptionally!early,!with!the!goal!of!making!to!the!Chapada!right!after!dawn.!!Getting!through!Cuiaba!was!nice!and!painless,!and!we!found!ourselves!on!a!road!through!drier!Cerrado!habitat!right!on!queue.!!!!The!birds!proceeded!to!come!quickly!and!furiously.!!ShrikeClike!WhiteFbanded!Tanagers!fought!to!hold!our!attention!while!noisy!WhiteFrumped!Tanagers!and!gaudy!BurnishedFbuff!Tanagers!moved!around!nearby.!!A!charismatic!trio!of!WhiteFeared!Puffbirds!were!wonderfully!cooperative!along!the!road,!and!good!flowering!conditions!meant!decent!numbers!of!hummers!(including!lots!of!WhiteFvented!Violetears,!a!few!WhiteFtailed!Goldenthroats,!a!single!BlueFtufted!Starthroat!among!others).!!In!the!skulky!category,!we!managed!to!tease!out!a!pair!of!RustyFbacked!Antwrens,!a!single!RufousFwinged!Antshrike,!and!a!PaleFbreasted!Spinetail.!!

Moving!along!the!road,!we!soon!found!another!flock!that!gave!us!two!of!the!most!sought!after!Chapada!specialties!–!the!stunning!CoalFcrested!Finch,!and!the!anything!but!stunning!(but!very!local)!Chapada!Flycatcher.!!A!very!close!calling!SmallFbilled!Tinamou!played!hide!and!seek!with!us!until!I!positioned!everyone!at!a!likely!looking!spot,!and!walked!around!the!songster!to!chase!it!towards!them.!!I’m!not!sure!anyone!was!really!expecting!this!to!work!(me!included!),!but!I’m!quite!happy!to!say!that!it!gave!everyone!a!slamCdunk!view!of!this!rarely!seen!species.!!After!an!early!lunch,!we!headed!out!again,!this!time!to!an!overview!known!for!having!a!few!rare!species.!!Unfortunately!it!had!heated!up!by!now,!and!our!morning’s!luck!didn’t!hold.!!Undaunted,!we!continued!on!to!another!road!nearby,!and!here!lady!luck!found!us!again.!!At!our!parking!spot!we!encountered!some!excellent!activity,!which!included!a!very!rare!RufousFtailed!Attila!among!more!common!specialties!such!as!Crested!Becard!and!PaleFheaded!Woodpecker.!!Moving!down!the!road,!we!enjoyed!relatively!good!activity,!including!views!of!the!superCshy!Southern!Antpipit,!the!superCcolorful!BandFtailed!Manakin,!and!the!just!plain!super!FieryFcapped!Manakin.!!A!nice!pair!of!LargeFbilled!Antwrens!and!a!SepiaFcapped!Flycatcher!founded!out!the!haul.!!The!last!birding!location!of!the!day!was!at!yet!another!road,!this!time!through!taller!gallery!forest.!!The!overall!activity!level!wasn’t!high,!but!we!managed!a!smattering!of!new!species,!including!White!Woodpecker,!a!couple!of!SootyFfronted!Spinetails,!and!some!Flavescent!Warblers.!!The!next!morning!we!didn’t!have!a!whole!lot!of!time!to!bird!before!our!flight!to!Alta!Floresta,!but!we!did!manage!to!return!to!the!same!road!from!the!evening!before.!!Arriving!right!after!dawn!we!found!much!better!activity,!and!soon!wracked!up!Moustached!Wren,!a!handsome!GreenFbarred!Woodpecker,!rare!BlueFwinged!Parrotlet,!and!some!exceptionally!nice!views!of!Pectoral!Sparrow,!among!others.!!

Cristalino!!At!the!southern!edge!of!the!Amazon,!Cristalino!Jungle!Lodge!is!among!the!premier!birding!locations!on!the!continent!of!South!America.!!To!take!advantage!of!its!lofty!position!we!had!scheduled!four!full!days!in!this!birding!Mecca.!!The!birding!on!our!first!day!there!was!mostly!limited!to!the!ride!in!along!the!river,!which!(as!with!any!ride!along!the!river!here)!was!wonderfully!birdy.!!The!best!sighting!was!a!cooperative!Sungrebe,!but!we!also!enjoyed!some!RedFthroated!PipingFGuans,!the!corroded!bronzeCcolored!Green!Ibis,!oodles!of!more!common!species!such!as!Ringed!and!Amazon!Kingfishers,!WhiteFbanded!Swallow,!and!even!a!couple!of!Sunbitterns.!!Our!first!morning!at!the!lodge!was!spent!at!tower!2,!one!of!the!two!towers!Cristalino!has!on!tap.!!Gretting!the!dawn!on!an!Amazonian!canopy!tower!is!truly!a!sublime!experience,!and!this!day!was!no!exception.!!Before!we!had!even!climbed!up!we!scored!some!excellent!views!of!a!male!Pavonine!Quetzal!right!by!the!tower!base.!!Up!on!top,!we!were!soon!immersed!in!activity,!including!everything!from!three!macaw!species,!the!dapper!Gould’s!Toucanet,!gaudy!CurlFcrested!Aracari,!painfully!blue!Spangled!Cotinga,!and!wineCcolored!Pompadour!Cotinga,!and!a!host!of!glittering!tanagers!that!included!Paradise!and!OpalFrumped.!!As!it!heated!up!above!the!canopy,!we!decided!to!return!to!the!cooler!forest!floor,!where!a!whole!new!

suite!of!birds!awaited.!!It!didn’t!take!long!to!run!into!some!truly!excellent!flocks!with!some!very!rare!species!(as!well!as!a!whole!host!of!more!common!ones!)!!The!rarer!ones!included!such!goodies!as!Cinnamon!Neopipo,!Whiskered!Flycatcher,!and!SpotFthroated!Woodcreeper,!while!the!more!common!had!such!exotic!birds!as!WhiteFwinged!ShrikeFTanager,!LongFwinged!Antwren,!Saturnine!Antshrike,!and!ChestnutFwinged!Hookbill,!among!many!others.!!A!singing!WhiteFcrested!Spadebill,!while!not!part!of!the!flock!itself,!still!occupied!some!of!our!time!as!we!sought!it!out!and!then!enjoyed!some!stellar!views.!!For!the!afternoon!we!switched!gears,!and!headed!back!down!the!Cristalino!to!the!larger!Teles!Pires!River.!!Here!our!goal!was!three!different!river!islands,!of!differing!successional!stages.!!The!first,!a!young!island!with!very!short!vegetation,!soon!gave!up!its!target!

Amazonian!Tyrannulet!and!LadderFtailed!Nightjar,!while!some!BlackFcollared!Swallows!played!around!the!rapids!nearby.!!!!The!next!island,!a!much!larger!place!with!an!old!ranch!house!and!some!taller!forests,!had!a!different!group!of!birds!that!included!Glossy!and!ChestnutFbacked!Antshrikes,!Spotted!TodyFFlycatcher,!Drab!

WaterFTyrant!(next!page),!and!RedFcapped!Cardinal.!!Our!final!location!of!the!day!was!a!much!older!island!just!upstream,!where!tall!forests!are!the!haunt!of!one!of!those!iconic!birds!of!the!Amazon,!Amazonian!Umbrellabird.!!Evening!is!the!best!time!to!see!this!charismatic!species,!and!we!arrived!right!on!queue.!!It!didn’t!take!long!until!we!had!some!nice!views,!and!called!the!day!a!success.!!Our!next!morning’s!outing!brought!us!well!upstream,!to!a!trail!through!beautiful!Terra(Firme!forest!with!some!nice!bamboo!stands.!!Birding!here!consists!of!a!mix!of!looking!for!flocks!and!listening!for!vocalizing!species!to!seek!out.!!The!flock!part!of!the!morning!was!a!clear!winner,!and!we!found!several!good!mixedCspecies!flocks.!!The!first!of!these!had!such!goodies!as!CurveFbilled!(Tapajos)!Scythebill,!WhiteFeyed!Antwren,!the!indicator!species!Cinereous!Antshrike,!and!a!number!of!others.!!Another!flock!was!especially!good!for!furnariids,!and!had!Amazonian!Barred!Woodcreeper,!Layard’s!Woodcreeper,!and!

RufousFtailed!FoliageFgleaner.!!And!finally,!a!canopy!flock!or!two!gave!us!neckCbreaking!species!like!Pygmy!Antwren!and!Fasciated!Antshrike.!

!Among!the!seekCthemCout!singing!species!in!the!understory!we!also!managed!a!nice!haul,!starting!with!the!often!hard!Cinereous!Mourner.!!Other!specialties!included!the!bambooCloving!DuskyFcheeked!FoliageFgleaner,!local!Manu!Antbird,!not!so!local!Striated!Antbird,!recently!split!Xingu!ScaleFbcaked!Antbird,!and!LargeFheaded!Flatbill.!!Manakins!

were!quite!vocal!throughout!the!walk,!but!unfortunately!BlueCbacked!Manakin!remained!a!heardConly.!!We!had!better!luck!with!SnowFcapped!Manakin,!which!was!good!considering!how!much!harder!that!species!is!to!find!away!from!Cristalino.!!We!rounded!out!our!time!in!the!forest!with!the!stunning!RoseFbreasted!Chat,!weird!SlateFcolored!Grosbeak,!and!a!nice!YellowFthroated!Woodpecker.!!Before!heading!back!to!the!lodge!for!lunch!we!made!one!last!stop!in!some!viney,!riverside!forest!were!we!soon!found!the!target!FlameFcrowned!Manakin,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Bronzy!Jacamars.!!For!the!afternoon!we!went!slightly!downstream,!and!birded!a!trail!through!Varzea!(seasonally!flooded)!forest.!!Being!the!afternoon,!the!activity!was!a!bit!lower,!but!quality!was!high!!!A!calling!RufousFtailed!Flatbill!played!hard!to!get,!with!brief!views!only,!but!a!nice!canopy!flock!was!a!bit!better,!and!even!produced!the!rare!Guianan!(Para)!Gnatcatcher.!!A!vocalizing!Amazonian!Antshrike!came!in!beautifully,!as!did!a!pair!of!the!beautifully!patterned!Amazonian!StreakedFAntwrens.!Beautifully!patterned!is!something!no!one!would!ever!accuse!a!Zimmer’s!TodyFTyrant!of!being,!but!we!also!managed!some!good!looks!at!this!often!difficult!species!as!well.!!With!the!evening!fast!approaching,!it!was!time!to!start!heading!back.!!The!bird!activity!continued!as!we!worked!our!way!out,!and!we!scored!a!lastCminute!WhiteFcrowned!Manakin!and!a!couple!of!BlueFcheeked!Jacamars!before!we!had!to!tear!ourselves!away.!!

Perhaps!the!most!unique!habitat!at!Cristalino!is!the!fairly!short,!dry!woodland!on!top!of!some!of!the!hills!just!off!the!river.!!One!of!these!was!our!location!for!the!next!morning,!and!our!typical!early!breakfast!and!departure!had!us!walking!through!the!forest!before!it!was!even!too!light!to!see!the!birds.!!Breaking!out!into!the!more!open!forest!right!as!the!light!got!good,!we!soon!scored!the!diminutive!ShortFtailed!PygmyFTyrant.!!Reasonable!flower!volume!had!quite!a!few!hummingbirds,!including!quite!a!few!BlackFthroated!Mangos!but!not!the!hoped!for!awlbill.!!Arriving!at!a!view!point,!we!spent!some!time!at!a!natural!canopy!tower,!waiting!for!birds!to!come!to!us.!!And!come!to!us!they!did!!!Small!groups!of!tanagers!moved!through!at!varying!times,!and!included!Turquoise,!BlueFnecked,!and!BayFheaded!Tanagers.!!The!viewpoint!also!proved!good!for!flycatchers,!and!we!found!a!Rufous!Casiornis,!several!LongFtailed!Tyrants,!and!a!couple!of!YellowFbreasted!“OchreFlored”!Flycatchers.!!A!wonderful!variety!of!puffbirds!also!put!in!an!appearance,!and!included!Striolated,!WhiteFnecked,!and!Pied!Puffbirds,!and!WhiteFfronted!Nunbird.!!Leaving!the!viewpoint!we!traversed!the!open!hilltop,!picking!up!a!smattering!of!new!species.!!Included!among!these!was!a!pair!of!Sibilant!Sirystes,!the!skulking!Southern!WhiteFfringed!Antwren,!a!beautiful!Paradise!Jacamar,!and!the!local!Natterer’s!SlatyFAntshrike,!before!we!circled!around!and!descended!again!into!the!taller!forest.!!Back!in!the!humid!woodland!we!checked!out!a!stakeout!of!mine!for!WhiteFbrowed!and!

Blackish!Antbirds,!both!of!which!eventually!responded.!!Switching!back!to!flock!birding!mode,!we!teased!out!a!few!species!we!still!needed,!including!BroadFbilled!Motmot,!ChestnutFcrowned!Becard,!Ornate!Antwren,!and!Helmeted!PygmyFTyrant!before!calling!it!a!morning.!!Immediately!after!lunch!we!headed!

out!again!(unusual!for!birding!Cristalino,!when!that!time!is!best!spent!resting),!on!a!tip!of!a!day!roosting!LongFtailed!Potoo!(see!the!cover!photo).!!And!man!did!it!pay!off!!!Not!only!was!it!roosting!in!full!view,!it!was!roosting!uncharacteristically!low,!and!gave!us!some!of!the!best!views!of!the!species!I’ve!ever!had.!

For!the!afternoon!we!decided!to!walk!a!trail!that!started!at!the!lodge!grounds,!and!traversed!an!area!of!good!Terra(Firme!forest.!!Typically!for!an!afternoon,!the!activity!wasn’t!high!and!we!adopted!a!more!targeted!approach.!!This!paid!off!with!one!of!the!most!cooperative!WhiteFchinned!Woodcreepers!I’ve!ever!had!the!pleasure!of!encountering,!as!well!as!a!less!cooperative!GreenFbacked!Trogon!that!finally!gave!everyone!a!look.!!A!small!antswarm!didn’t!have!a!whole!lot!of!birds!at!it,!but!did!have!a!cooperative!Amazonian!Barred!Woodcreeper,!a!far!less!cooperative!RedFbilled!(Uniform)!Woodcreeper,!and!a!couple!of!coy!BlackFspotted!BareFeyes.!

For!our!last!full!day!at!Cristalino!we!decided!to!head!to!another!of!the!Serra!hilltops,!known!as!“Serra!Nova”.!!The!walk!to!the!top!passes!through!some!excellent!forest,!and!we!spent!the!first!part!of!the!morning!on!some!flock!searching.!!With!not!too!much!left!to!look!for!it!was!down!to!finding!some!of!the!harder!specialties!and!a!few!things!we!had!missed.!!This!paid!off!in!the!form!of!RedFnecked!Woodpecker,!RufousFtailed!FoliageFgleaner!for!those!who!had!missed!it!previously,!and!Sclater’s!Antwren.!!!

Once!on!the!hilltop!we!switched!modes,!and!started!scanning!treetops!and!forest!edges.!!A!flowering!bush!produced!some!quick!but!diagnostic!views!of!FieryFtailed!Awlbill!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Versicolored!Emeralds,!while!some!shy!Blackish!Nightjars!(see!previous!page)!along!the!edge!eventually!allowed!some!beautiful!looks.!!Further!along,!we!finally!had!some!good!luck!with!another!of!Cristalino’s!specialties,!BrownFbanded!Puffbird,!when!a!pair!responded!beautifully!and!allowed!us!prolonged!views.!

Back!down!on!the!forest!floor!the!walk!back!was!fairly!uneventful,!but!some!persistent!calling!just!off!the!trail!alerted!us!to!the!presence!of!a!WhiteFbeared!Hermit!lek,!a!new!species!for!the!trip.!!One!last!flock!had!a!couple!of!SpotFwinged!Antshrikes!and!WhiteFeyed!Antwrens,!but!not!much!new.!

Our!afternoon’s!outing!brought!us!back!to!some!of!the!same!trails!as!the!day!before,!hoping!to!refind!the!antswarm!and!maybe!some!of!the!specialties!associated!with!it.!!Unfortunately,!while!we!found!ants,!it!was!only!a!small!column!and!the!hoped!for!birds!weren’t!there.!!However,!our!luck!changed!as!we!were!

circling!back!to!the!lodge!and!Frank!managed!the!most!amazing!spot!of!the!trip!when!he!found!another!LongFtailed!Potoo!perched!high!in!a!tall!tree!!!Seeing!one!of!this!rare!bird!on!a!trip!is!a!highlight,!seeing!two!is!practically!unprecedented!!

With!a!little!bit!of!daylight!left!we!ascended!to!the!middle!level!of!Tower!1,!where!a!fruiting!tree!close!to!the!tower!was!a!bit!of!a!draw!to!fruitCeating!species.!!There!wasn’t!a!whole!lot!of!activity!late!in!the!day,!but!what!activity!there!was!came!in!practically!close!enough!to!touch!!!The!highlight!was!clearly!a!small!flock!of!WhiteFbellied!Parrots!(see!previous!page)!that!spent!a!prolonged!period!feeding!away.!!Other!birds!present!included!Green!Honeycreeper,!BlackFfaced!Dacnis,!and!Guianan!Tyrannulet.!

With!a!midCmorning!departure!from!Cristalino!we!had!enough!time!to!return!to!Tower!1!for!a!few!hours!before!heading!out.!!Quickly!climbing!to!the!top,!we!spent!the!first!bit!of!time!scanning!the!distant!(and!not!so!distant)!trees.!!Our!reward!for!this!included!a!handsome!Ringed!Woodpecker,!a!distant!SlatyFcapped!ShrikeFVireo,!a!few!BareFnecked!Fruitcrows!and!Kawall’s!Amazons,!as!well!as!some!flyover!Amazonian!Swifts.!

Descending!back!to!the!middle!level,!where!the!same!fruiting!tree!awaited!us,!we!again!found!the!WhiteFbellied!Parrots,!as!well!as!OpalFcrowned!Tanager,!BlackFfaced!and!Blue!Dacnises,!Purple!Honeycreeper,!Guianan!Tyrannulet,!and!Grayish!Mourner.!

The!time!had!finally!come,!and!we!had!to!leave!Cristalino.!!Our!respectable!haul!there!was!supplemented!by!one!last!stop!along!the!road!out,!where!a!small!palm!swamp!produced!a!cooperative!pair!of!PointFtailed!Palmcreepers!and!many!Neotropical!PalmFSwifts!zooming!overhead.!!Our!flight!back!to!Cuiaba!was!quick!and!easy,!and!our!intrepid!drive!Joceli!was!awaiting!right!on!time,!and!it!was!off!to!the!Pantanal.!

The!Pantanal!

There!are!few!places!in!the!New!World!that!offer!the!overwhelming!wildlife!spectacled!that!the!Pantanal!gives!you.!!This!is!especially!true!right!at!dawn,!and!the!first!morning!walking!in!the!Pantanal!is!a!magical!experience!not!soon!forgotten.!

And!our!first!morning!here!was!no!exception.!!We!started!our!Pantanal!sojourn!at!the!very!northern!of!the!Transpantaneira,!at!Pousada!Piuval.!!Starting!out!on!foot!right!as!it!was!getting!light,!we!were!soon!assaulted!by!birdlife!everywhere!!!Coming!fast!and!furious!were!Whistling!Heron,!flyby!flocks!of!the!ginourmous!and!amazing!Hyacinth!Macaw,!a!few!smaller!YellowFcollared!Macaws,!herds!of!ostrichClike!Greater!Rheas,!oodles!of!ibis!including!Plumbeous,!BuffFnecked,!BareFfaced,!and!Green,!ridiculous!numbers!of!Snail!Kites!in!addition!to!the!lowerCdensity!BlackFcollared!and!Savanna!Hawks,!and!lots!more.!

And!that!was!just!in!the!more!open,!wetland!area!outside!the!forest!!!As!we!started!into!the!tall!gallery!woodland!we!found!an!entirely!new!cornucopia.!!Small!flocks!included!the!bizarre!RedFbilled!Scythebill,!many!YellowFolive!Flycatchers,!a!smattering!of!LargeFbilled!Antwrens,!and!AshyFheaded!Greenlet.!!Away!from!flocks,!we!found!numerous!WhiteFlored!Spinetails,!a!few!Mato!Grosso!Antbirds,!RustyFfaced!TodyFFlycatcher,!and!best!of!all,!a!pair!of!BlackF

bellied!Antwrens.!

Finally!arriving!at!the!edge!of!a!large!lake,!we!checked!out!the!marshy!edge!and!scored!our!first!BlackFcapped!Donacobius,!some!Greater!Thornbirds!by!their!impressive!stick!nests,!and!at!the!woodland!edge!nearby,!a!couple!of!WhiteFwedged!Piculets.!

The!final!habitat!we!checked!that!morning!was!the!open!pastures,!and!even!though!they!looked!to!be!the!most!disturbed!and!least!productive!of!all!the!areas!around!Piuval,!they!still!gave!us!some!new!birds.!!Perhaps!the!most!popular!of!these!was!a!couple!of!RedFlegged!Seriemas,!a!really!cool!bird!most!closely!related!to!extinct!terror!birds.!!Numerous!Greater!Rheas!shared!the!fields!with!smaller!numbers!of!ChestnutFbellied!Guans!and!BareFfaced!Curassows,!and!the!margins!of!the!fields!had!a!few!things!like!NarrowFbilled!Woodcreeper.!

Following!our!typical!pattern,!we!enjoyed!a!bit!of!an!afterClunch!break!before!heading!out!with!a!smaller!list!of!target!species!to!look!for!in!the!afternoon.!!The!first!stop!was!back!

along!the!main!road,!where!a!small!papyrus!swamp!had!a!few!ScarletFheaded!Blackbirds,!always!a!popular!species,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!RustyFcollared!Seedeaters.!

Back!along!the!entrance!road,!we!soon!found!a!couple!of!Grassland!Sparrows,!a!single!WedgeFtailed!Grassfinch,!and!some!WhiteFrumped!Monjitas.!!As!the!evening!wore!on,!hordes!of!parrots!began!flying!over!towards!their!roosts.!!Most!of!these!were!TurquioseFfronted!Amazons,!along!with!PeachFfronted!Parakeet,!YellowFchevroned!Parakeet,!respectable!numbers!of!Hyacinth!Macaw,!and!a!few!Monk!Parakeets.!!!

We!had!done!so!well!the!day!before!that!we!didn’t!have!very!many!target!birds!for!our!second!morning!at!Piuval.!!We!set!out!to!find!what!new!we!could,!and!soon!found!our!first!Crane!Hawk.!!A!search!for!the!formerly!reliable!WhiteCfronted!Woodpeckers!turned!up!empty,!but!we!struck!gold!in!the!form!of!a!TawnyFbellied!Seedeater!near!the!lake!edge.!!A!couple!of!GrayFcrested!Cacholotes!gave!us!better!views!than!the!day!before,!and!we!had!many!other!good!views!of!species!we!had!seen!the!previous!day.!!Our!last!bit!of!birding!at!Piuval!was!around!the!cabins,!where!we!enjoyed!good!looks!at!many!of!the!common!Pantanal!species,!as!well!as!an!amazing!number!of!Nacunda!Nighthawks!out!over!the!wet!pastures.!

After!our!lunch!we!packed!up!and!began!the!drive!south!to!the!next!port!of!call.!!Along!the!way!we!stopped!wherever!the!birding!looked!good,!and!in!this!way!enjoyed!the!sight!of!a!truly!startling!number!of!Limpkin!(several!hundred),!our!only!Pearl!Kite!of!the!tour,!a!couple!of!BlackFbacked!WaterFTyrant!and!others.!

Arriving!at!the!Pixaim!River!in!the!midCafternoon,!we!checked!in!and!got!ready!for!a!late!afternoon!boat!ride!on!the!river.!!The!most!hoped!for!species!here!was!Agami!Heron,!though!due!to!high!water!we!struck!out!on!this.!!Even!so,!the!birding!was!productive,!and!we!scored!RustyFbacked!Spinetail,!only!WhiteFtailed!Hawk!of!the!trip,!the!first!BlueFthroated!PipingFGuans!we!were!to!see,!and!a!couple!of!OrangeFbacked!Troupials.!

Early!the!next!morning!we!returned!to!the!river!for!a!couple!of!hours,!hoping!again!for!an!Agami.!!Unfortunately!we!again!struck!out,!but!did!see!a!few!BandFtailed!Nighthawks!right!at!first!light,!as!well!as!a!large!BareFfaced!Ibis!roost.!!As!it!got!lighter!the!more!normal!daytime!species!started!to!wake!up,!and!included!another!Sungrebe!among!the!more!expected!species.!

Returning!to!the!hotel!and!a!quick!breakfast,!we!then!set!out!into!the!adjacent!gallery!forest,!with!a!small!list!of!targets!to!search!for.!!We!quickly!found!PaleFlegged!Hornero!and!Helemeted!Manakin,!along!with!the!regular!flock!species!like!AshyFheaded!Greenlet,!RustyFbacked!Spinetail,!Olivaceous!Woodcreeper,!and!Flavescent!Warbler.!!Circling!around!on!another!trail,!we!exited!onto!a!side!road!through!more!open!habitat.!!Here!we!

lucked!into!a!young!male!WhiteFnaped!Xenopsaris,!a!difficult!species!that!we!were!quite!happy!to!find!!!As!we!made!our!way!back!to!the!hotel!for!lunch!we!walked!along!an!old!runway,!and!lucked!into!our!second!rare!species!of!the!day,!a!very!unexpected!WhiteFbellied!Tyrannulet,!the!first!I’ve!seen!in!the!Pantanal.!

For!the!afternoon!we!returned!to!the!side!road!we!had!birded!earlier.!!The!heat!made!the!activity!low!to!start,!

but!it!soon!picked!up.!!We!picked!up!some!of!the!species!we!still!needed,!including!BuffFbellied!Hermit,!and!exceptionally!skulky!CinereousFbreasted!Spinetail,!and!a!BranFcolored!Flycatcher!that!remained!unfortunately!heard!only!for!most.!!Nearby!a!AshFthroated!Crake!was!even!less!obliging,!and!while!we!all!got!to!hear!its!distinctive!song!quite!well,!nary!a!glimpse!was!had.!

The!day!was!beginning!to!draw!to!a!close,!so!we!began!the!trek!back.!!One!of!the!day’s!highlights!came!right!at!the!end,!when!a!group!of!Southern!Caracaras!(actually!a!very!common!species!here;!see!photo!on!the!next!page)!started!dustCbathing!in!the!road.!!Watching!their!antics!as!they!tried!to!reach!every!feather!was!a!unique!and!amusing!experience!to!say!the!least!!

Since!the!side!road!had!been!productive!the!day!before,!our!final!morning!in!the!Pixaim!River!was!spent!there!as!well.!!The!birds!were!mostly!the!same!as!the!day!before,!though!beautiful!views!of!American!PygmyFKingfisher!were!much!appreciated,!and!a!few!gripped!back!on!BuffFbellied!Hermit.!!Then!Frank!pulled!out!another!amazing!spot!when!he!calmly!announced!that!there!was!an!Ocelot!walking!down!the!road!!!!And!then!even!better,!it!continued!to!walk!towards!us!for!well!over!a!minute,!an!exceptionally!long!view!of!this!usually!shy!feline.!

Wrapping!up!at!Pixaim,!we!began!our!final!drive!south!towards!the!end!of!the!road.!!A!bit!of!birding!here!and!there!saw!a!small!trickle!of!species!we!still!needed,!with!Maguari!Stork!and!a!pair!of!Great!Horned!Owls!standing!out.!!More!ScarletFheaded!Blackbirds,!a!couple!of!BlackFbacked!WaterFTyrants,!and!a!Chotoy!Spinetail!rounded!

out!the!morning.!

We!arrived!at!Porto!Jofre!just!in!time!for!lunch!and!a!short!break!before!venturing!onto!the!extensive!river!system!in!search!of!the!ultimate!mammalian!highlight!of!the!Pantanal.!!Time!spent!around!Porto!Jofre!is!different!than!most!birding!we!do!on!our!tours!in!that!we!spend!most!of!our!time!on!boats!zooming!up!and!down!the!river,!and!stopping!whenever!something!interesting!appeared.!

BirdCwise,!that!something!interesting!came!in!the!form!of!

various!waterbirds!we!hadn’t!yet!seen!(or!had!good!looks!at),!including!LargeFbilled!and!YellowFbilled!Terns,!a!couple!of!Collared!Plovers,!and!some!of!the!stunningly!patterned!

Pied!Lapwing.!!But!the!real!fun!came!after!a!crackly!call!on!the!radio,!a!highCspeed!chase!over!the!water,!and!then!a!lump!of!orange!and!black!spots!on!the!bank.!!I!am,!of!course,!talking!about!Jaguars!!!The!Porto!Jofre!area!is!the!best!place!on!earth!to!see!this!huge!and!gorgeous!cat,!and!at!the!right!time!of!year!sightings!of!them!are!nearly!guaranteed.!!Still,!it!was!a!relief!to!find!one!early!on,!and!gave!us!a!degree!of!freedom!on!our!subsequent!plans.!

More!searching!of!the!rivers,!hoping!for!more!jaguars,!turned!up!empty.!!We!did!see!quite!a!few!more!Southern!Screamers,!more!caimans!than!you!could!shake!a!stick!at,!and!a!couple!of!Giant!Otters,!before!the!light!started!to!fade!and!we!returned!to!the!hotel.!!The!last!spectacle!of!the!day!was!just!shy!of!the!dock,!where!more!Snail!Kites!than!I’ve!ever!seen!before!streamed!overhead!on!their!way!to!a!roost!somewhere.!!By!the!time!I!was!done!counting!we!had!seen!nearly!1000!Snail!Kits,!a!truly!spectacular!sight.!

Hoping!for!more!views!of!the!spotted!kitties,!we!headed!out!onto!the!river!again!the!next!morning.!!Zooming!up!and!down!the!rivers,!we!enjoyed!more!views!of!many!of!the!same!birds,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Giant!Otters.!!Then!we!got!the!call!and!we!were!off!again!!!Arriving!at!the!spot,!there!was!no!cat!visible.!!Since!this!is!not!uncommon,!we!sat!and!waited!a!bit,!and!then!all!of!a!sudden!there!it!was!!!We!were!fairly!close!to!sure,!and!the!Jaguar!was!walking!right!towards!us,!for!one!of!the!best!views!I’ve!had!of!the!species!!!!

With!everyone!satisfied!with!our!Jaguar!experiences,!we!returned!to!terra!firme!and!spent!the!rest!of!our!time!birding!from!land.!!We!had!done!so!well!previously!that!we!had!a!bare!handful!of!species!to!still!look!for.!!That!didn’t!stop!us!from!enjoying!more!and!better!views!of!some!species!we!had!already!seen,!though,!and!even!found!a!new!species!in!the!form!of!FawnFbreasted!Wren.!!Other!species!found!include!BuffFbreasted!Hermit,!a!nice!flock!that!had!goodies!such!as!Hooded!Tanager,!ChestnutFvented!Conebill,!AshFheaded!TodyFTyrant,!and!a!GoldenFgreen!Woodpecker,!among!many!others.!

The!area!around!the!hotel!also!proved!to!be!quite!birdy.!!Perhaps!most!popular!were!the!many!Hyacinth!Macaws,!which!are!especially!tame!here!and!offer!probably!the!best!views!

possible!of!this!species,!anywhere.!!A!couple!of!fairly!tame!Jabirus!and!Southern!Screamers!were!also!fun!to!look!at,!and!a!nesting!Cattle!Tyrant!right!along!the!small!boardwalk!behind!the!hotel!was!fun!to!see.!

For!our!last!morning!of!birding!on!the!tour,!we!again!decided!to!keep!our!feet!dry!and!not!head!back!out!onto!the!boat.!!So!we!walked!a!side!road!through!decent!secondary!forest,!and!spent!some!times!scouring!the!forest!for!the!last!few!possible!new!species.!!These!didn’t!cooperate,!but!we!did!enjoy!some!more!good!views!of!things!like!ChestnutFvented!Conebill!and!FawnFbreasted!Wren!among!other!flock!species.!!Frank!yet!again!pulled!out!an!amazing!spot!when!he!found!a!DarkFbilled!Cuckoo,!and!made!the!morning!a!success!in!terms!of!adding!to!the!list!!

With!a!long!drive!back!to!Cuiaba,!we!headed!out!immediately!after!lunch!and!began!the!trek.!!There!wasn’t!much!time!top!stop!on!the!way,!but!we!did!make!time!to!stop!at!one!particular!bridge.!!We!had!already!birded!there!before,!but!we!stopped!again!for!a!last!ditch!attempt!at!our!most!ridiculously!overdue!bird!for!the!list!–!WhiteFheaded!MarshFTyrant.!!And!thankfully!this!time!they!cooperated!in!style!!!Not!only!did!we!see!them,!we!saw!them!close,!well,!and!singing.!!A!couple!of!rare!WhiteFrumped!Swallows!and!some!stellar!views!of!Chotoy!Spinetail!rounded!out!the!drive!back.!

Species!List!

Bird(taxonomy(follows(Clements,(J.(F.,(T.(S.(Schulenberg,(M.(J.(Iliff,(B.L.(Sullivan,(C.(L.(Wood,(and(D.(Roberson.(2012.(The(eBird/Clements(checklist(of(birds(of(the(world:(Version(6.9((2014).(

A!total!of!498!species!were!encountered,!of!which!18!were!heard!only!(marked!with!an!H),!and!3!were!guide!only!(marked!with!a!G).!

!

!RHEAS! RHEIDAE##

!Greater!Rhea! Rhea(americana(

!TINAMOUS! TINAMIDAE##

h! Cinereous!Tinamou! Crypturellus(cinereus(h! Undulated!Tinamou! Crypturellus(undulatus(h! Variegated!Tinamou! Crypturellus(variegatus(

!SmallCbilled!Tinamou! Crypturellus(parvirostris(

!SCREAMERS! ANHIMIDAE##

!Southern!Screamer! Chauna(torquata(

!DUCKS,!GEESE,!AND!WATERFOWL! ANATIDAE##

!WhiteCfaced!WhistlingCDuck! Dendrocygna(viduata(

!BlackCbellied!WhistlingCDuck! Dendrocygna(autumnalis(

!Muscovy!Duck! Cairina(moschata(

!Brazilian!Teal! Amazonetta(brasiliensis(

!GUANS,!CHACHALACAS,!CURASSOWS! CRACIDAE##

!Chaco!Chachalaca! Ortalis(canicollis(

!Spix's!Guan! Penelope(jacquacu(

!ChestnutCbellied!Guan! Penelope(ochrogaster(

!BlueCthroated!PipingCGuan! Pipile(cumanensis(

!RedCthroated!PipingCGuan! Pipile(cujubi(

!BareCfaced!Curassow! Crax(fasciolata(

!STORKS! CICONIIDAE##

!Maguari!Stork! Ciconia(maguari(

!Jabiru! Jabiru(mycteria(

!Wood!Stork! Mycteria(americana(

!CORMORANTS!AND!SHAGS! PHALACROCORACIDAE##

!Neotropic!Cormorant! Phalacrocorax(brasilianus(

!ANHINGAS! ANHINGIDAE##

!Anhinga! Anhinga(anhinga(

!HERONS,!EGRETS,!AND!BITTERNS! ARDEIDAE##

!Rufescent!TigerCHeron! Tigrisoma(lineatum(

!Cocoi!Heron! Ardea(cocoi(

!Great!Egret! Ardea(alba(

!Snowy!Egret! Egretta(thula(

!Little!Blue!Heron! Egretta(caerulea(

!Cattle!Egret! Bubulcus(ibis(

!Striated!Heron! Butorides(striata(

!Whistling!Heron! Syrigma(sibilatrix(

!Capped!Heron! Pilherodius(pileatus(

!BlackCcrowned!NightCHeron! Nycticorax(nycticorax(

!IBISES!AND!SPOONBILLS! THRESKIORNITHIDAE##

!WhiteCfaced!Ibis! Plegadis(chihi(

!Green!Ibis! Mesembrinibis(cayennensis(

!BareCfaced!Ibis! Phimosus(infuscatus(

!Plumbeous!Ibis! Theristicus(caerulescens(

!BuffCnecked!Ibis! Theristicus(caudatus(

!Roseate!Spoonbill! Platalea(ajaja(

!NEW!WORLD!VULTURES! CATHARTIDAE##

!Black!Vulture! Coragyps(atratus(

!Turkey!Vulture! Cathartes(aura(

!Lesser!YellowCheaded!Vulture! Cathartes(burrovianus(

!Greater!YellowCheaded!Vulture! Cathartes(melambrotus(

!King!Vulture! Sarcoramphus(papa(

!HAWKS,!EAGLES,!AND!KITES! ACCIPITRIDAE##

!Pearl!Kite! Gampsonyx(swainsonii(

!SwallowCtailed!Kite! Elanoides(forficatus(

!BlackCcollared!Hawk! Busarellus(nigricollis(

!Snail!Kite! Rostrhamus(sociabilis(

!Crane!Hawk! Geranospiza(caerulescens(

!Savanna!Hawk! Buteogallus(meridionalis(

!Great!Black!Hawk! Buteogallus(urubitinga(

!Roadside!Hawk! Rupornis(magnirostris(

!WhiteCtailed!Hawk! Geranoaetus(albicaudatus(

!White!Hawk! Pseudastur(albicollis(

!GrayClined!(Gray)!Hawk! Buteo(nitidus(

!ShortCtailed!Hawk! Buteo(brachyurus(

!SUNBITTERN! EURYPYGIDAE##

!Sunbittern! Eurypyga(helias(

!RAILS,!GALLINULES,!AND!COOTS! RALLIDAE##

g! RufousCsided!Crake! Laterallus(melanophaius(

!GrayCnecked!WoodCRail! Aramides(cajaneus(

h! AshCthroated!Crake! Porzana(albicollis(

!FINFOOTS! HELIORNITHIDAE##

!Sungrebe! Heliornis(fulica(

!LIMPKIN! ARAMIDAE##

!Limpkin! Aramus(guarauna(

!TRUMPETERS! PSOPHIIDAE##

!DarkCwinged!Trumpeter! Psophia(viridis(

!STILTS!AND!AVOCETS! RECURVIROSTRIDAE##

!BlackCnecked!(WhiteCbacked)!Stilt! Himantopus(mexicanus(melanurus(

!PLOVERS!AND!LAPWINGS! CHARADRIIDAE##

!Pied!Lapwing! Vanellus(cayanus(

!Southern!Lapwing! Vanellus(chilensis(

!Collared!Plover! Charadrius(collaris(

!JACANAS! JACANIDAE##

!Wattled!Jacana! Jacana(jacana(

!SANDPIPERS!AND!ALLIES! SCOLOPACIDAE##

!South!American!Snipe! Gallinago(paraguaiae(

!GULLS,!TERNS,!AND!SKIMMERS! LARIDAE##

!YellowCbilled!Tern! Sternula(superciliaris(

!LargeCbilled!Tern! Phaetusa(simplex(

!Black!Skimmer! Rynchops(niger(

!PIGEONS!AND!DOVES! COLUMBIDAE##

!Rock!Pigeon! Columba(livia(

!PaleCvented!Pigeon! Patagioenas(cayennensis(

!Scaled!Pigeon! Patagioenas(speciosa(

!Picazuro!Pigeon! Patagioenas(picazuro(

!Plumbeous!Pigeon! Patagioenas(plumbea(

!Ruddy!Pigeon! Patagioenas(subvinacea(

!Eared!Dove! Zenaida(auriculata(

!Ruddy!GroundCDove! Columbina(talpacoti(

!Scaled!Dove! Columbina(squammata(

!Picui!GroundCDove! Columbina(picui(

!Blue!GroundCDove! Claravis(pretiosa(

!LongCtailed!GroundCDove! Uropelia(campestris(

!Ruddy!QuailCDove! Geotrygon(montana(

!WhiteCtipped!Dove! Leptotila(verreauxi(

!GrayCfronted!Dove! Leptotila(rufaxilla(

!CUCKOOS! CUCULIDAE##

!Little!Cuckoo! Coccycua(minuta(

!Squirrel!Cuckoo! Piaya(cayana(

!BlackCbellied!Cuckoo! Piaya(melanogaster(

!DarkCbilled!Cuckoo! Coccyzus(melacoryphus(

!Guira!Cuckoo! Guira(guira(

h! Striped!Cuckoo! Tapera(naevia(h! Greater!Ani! Crotophaga(major(

!SmoothCbilled!Ani! Crotophaga(ani(

!OWLS! STRIGIDAE##

!Great!Horned!Owl! Bubo(virginianus(

!Ferruginous!PygmyCOwl! Glaucidium(brasilianum(

!Burrowing!Owl! Athene(cunicularia(

!NIGHTJARS!AND!ALLIES! CAPRIMULGIDAE##

!Nacunda!Nighthawk! Chordeiles(nacunda(

!BandCtailed!Nighthawk! Nyctiprogne(leucopyga(

!Blackish!Nightjar! Nyctipolus(nigrescens(

!Common!Pauraque! Nyctidromus(albicollis(

!SpotCtailed!Nightjar! Hydropsalis(maculicaudus(

g! Ocellated!Poorwill! Nyctiphrynus(ocellatus(

!POTOOS! NYCTIBIIDAE##

!LongCtailed!Potoo! Nyctibius(aethereus(

!Common!Potoo! Nyctibius(griseus(

!SWIFTS! APODIDAE##

!Amazonian!Swift! Chaetura(viridipennis(

!ShortCtailed!Swift! Chaetura(brachyura(

!GrayCrumped!Swift! Chaetura(cinereiventris(

!PaleCrumped!Swift! Chaetura(egregia(

!ForkCtailed!PalmCSwift! Tachornis(squamata(

!HUMMINGBIRDS! TROCHILIDAE##

!WhiteCnecked!Jacobin! Florisuga(mellivora(

!WhiteCbearded!Hermit! Phaethornis(hispidus(

!GreatCbilled!Hermit! Phaethornis(malaris(

!BuffCbellied!Hermit! Phaethornis(subochraceus(

!Planalto!Hermit! Phaethornis(pretrei(

!WhiteCvented!Violetear! Colibri(serrirostris(

!BlackCeared!Fairy! Heliothryx(auritus(

!WhiteCtailed!Goldenthroat! Polytmus(guainumbi(

!FieryCtailed!Awlbill! Avocettula(recurvirostris(

!BlackCthroated!Mango! Anthracothorax(nigricollis(

g! BlackCbellied!Thorntail! Discosura(langsdorffi(

!BlueCtufted!Starthroat! Heliomaster(furcifer(

!GlitteringCbellied!Emerald! Chlorostilbon(lucidus(

!SwallowCtailed!Hummingbird! Eupetomena(macroura(

!ForkCtailed!Woodnymph! Thalurania(furcata(

!Versicolored!Emerald! Amazilia(versicolor(

!GlitteringCthroated!Emerald! Amazilia(fimbriata(

!Gilded!Hummingbird!(Sapphire)! Hylocharis(chrysura(

!TROGONS! TROGONIDAE##

!Pavonine!Quetzal! Pharomachrus(pavoninus(

!BlackCtailed!Trogon! Trogon(melanurus(eumorphus(

!GreenCbacked!(WhiteCtailed)!Trogon! Trogon(viridis(viridis(

!Amazonian!(Violaceous)!Trogon! Trogon(ramonianus(

!BlueCcrowned!Trogon! Trogon(curucui(

h! BlackCthroated!Trogon! Trogon(rufus(

!Collared!Trogon! Trogon(collaris(

!MOTMOTS! MOMOTIDAE##

!Amazonian!(BlueCcrowned)!Motmot! Momotus(momota(simplex(

!BroadCbilled!Motmot! Electron(platyrhynchum(

!KINGFISHERS! ALCEDINIDAE##

!Ringed!Kingfisher! Megaceryle(torquata(

!Amazon!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(amazona(

!Green!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(americana(

!GreenCandCrufous!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(inda(

!American!Pygmy!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(aenea(

!PUFFBIRDS! BUCCONIDAE##

!WhiteCnecked!Puffbird! Notharchus(hyperrhynchus(

!BrownCbanded!Puffbird! Notharchus(ordii(

!Pied!Puffbird! Notharchus(tectus(

!Striolated!Puffbird! Nystalus(striolatus(torridus(

!WhiteCeared!Puffbird! Nystalus(chacuru(

!BlackCfronted!Nunbird! Monasa(nigrifrons(

!WhiteCfronted!Nunbird! Monasa(morphoeus(

!

SwallowCwinged!Puffbird!(SwallowCwing)! Chelidoptera(tenebrosa(

!JACAMARS! GALBULIDAE##

!BlueCcheeked!Jacamar! Galbula(cyanicollis(

!RufousCtailed!Jacamar! Galbula(ruficauda(

!Bronzy!Jacamar! Galbula(leucogastra(

!Paradise!Jacamar! Galbula(dea(

!NEW!WORLD!BARBETS! CAPITONIDAE##

!BlackCgirdled!Barbet! Capito(dayi(

!TOUCANS! RAMPHASTIDAE##

!Lettered!Aracari! Pteroglossus(inscriptus(

!ChestnutCeared!Aracari! Pteroglossus(castanotis(

!CurlCcrested!Aracari! Pteroglossus(beauharnaesii(

!RedCnecked!Aracari! Pteroglossus(bitorquatus(

!Gould's!Toucanet! Selenidera(gouldii(

!Toco!Toucan! Ramphastos(toco(

!WhiteCthroated!(Cuvier's)!Toucan! Ramphastos(tucanus(cuvieri(

!ChannelCbilled!Toucan! Ramphastos(vitellinus(culminatus(

!WOODPECKERS! PICIDAE##

!WhiteCwedged!Piculet! Picumnus(albosquamatus(

!White!Woodpecker! Melanerpes(candidus(

!YellowCtufted!Woodpecker! Melanerpes(cruentatus(

!Little!Woodpecker! Veniliornis(passerinus(

!RedCstained!Woodpecker! Veniliornis(affinis(

!YellowCthroated!Woodpecker! Piculus(flavigula(magnus(

!GoldenCgreen!Woodpecker! Piculus(chrysochloros(

!GreenCbarred!Woodpecker! Colaptes(melanochloros(

!Campo!Flicker! Colaptes(campestris(

!ScaleCbreasted!Woodpecker! Celeus(grammicus(

!PaleCcrested!Woodpecker! Celeus(lugubris(

!CreamCcolored!Woodpecker! Celeus(flavus(

!Ringed!Woodpecker! Celeus(torquatus(

!Lineated!Woodpecker! Dryocopus(lineatus(

!RedCnecked!Woodpecker! Campephilus(rubricollis(

!CrimsonCcrested!Woodpecker! Campephilus(melanoleucos(

!SERIEMAS! CARIAMIDAE##

!RedClegged!Seriema! Cariama(cristata(

!FALCONS!AND!CARACARAS! FALCONIDAE##

!Black!Caracara! Daptrius(ater(

!RedCthroated!Caracara! Ibycter(americanus(

!Southern!Caracara! Caracara(plancus(

!YellowCheaded!Caracara! Milvago(chimachima(

h! Laughing!Falcon! Herpetotheres(cachinnans(

!American!Kestrel! Falco(sparverius(

!Aplomado!Falcon! Falco(femoralis(

!Bat!Falcon! Falco(rufigularis(

!OrangeCbreasted!Falcon! Falco(deiroleucus(

!PARROTS! PSITTACIDAE##

!ScarletCshouldered!Parrotlet! Touit(huetii(

!Monk!Parakeet! Myiopsitta(monachus(

!YellowCchevroned!Parakeet! Brotogeris(chiriri(

!GoldenCwinged!Parakeet! Brotogeris(chrysoptera(

!ScalyCheaded!Parrot! Pionus(maximiliani(

!BlueCheaded!Parrot! Pionus(menstruus(

!TurquoiseCfronted!(BlueCfronted)!Parrot! Amazona(aestiva(

!Kawall's!Parrot! Amazona(kawalli(

!OrangeCwinged!Parrot! Amazona(amazonica(

!BlueCwinged!Parrotlet! Forpus(xanthopterygius(

!DuskyCbilled!Parrotlet! Forpus(modestus(

!WhiteCbellied!Parrot! Pionites(leucogaster(

!RedCfan!Parrot! Deroptyus(accipitrinus(

!CrimsonCbellied!Parakeet! Pyrrhura(perlata(

!Santarem!Parakeet! Pyrrhura(amazonum(lucida(

!Hyacinth!Macaw! Anodorhynchus(hyacinthinus(

!PeachCfronted!Parakeet! Eupsittula(aurea(

!WhiteCeyed!Parakeet! Psittacara(leucophthalmus(

!BlueCwinged!Macaw! Primolius(maracana(

!YellowCcollared!(GoldenCcollared)!Macaw! Primolius(auricollis(

!ChestnutCfronted!Macaw! Ara(severus(

!RedCandCgreen!Macaw! Ara(chloropterus(

!Scarlet!Macaw! Ara(macao(

!BlueCandCyellow!Macaw! Ara(ararauna(

!BlueCcrowned!Parakeet! Thectocercus(acuticaudatus(

!RedCshouldered!Macaw! Diopsittaca(nobilis(

!TYPICAL!ANTBIRDS! THAMNOPHILIDAE##

!Fasciated!Antshrike! Cymbilaimus(lineatus(

!Great!Antshrike! Taraba(major(

!Glossy!Antshrike! Sakesphorus(luctuosus(

!Barred!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(doliatus(

!RufousCwinged!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(torquatus(

!ChestnutCbacked!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(palliatus(

!PlainCwinged!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(schistaceus(

!Natterer's!SlatyCAntshrike! Thamnophilus(stictocephalus(

!Amazonian!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(amazonicus(

!Plain!Antvireo! Dysithamnus(mentalis(

!Saturnine!Antshrike! Thamnomanes(saturninus(

!Cinereous!Antshrike! Thamnomanes(caesius(

!PlainCthroated!Antwren! Isleria(hauxwelli(

!SpotCwinged!Antshrike! Pygiptila(stellaris(

!WhiteCeyed!Antwren! Epinecrophylla(leucophthalma(

!Ornate!Antwren! Epinecrophylla(ornata(

!Pygmy!Antwren! Myrmotherula(brachyura(

!Sclater's!Antwren! Myrmotherula(sclateri(

!Amazonian!StreakedCAntwren! Myrmotherula(multostriata(

!WhiteCflanked!Antwren! Myrmotherula(axillaris(axillaris(

!LongCwinged!Antwren! Myrmotherula(longipennis(

!Gray!Antwren! Myrmotherula(menetriesii(

!LargeCbilled!Antwren! Herpsilochmus(longirostris(

!RufousCwinged!Antwren! Herpsilochmus(rufimarginatus(

!DotCwinged!Antwren! Microrhopias(quixensis(emiliae(

!WhiteCfringed!Antwren! Formicivora(grisea(

!RustyCbacked!Antwren! Formicivora(rufa(

!BlackCbellied!Antwren! Formicivora(melanogaster(

!Striated!Antbird! Drymophila(devillei(subochracea(

!Gray!Antbird! Cercomacra(cinerascens(

!Blackish!Antbird! Cercomacra(nigrescens(

!Mato!Grosso!Antbird! Cercomacra(melanaria(

!Manu!Antbird! Cercomacra(manu(

!WhiteCbrowed!Antbird! Myrmoborus(leucophrys(

!BlackCfaced!Antbird! Myrmoborus(myotherinus(

!BandCtailed!Antbird! Hypocnemoides(maculicauda(

!Silvered!Antbird! Sclateria(naevia(

!DotCbacked!Antbird! Hylophylax(punctulatus(

!Xingu!ScaleCbacked!Antbird! Willisornis(vidua(

!BlackCspotted!BareCeye! Phlegopsis(nigromaculata(

!ANTPITTAS! GRALLARIIDAE##

h! ThrushClike!Antpitta! Myrmothera(campanisona(

!OVENBIRDS! FURNARIIDAE:#FURNARIINAE#

!SpotCthroated!Woodcreeper! Certhiasomus(stictolaemus(

!Olivaceous!Woodcreeper! Sittasomus(griseicapillus(transitivus(

!LongCtailed!Woodcreeper! Deconychura(longicauda(

!WhiteCchinned!Woodcreeper! Dendrocincla(merula(

!WedgeCbilled!Woodcreeper! Glyphorynchus(spirurus(

!CinnamonCthroated!Woodcreeper! Dendrexetastes(rufigula(

!LongCbilled!Woodcreeper! Nasica(longirostris(

!Amazonian!BarredCWoodcreeper! Dendrocolaptes(certhia(concolor(

!RedCbilled!(Uniform)!Woodcreeper! Hylexetastes(perrotii(uniformis(

!StrongCbilled!Woodcreeper! Xiphocolaptes(promeropirhynchus(

!Spix's!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(spixii(

!

BuffCthroated!(Lafresnaye's)!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(guttatus(dorbignyanus(

!

BuffCthroated!(DuskyCbilled)!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(guttatus(eytoni(

!StraightCbilled!Woodcreeper! Dendroplex(picus(

!RedCbilled!Scythebill! Campylorhamphus(trochilirostris(

!CurveCbilled!(Tapajos)!Scythebill! Campylorhamphus(procurvoides(cardosoi(

!NarrowCbilled!Woodcreeper! Lepidocolaptes(angustirostris(

!Lineated!(Layard's)!Woodcreeper! Lepidocolaptes(albolineatus(layardi(

!SlenderCbilled!Xenops! Xenops(tenuirostris(

!Plain!Xenops! Xenops(minutus(

!PointCtailed!Palmcreeper! Berlepschia(rikeri(

!PaleClegged!Hornero! Furnarius(leucopus(

!Rufous!Hornero! Furnarius(rufus(

!DuskyCcheeked!(Crested)!FoliageCgleaner! Anabazenops(dorsalis(

!RufousCrumped!FoliageCgleaner! Philydor(erythrocercum(

!ChestnutCwinged!FoliageCgleaner! Philydor(erythropterum(

!RufousCtailed!FoliageCgleaner! Anabacerthia(ruficaudata(

!ChestnutCwinged!Hookbill! Ancistrops(strigilatus(

!RufousCfronted!(Common)!Thornbird! Phacellodomus(rufifrons(

!Greater!Thornbird! Phacellodomus(ruber(

!RustyCbacked!Spinetail! Cranioleuca(vulpina(

h! Speckled!Spinetail! Cranioleuca(gutturata(

!Rufous!(GrayCcrested)!Cacholote! Pseudoseisura(unirufa(

!Chotoy!Spinetail! Schoeniophylax(phryganophilus(

!YellowCchinned!Spinetail! Certhiaxis(cinnamomeus(

!SootyCfronted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(frontalis(

!PaleCbreasted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(albescens(

!CinereousCbreasted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(hypospodia(

!WhiteClored!Spinetail! Synallaxis(albilora(

!TYRANT!FLYCATCHERS! TYRANNIDAE##

!WhiteClored!Tyrannulet! Ornithion(inerme(

!Southern!BeardlessCTyrannulet! Camptostoma(obsoletum(

!Chapada!Flycatcher! Suiriri(islerorum(

!YellowCcrowned!Tyrannulet! Tyrannulus(elatus(

!Forest!Elaenia! Myiopagis(gaimardii(

!Gray!Elaenia! Myiopagis(caniceps(

!Greenish!Elaenia! Myiopagis(viridicata(

!SmallCbilled!Elaenia! Elaenia(parvirostris(

!PlainCcrested!Elaenia! Elaenia(cristata(

!WhiteCbellied!Tyrannulet! Serpophaga(munda(

!OchreCbellied!Flycatcher! Mionectes(oleagineus(

!SepiaCcapped!Flycatcher! Leptopogon(amaurocephalus(

!Planalto!Tyrannulet! Phyllomyias(fasciatus(

!Guianan!Tyrannulet! Zimmerius(acer(

!Amazonian!ScrubCFlycatcher! Sublegatus(obscurior(

!Plain!Tyrannulet! Inezia(inornata(

!Amazonian!Tyrannulet! Inezia(subflava(

!Southern!Antpipit! Corythopis(delalandi(

!TawnyCcrowned!PygmyCTyrant! Euscarthmus(meloryphus(

!ShortCtailed!PygmyCTyrant! Myiornis(ecaudatus(

!Helmeted!PygmyCTyrant! Lophotriccus(galeatus(

!WhiteCbellied!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(griseipectus(

!StripeCnecked!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(striaticollis(

!PearlyCvented!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(margaritaceiventer(

!Zimmer's!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(minimus(

!RustyCfronted!TodyCFlycatcher! Poecilotriccus(latirostris(

!Spotted!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(maculatum(

!Common!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(cinereum(

!YellowCbrowed!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(chrysocrotaphum(

!YellowColive!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(sulphurescens(pallescens(

!YellowCmargined!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(assimilis(assimilis(

!GrayCcrowned!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(poliocephalus(

!YellowCbreasted!(OchreClored)!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(flaviventris(subsimilis(

!WhiteCcrested!Spadebill! Platyrinchus(platyrhynchos(

!RuddyCtailed!Flycatcher! Terenotriccus(erythrurus(

!Cinnamon!ManakinCTyrant! Neopipo(cinnamomea(

!Whiskered!Flycatcher! Myiobius(barbatus(insignis(

!BranCcolored!Flycatcher! Myiophobus(fasciatus(

h! Euler's!Flycatcher! Lathrotriccus(euleri(

!Fuscous!Flycatcher! Cnemotriccus(fuscatus(

!Vermilion!Flycatcher! Pyrocephalus(rubinus(

!Drab!Water!Tyrant! Ochthornis(littoralis(

!WhiteCrumped!Monjita! Xolmis(velatus(

!BlackCbacked!WaterCTyrant! Fluvicola(albiventer(

!WhiteCheaded!Marsh!Tyrant! Arundinicola(leucocephala(

!LongCtailed!Tyrant! Colonia(colonus(

!Cattle!Tyrant! Machetornis(rixosa(

!LargeCheaded!Flatbill! Ramphotrigon(megacephalum(

!RufousCtailed!Flatbill! Ramphotrigon(ruficauda(

!DullCcapped!(WhiteCeyed)!Attila! Attila(bolivianus(

h! BrightCrumped!Attila! Attila(spadiceus(

!RufousCtailed!Attila! Attila(phoenicurus(

!Sibilant!(Eastern)!Sirystes! Sirystes(albocinereus(

!Rufous!Casiornis! Casiornis(rufus(

!Grayish!Mourner! Rhytipterna(simplex(

!DuskyCcapped!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(tuberculifer(

!Swainson's!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(swainsoni(

!ShortCcrested!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(ferox(

!BrownCcrested!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(tyrannulus(

!Lesser!Kiskadee! Pitangus(lictor(

!Great!Kiskadee! Pitangus(sulphuratus(

!BoatCbilled!Flycatcher! Megarynchus(pitangua(

!RustyCmargined!Flycatcher! Myiozetetes(cayanensis(

!Social!Flycatcher! Myiozetetes(similis(

!Piratic!Flycatcher! Legatus(leucophaius(

!Variegated!Flycatcher! Empidonomus(varius(

!Crowned!Slaty!Flycatcher! Empidonomus(aurantioatrocristatus(

!Tropical!Kingbird! Tyrannus(melancholicus(

!COTINGAS! COTINGIDAE##

!Amazonian!Umbrellabird! Cephalopterus(ornatus(

!Spangled!Cotinga! Cotinga(cayana(

!Screaming!Piha! Lipaugus(vociferans(

!Pompadour!Cotinga! Xipholena(punicea(

!BareCnecked!Fruitcrow! Gymnoderus(foetidus(

!MANAKINS! PIPRIDAE##

!Dwarf!TyrantCManakin! Tyranneutes(stolzmanni(

!Helmeted!Manakin! Antilophia(galeata(

h! BlueCbacked!Manakin! Chiroxiphia(pareola(

!FieryCcapped!Manakin! Machaeropterus(pyrocephalus(

!WhiteCcrowned!Manakin! Dixiphia(pipra(

!RedCheaded!Manakin! Ceratopipra(rubrocapilla(

!FlameCcrowned!(FlameCcrested)!Manakin! Heterocercus(linteatus(

!BandCtailed!Manakin! Pipra(fasciicauda(

!SnowCcapped!Manakin! Lepidothrix(nattereri(

!WingCbarred!Piprites! Piprites(chloris(

!TITYRAS!AND!ALLIES! TITYRIDAE##

!BlackCtailed!Tityra! Tityra(cayana(

!BlackCcrowned!Tityra! Tityra(inquisitor(

!Masked!Tityra! Tityra(semifasciata(

!BrownCwinged!(ThrushClike)!Schiffornis! Schiffornis(turdina(

!Cinereous!Mourner! Laniocera(hypopyrra(

!WhiteCbrowed!Purpletuft! Iodopleura(isabellae(

!WhiteCnaped!Xenopsaris! Xenopsaris(albinucha(

!ChestnutCcrowned!Becard! Pachyramphus(castaneus(

!WhiteCwinged!Becard! Pachyramphus(polychopterus(

!BlackCcapped!Becard! Pachyramphus(marginatus(

!Crested!Becard! Pachyramphus(validus(

!VIREOS! VIREONIDAE##

!GrayCchested!Greenlet! Hylophilus(semicinereus(

!AshyCheaded!Greenlet! Hylophilus(pectoralis(

!DuskyCcapped!Greenlet! Hylophilus(hypoxanthus(

h! TawnyCcrowned!Greenlet! Hylophilus(ochraceiceps(

!SlatyCcapped!ShrikeCVireo! Vireolanius(leucotis(

!RufousCbrowed!Peppershrike! Cyclarhis(gujanensis(

!CROWS,!JAYS,!AND!MAGPIES! CORVIDAE##

!Purplish!Jay! Cyanocorax(cyanomelas(

!CurlCcrested!Jay! Cyanocorax(cristatellus(

!SWALLOWS! HIRUNDINIDAE##

!BlackCcollared!Swallow! Pygochelidon(melanoleuca(

!WhiteCbanded!Swallow! Atticora(fasciata(

!Southern!RoughCwinged!Swallow! Stelgidopteryx(ruficollis(

!GrayCbreasted!Martin! Progne(chalybea(

!Southern!Martin! Progne(elegans(

!WhiteCwinged!Swallow! Tachycineta(albiventer(

!WhiteCrumped!Swallow! Tachycineta(leucorrhoa(

!WRENS! TROGLODYTIDAE##

!ThrushClike!Wren! Campylorhynchus(turdinus(

!ToothCbilled!Wren! Odontorchilus(cinereus(

!Moustached!Wren! Pheugopedius(genibarbis(

!BuffCbreasted!Wren! Cantorchilus(leucotis(

!FawnCbreasted!Wren! Cantorchilus(guarayanus(

!House!Wren! Troglodytes(aedon(

!GNATCATCHERS! POLIOPTILIDAE##

!LongCbilled!Gnatwren! Ramphocaenus(melanurus(

!Guianan!(Para)!Gnatcatcher! Polioptila(guianensis(paraensis(

!Masked!Gnatcatcher! Polioptila(dumicola(

!DONACOBIUS! DONACOBIIDAE##

!BlackCcapped!Donacobius! Donacobius(atricapilla(

!THRUSHES!AND!ALLIES! TURDIDAE##

!PaleCbreasted!Thrush! Turdus(leucomelas(

!Hauxwell's!Thrush! Turdus(hauxwelli(

!RufousCbellied!Thrush! Turdus(rufiventris(

!CreamyCbellied!Thrush! Turdus(amaurochalinus(

!MOCKINGBIRDS!AND!THRASHERS! MIMIDAE##

!ChalkCbrowed!Mockingbird! Mimus(saturninus(

!WAGTAILS!AND!PIPITS! MOTACILLIDAE##

!Yellowish!Pipit! Anthus(lutescens(

!NEW!WORLD!WARBLERS! PARULIDAE##

!Masked!Yellowthroat! Geothlypis(aequinoctialis(velata(

!GoldenCcrowned!(WhiteCbellied)!Warbler! Basileuterus(culicivorus(hypoleucus(

!Flavescent!Warbler! Myiothlypis(flaveola(

!TANAGERS!AND!ALLIES! THRAUPIDAE##

!RedCcrested!Cardinal! Paroaria(coronata(

!RedCcapped!Cardinal! Paroaria(gularis(

!YellowCbilled!Cardinal! Paroaria(capitata(

!BlackCfaced!Tanager! Schistochlamys(melanopis(

!WhiteCbanded!Tanager! Neothraupis(fasciata(

!RedCbilled!Pied!Tanager! Lamprospiza(melanoleuca(

!Hooded!Tanager! Nemosia(pileata(

!WhiteCrumped!Tanager! Cypsnagra(hirundinacea(

!GrayCheaded!Tanager! Eucometis(penicillata(

!FlameCcrested!Tanager! Tachyphonus(cristatus(

!WhiteCshouldered!Tanager! Tachyphonus(luctuosus(

!WhiteClined!Tanager! Tachyphonus(rufus(

!WhiteCwinged!ShrikeCTanager! Lanio(versicolor(

!SilverCbeaked!Tanager! Ramphocelus(carbo(

!BlueCgray!Tanager! Thraupis(episcopus(

!Sayaca!Tanager! Thraupis(sayaca(

!Palm!Tanager! Thraupis(palmarum(

!BurnishedCbuff!Tanager! Tangara(cayana(

!BlueCnecked!Tanager! Tangara(cyanicollis(

!Turquoise!Tanager! Tangara(mexicana(boliviana(

!Paradise!Tanager! Tangara(chilensis(

!OpalCrumped!Tanager! Tangara(velia(

!BayCheaded!Tanager! Tangara(gyrola(

!GreenCandCgold!Tanager! Tangara(schrankii(

!Swallow!Tanager! Tersina(viridis(

!BlackCfaced!Dacnis! Dacnis(lineata(

!YellowCbellied!Dacnis! Dacnis(flaviventer(

!Blue!Dacnis! Dacnis(cayana(

!ShortCbilled!Honeycreeper! Cyanerpes(nitidus(

!Purple!Honeycreeper! Cyanerpes(caeruleus(

!Green!Honeycreeper! Chlorophanes(spiza(

!YellowCbacked!Tanager! Hemithraupis(flavicollis(

!ChestnutCvented!Conebill! Conirostrum(speciosum(

!Saffron!Finch! Sicalis(flaveola(

!WedgeCtailed!GrassCFinch! Emberizoides(herbicola(

!BlueCblack!Grassquit! Volatinia(jacarina(

!Plumbeous!Seedeater! Sporophila(plumbea(

!RustyCcollared!Seedeater! Sporophila(collaris(

!DoubleCcollared!Seedeater! Sporophila(caerulescens(

!WhiteCbellied!Seedeater! Sporophila(leucoptera(

!TawnyCbellied!Seedeater! Sporophila(hypoxantha(

!ChestnutCbellied!SeedCFinch! Sporophila(angolensis(

!CoalCcrested!Finch! Charitospiza(eucosma(

!RedCcrested!Finch! Coryphospingus(cucullatus(

!Bananaquit! Coereba(flaveola(

!Grayish!Saltator! Saltator(coerulescens(

!BlackCthroated!Saltator! Saltator(atricollis(

!SlateCcolored!Grosbeak! Saltator(grossus(

!SPARROWS! EMBERIZIDAE##

!Pectoral!Sparrow! Arremon(taciturnus(

!SaffronCbilled!Sparrow! Arremon(flavirostris(

!Grassland!Sparrow! Ammodramus(humeralis(

!RufousCcollared!Sparrow! Zonotrichia(capensis(

!CARDINALS!AND!ALLIES! CARDINALIDAE##

!RedCcrowned!AntCTanager! Habia(rubica(

!RoseCbreasted!Chat! Granatellus(pelzelni(

!BlueCblack!Grosbeak! Cyanocompsa(cyanoides(

!TROUPIALS!AND!ALLIES! ICTERIDAE##

!WhiteCbrowed!Blackbird! Sturnella(superciliaris(

!Chopi!Blackbird! Gnorimopsar(chopi(

!ScarletCheaded!Blackbird! Amblyramphus(holosericeus(

!Unicolored!Blackbird! Agelasticus(cyanopus(

!BayCwinged!Cowbird! Agelaioides(badius(badius(

!Shiny!Cowbird! Molothrus(bonariensis(

!Giant!Cowbird! Molothrus(oryzivorus(

!Epaulet!Oriole! Icterus(cayanensis(cayanensis(

!Variable!Oriole! Icterus(pyrrhopterus(periporphyrus(

!OrangeCbacked!Troupial! Icterus(croconotus(

!Solitary!Black!Cacique!(Solitary!Cacique)! Cacicus(solitarius(

!YellowCrumped!Cacique! Cacicus(cela(

!Crested!Oropendola! Psarocolius(decumanus(

!Olive!(Amazonian)!Oropendola! Psarocolius(bifasciatus(

!SISKINS,!CROSSBILLS,!AND!ALLIES! FRINGILLIDAE##

!PurpleCthroated!Euphonia! Euphonia(chlorotica(

!ThickCbilled!Euphonia! Euphonia(laniirostris(

!GoldenCbellied!(WhiteClored)!Euphonia! Euphonia(chrysopasta(

!WhiteCvented!Euphonia! Euphonia(minuta(

!OrangeCbellied!Euphonia! Euphonia(xanthogaster(

!RufousCbellied!Euphonia! Euphonia(rufiventris(

!OLD!WORLD!SPARROWS! PASSERIDAE##

!House!Sparrow! Passer(domesticus(!Mammals!!Southern!Tamandua! Tamandua(tetradactyla(Tufted!Capuchin!(Brown!Capuchin)!! Cebus(apella(BlackCstriped!Capuchin!! Cebus(libidinosus(WhiteCnosed!Saki! Chiropotes(albinasus(RedChanded!Howler!! Alouatta(belzebul(Black!Howler!! Alouatta(caraya(WhiteCcheeked!Spider!Monkey! Ateles(marginatus(CrabCeating!Fox! Cerdocyon(thous(Ocelot! Leopardus(pardalis(Jaguar! Panthera(onca(Neotropical!River!Otter!! Lontra(longicaudis(Giant!Otter! Pteronura(brasiliensis(South!American!Coati! Nasua(nasua(Marsh!Deer! Blastocerus(dichotomus(Red!Brocket! Mazama(americana(Gray!Brocket! Mazama(gouazoubira(Capybara! Hydrochaeris(hydrochaeris(Azara's!Agouti! Dasyprocta(azarae(Wild!guinea!pig!sp.!(cavy)! Cavia(sp.(or(Galea(sp.(Brazilian!Rabbit! Sylvilagus(brasiliensis(!