Branches of Branches of ScienceScience

What is Science?What is Science?Science is the methods we use to investigate Science is the methods we use to investigate

the world and solve problems.the world and solve problems.

We use the process of science everyday.We use the process of science everyday.

When a toddler can’t tie his/her shoe. The When a toddler can’t tie his/her shoe. The problem is how can he/she tie his/her shoe? problem is how can he/she tie his/her shoe? He/She investigates by trying different ways He/She investigates by trying different ways

of tying the shoe. Then eventually the toddler of tying the shoe. Then eventually the toddler solves their problem by learning to tie the solves their problem by learning to tie the

shoe.shoe.

By definition the toddler has just used the By definition the toddler has just used the process of science.process of science.

Three Branches of Three Branches of ScienceScience

• Life Science

• Earth Science

• Physical Science

Life ScienceLife Science• The study of living

things is known as biology, or life science. People who study biology are known as biologist.

Careers in Life ScienceCareers in Life Science

• Botanist

• Marine Biologist

• Park Rangers

• Forestry Technician

• Health-Care Workers

Earth ScienceEarth Science

The Study of the EarthThe Study of the Earth

Earth Science is the study of the earth and the

universe around it.

– It is the oldest observable science and is based on the accumulated body of scientific knowledge that has been passed through time

The Major Studies of Earth ScienceThe Major Studies of Earth Science

Geology

Oceanography

Meteorology

Astronomy

Introduction to Earth ScienceIntroduction to Earth Science

• Geology- the study of the origin, history, and processes that created the structure of the earth

• Oceanography- the study of the earth’s ocean

• Meteorology- the study of the earth’s atmosphere

• Astronomy- the study of the universe

The Scope of Earth ScienceThe Scope of Earth Science1. Astronomy

– Astronomy is the study of objects beyond Earth’s atmosphere.

– Astronomers study the universe and everything in it, including Earth’s place in space, its neighbors, and other bodies in the universe.

The Scope of Earth ScienceThe Scope of Earth Science2.Meteorology

– Meteorology is the branch of Earth science that studies the air that surrounds our planet.

– Meteorologists study the forces and processes that cause the atmosphere to change to produce weather.

– They also try to predict the weather and how changes in weather might affect Earth’s climate.

The Scope of Earth ScienceThe Scope of Earth Science3.Geology

– Geology is the study of the materials that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials.

– Geologists identify rocks, study glacial movements, interpret clues to Earth’s 4.6 billion-year history, and determine how forces change our planet, among many other things.

The Scope of Earth ScienceThe Scope of Earth Science4.Oceanography

– Oceanography is the study of Earth’s oceans, which cover nearly three-fourths of the planet.

– Oceanographers study the creatures that inhabit salty water, measure different physical and chemical properties of the oceans, and observe various processes in these bodies of water.

Section AssessmentSection Assessment1. Match the following terms with their definitions.

___ geology

___ oceanography

___ meteorology

___ astronomy

A. the study of objects beyond Earth’s atmosphere

B. the study of the air that surrounds Earth

C. the study of the materials that make up Earth and the processes that form and change these materials

D. the study of Earth’s oceans

C

D

B

A

Physical SciencePhysical Science

Physical Science is the study of matter and how matter changes.

There are Two Main Areas of There are Two Main Areas of Physical SciencePhysical Science

Chemistry

&

Physics

Chemistry vs. PhysicsChemistry vs. Physics

• Chemistry is the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes.

• Chemistry studies composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter.

• Physics is the study of matter and energy and how they interact.

• Physics is concerned with the interaction between matter and energy through force and motion.

Section AssessmentSection Assessment1. Match the following terms with their definitions.

___ chemistry

___ physics

___ chemistry

___ physics

A. the study of the interaction between matter and energy through force and motion

B. the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes

C. the study of the composition, structure, property and reactions of matter

D. the study of matter and energy and how they interact

C

D

B

A