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Consequences of tau expression in the entorhinal cortex: Synaptic Propagation of tau and synaptic degeneration Brad Hyman MDPhD Mass General Hospital, Boston

Braak and Braak - University of Washington

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Page 1: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Consequences of tau expression in the entorhinal cortex: Synaptic Propagation of tau and synaptic 

degeneration

Brad Hyman MDPhDMass General Hospital, Boston

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Braak and Braak

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Hyman 1986

Tau P301L

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Generation of EC / perforantpathway transgenic line 

Neuropsin promoter tTAActivator transgeneNeuropsin promoter tTAActivator transgene

Yasuda and Mayford 2006

X

Page 5: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Reporter genes reveal exquisite anatomic specificity of neuropsin

promoter mice

dgdg

ECEC

Perf path terminals

dg

Page 6: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Generation of rTauP301L EC line 

tetO Tau P301LResponder transgene

tetO Tau P301LtetO Tau P301LResponder transgene

Neuropsin promoter tTAActivator transgeneNeuropsin promoter tTAActivator transgene

Yasuda and Mayford 2006

X

Santa Cruz et al 2005

Page 7: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

hTau ICC shows transgene in Entorhinal and perforant pathway terminal zone at 3 months of age

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12 mo 18 mo 24 mo

12 mo 18 mo 24 mo

Alz50 Iba1

A

B

C

Degeneration of the terminal zone of the perforant pathway

Microglial activation

HT7

PHF1

Page 9: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Human tau protein is present in cells with little or no human tau mRNAAs determined by double immunohistochemistry/in situfollowed by  laser capture microdissection and qPCR for human tau

Page 10: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

rTauEC mice:  Preliminary results of transgene suppression

18 months3 or 6 months with Dox

3 or 6 months without Dox

Page 11: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Propagation of tau pathology blocked by tau suppression

CA1

CA3

CA1

CA3GL GL

CA1

CA3GL

CA1

CA3

Alz50, 24 m

PHF1, 24 m

Gallyas, 24 m

 

GL

Alz50, 18 m

A B

0

100

200

300

400

500

18 21 24

dox from 18mdox from 21mno dox

Alz50‐po

sitiv

e ne

uron

s in 

DG granu

lar layer

C D

E

*

Propagation blocked to some extent by tau suppression

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Transgene suppression ameliorates neuronal loss as well

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Loss of perforant path terminals leads to synaptic dysfunction and plasticity 

response

Suppression of transgene leads to partial blockade of tau 

propagation and recovery of plasticity phenotype

Page 14: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Deafferentation: Synaptic loss specifically  in the perforant pathway terminal zone at 24 

months

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Hyman 1987

Reinnervation of the perforant pathway terminal zone in Alzheimer disease

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50 um

*

*

*

A

B

AChE staining reveals sprouting into the middle molecular layer

Recovery by transgenesuppression

Page 17: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Mechanisms of neurodegeneration: implications of the rTauEC line

1. Propagation of misfolded tau across neural systems, leading to propagation of inclusions across neural systems• Human and mouse tau co‐aggregate in these inclusions• Mechanism of propagation still uncertain – toxic species unknown

2. Suppression of tau transgene leads to a delay (or reversal?) in propagation phenotype

3. Neuronal loss appears to be a late phenomenon4. Synaptic loss, though modest, is sufficient to initiate a classic plasticity 

sprouting response5. We speculate that the propagation of tau, deafferentation, and altered 

plasticity lead to progressive neural system failure that in some ways is analogous to the progressive neuropathological changes in AD

Page 18: Braak and Braak - University of Washington

Massachusetts General Hospital

Alix DeCalignonManuela PolydoroTeresa Gomez‐Isla

Tara Spires

Support: AHAF, AFAR NIHAlzheimer Association

Acknowledgements

Karen AsheGeorge Carlson

N Sahara

Collaborators