Borosil Pharmaceutical Ahmedabad

8/3/2019 Borosil Pharmaceutical Ahmedabad

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/borosil-pharmaceutical-ahmedabad 1/82

Borosil Mansingh Survismeter: Green &Sustainable Technological breakthrough in

Pharmaceutical Industries Prof. Man Singh, Dean

School of Chemical SciencesCentral University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar

Email: [email protected]

Presentation on: Resource Saving Device

for pharmaceutical QC, formulation &Applications24 th Dec 2010 Hotel Pride, Ahmadabad

Singapore Patent: 126089 granted on 28 th Jul 2008



How come BMS an asset to Pha-ceutical science•Pha-ceutics/pharmacy opens all options to turn a new

chemical entity into medication•If is safe & effective

•It is a science of dosage form design

•Since many chemicals show pha-cological properties•But a raw chemical is of no use•Thus formulation of drug molecule into a dosage

form is required f or pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics,pharmacoepidemiology, pharmaceutical formulation &technology

Molecular interaction engineering, intermolecular activities &activation are foundation of pha.ceutical sciences



Physicochemical Indicators: PCI•Formulation needs stable & acceptable drug

•It has several substances apart from drug itself •So QC is must to ensure drug compatibility with them•Pre-formulation need PC & chemicomechanical study

of drug for choosing ingredients•E.g. Protein pre-formulation needs solubilizationunder stress: Freeze, temperature, shear stress for

degradation & formulation•For bioavailability & activity of drug

•PCI sense stability data like disintegration @



Why are PCI essential for drug QC•Drug is in association of inactive additives for

consistent drug dosage•E.g. tablet with uniform appearance, acceptable taste,hardness, disintegration be maintained

•Diluents, longer stability of formulations•loading ratio of active drug w.r.t. total contents is ahighly sensitive formulation

•Stability is essential but if it is not then invalidresults are obtained in clinical trials

•It is also impossible to administer actual dose

•Hence PCI infer structural changes in IMF, IMA



Drug stability for efficiency•Under temperature, humidity, oxidation, photolysis-

UV or visible lights is analyzed for degradation•Also to check unwanted interactions in preparation &

container•Test for plastic container stability is done to prevent

ingredients adsorption on it•Interaction with plasticizers, lubricants, pigments,

stabilizers leach out of plastic•Adhesives for container are ensured for not leaching

through plastic container into preparation/packing•Cohesive, frictional, friccohesity, van der Waals

forces are analyzed for QC



Molecular activities for drug efficiency•Drug substance must be soluble in aqueous medium

at a controlled @•Particle size affect dissolution• Fast dissolution is not ideal as slow dissolution @

•As it can prolong a duration of action & also avoidinitial high plasma level

•Study of active ingredient is must

•Spherical particle shape is advantageous for drugformulation

•Hence molecular activities do control QC

•Surface area along surface energy is analyzed



Frequent formulation tests need eco-friendly dev•Several molecular activity based data: Surface

tension, interfacial tension, wetting coefficient, surfacearea, particle size, viscosity & friccohesity act as most

authentic PCI for pharmaceutical applications•Their frequent individual measurement with usual

method for analytical tests• Need manifolds experimental resources,

infrastructural support, skilled manpower, time

utilization•It wastes huge chemicals & laboratory infrastructure

causing pollution on discharge

•Borosil offers a cutting edge & sustainable device



Fundamental concept: Electrostatics induce PCI

Cohesive force =

2204

1

pm

pm pm

w

ww pmwnimf

r

qq

r

qqF F F

> Adhesive force

Adhesive force > Surface tension

Non-wetting surfaces: Lotusleave, Teflon surface, glossysurface, Interacting

non-corrosive surface

Wetting surface: low qualitypaints, earth surface, metallic

surfaces-NSS, ordinary paper,

corrosive surface



Inventions Create Human Histories:R4M4 Tech: A step forwards

•PharmaceuticalworldR4

•Reduce•Reuse•Recycle

•Redesign

•Hilarious &Exciting forM4

•Multipurpose•Multidimensional• Multitasking

• Multitracking

Enables analysts, users, researchers,R & D, QC, formulation & new developments



Measures Fundamental PhysicochemicalQuality Control Indicators [PQCI]

1. Surface tension ( ±10-2

mN/m) or energy(±10 -2mJ/m 2)2. Interfacial tension IFT ( ±10 -2mN/m)

3. Wetting coefficient ( ±10 -10kg/Ns)4. Surface area ( ± 10 -2 m2 /mol)

5. Viscosity ( ± 10-4

mPa.s)6. Activation energy ( ± 10 -4 mJ/mol 2)7. Friccohesity ( ± 10 -6 s/m) Dual Force Theory8. Molecular interactin efficienc



Data Measuring Limits (DML)MV & HV models

1. Surface tension :10 to 200 ±10-2

mN/m2. IFT: 0.5 to desired ±10 -2mN/m3. Wetting coeff.: 0 to desired ±10 -10kg/Ns4. Surface area: 0 to desired ± 10 -2 m2 /mol5. Viscosity:(MV) model: 0 to 300 ± 10 -4 cP

(HV) model: 100 to 2000 ± 10 -4 cP6. Activation energy: Based on MV & HV data7. Hydrodynamic volume: Proteins, drugs8. Friccohesit



Conceptual & Working TheoryLoop Air Pressure Monitoring [LAPM]

Bypassing Liquid Potential Energy [BLPE]Gravitational & Non- G Operation [GO, NGO]

•On & Off Junctions [OOJ] & piston pump operate

•Survismeter 5 loops & 5 functional bulbs [FB]•FB holds sample at different potential energies•OOJ encloses loop to functionalize experiments

•Reservoir bulb [RB] pools up sample & bypasses toloops•Unequal pressure in loops & RB become operationalwhere P 0 & pressure gradient generated



Nomenclature & GenesisNatural science & pronunciation convenience

[Pagan Theory]: Hyphenated Tech

Sur: Derives from surface tension, interfacial tension,cohesive force, wetting coefficient

Vis: Viscosity, frictional forces, Newtonian & non-Newtonian liquids, solvent binding & carrying, shearstress

Meter: Quantity assessment for non-ideal analysisTheory : Potential Energy & Liquid DistributionEquilibrium [ PELDE ] in closed carburetor

Friccohesity [s m-1

] Frictional & Cohesive forces



Concept • ,

h h l d l l



Physicochemical data calculations.

0

0

0

n

n

000

t t

2

1

-

i )x-(x1

1 n

in

s

At h

t h

022

Surface tension

Interfacial

Tension

10012.0

000

n

n

t

B

t

t

HDL

HDL

LDL HDL HDL IFT

n

LDLinHDL

airin

n

Viscosity

Wetting coefficient

Friccohesity



Magneto Rheological Fluid: MRF•MRF is smart in carrier fluid like oil with intactedCBF (covalent bonding force)•Apparent viscosity increased with magnetic field to apoint of viscoelastic solid•Viscoelasticity materials (VEM) exhibit both viscous& elastic nature on deformation• Viscous, honey resists shear flow & strain linearlywith time on applying a stress•Elastic materials strain instantaneously on stretching& quickly return to original state on removing a stress•Elasticity is due to bond stretching in lattice



MRF could enhance efficiency of formulations • binding, breaking, assimilation, association, dissociation,

• adhesivity, movement, bond formation, electronic shift,Newtonian & non-Newtonian liquids,

• dispersion forces, intoxication, protein unfolding• Wetting-drug disintegration, dewetting, energy liberation,

entropy, curing, water effects• Oil/fat-water, mixing with surfactant mutual mixing, LLI-

IFT, salting out, (NH 4)2(SO 4) separate out protein• Surface activity, surface area (1/ Ѓ, m 2 /mol ), IFT, wetting

coefficient ( WC ), viscosity ( N s m -2), dipole moment range• Herbal anti-wrinkle creams, cosmetics, soaps, detergent,• inks, sol gels.



Boosts up major pharmaceutical applications•Extreme QC for medium to avoid recipe reaction with

fillers, coating, thin film forming material as PQCI

•No complex formation, optimization of bindingforces, dissolution, absorption of drugs

• For batch to batch QC, fillers ointmentsQSAR: quantitative structure-activity relationship

•Biological activity or chemical reactivity isquantitatively expressed as molecule conc. for certain

biological responsePCI/structures are noted as numbers/quantitative

structure-activity relationship for biological responseof chemical structures

l f f



Syrup routine volume formation for syrups Oil-water emulsion, colloids, lotions, Listerine,

Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, a value fixed inadvanced for syrups

Gels, sterilization

F & D : Formulation & developmentSolubilzation

Drug receptor interactionDrug protein interaction

Drug bindingSurface area



Potential gradient driven activities•Active ingredient activities due to activation energy,

particle hydration as it is least active•why do you feel thirsty just after salty food intake but

not water sweet items•QC of pha-ceutical expicient, wetting agents for drug,

micro emulsion, molecular force control•Surfactant as additives in pharmaceutical liquids,

emulsifier, rheological study of pharmaceuticalliquids, semisolids, pesticides,

•Poorly wettable drugs surfactant addition based onlaw of mass action: Le chatelier actions

• Potential radient driven action



Anti-wrinkle/nasolabial folds cream formulation•Unequal molecular force distribution (MFD) for

creating active, efficient drugs• Since MFD is not equal in suspension & forceinterface works as crack theory due to least CF

•Suspension are not stable & settled with time as twounequal forces vectors works together• Hence friccohesity is great phenomenon

•Anti-wrinkle/nasolabial folds creams unequal force•For scanning KCl aqueous gel solution with

conducting properties

•spreading capacity in cosmetics

Fl l



Flocculants•Viscosity control mechanical mixing & sedimentationof 0.1 µm particles in water with negative electrostatic

charge repel each other•Coagulants neutralize electrostatic charge &

particles collide & agglomerate together with Van derWaals's forces

•Larger & heavier particles are not flocs•Flocculants or flocculating or flocking agents do

flocculation in colloids & other suspended particles inliquids to aggregate forming a floc

•Surface are and particle size are determined withsurvismeter

A li i f fl l



Applications of flocculants•Flocculants purify water by sedimentation or filtering

smaller particles•Are used in swimming pool or drinking water to

remove turbid/cloud causing microscopic particles•Flocculants are multivalent cations: Al 3+, Fe3+, Ca 2+ &

attract x - particles & molecules•Reduce barriers to aggregation

• pH, temperature, salinity form insoluble hydroxidesprecipitating forming long chains or meshes•Long-chain polymer flocculants are polyacrylamides,a sold flocculant as good business supplied in dry or

li uid form in flocculation



Flocculants•Common liquid polyacrylamide is supplied as

emulsion with 10-40% active & rest a carrier fluid,surfactants & latex

•Emulsion polymers need activation to invert emulsion

& allow electrolyte groups to be exposed•Flocculants: alum, aluminum chlorohydrate,aluminum sulfate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide,

iron (II) sulfate, iron (III) chloride, polyacrylamide,sodium aluminate, sodium silicate



Spreadability analysis•Sunscreen creams, anti-sunburn skin-care preparation

must form continues thin film with higher spreadibility•Hence high quality biosufacatnst are addedIodine tincture with heating holding capacity

•Cold cream making continuous thin film with holdingmoisture so that skin does not crack

Moistening creams in summer

•Edible oil trans is cancerous (max 2.5%) & cis non-cancerous, different molecular structure with different

friccohesity

F i h ki i il l bi di i



Fermentation checking, similarly bioremediation

,

Fermentor

On going fermentation processfor checking production of

biosurfactants

Department of Biochemical

Engineering& BiotechnologyIIT-Delhi

Basically Survismeter is a dream project

Pistonpump

Pressureregulato

N h ti l d t f ti ti ff t



New pha-ceutical products formation: magnetic effect

Vitamin B1

Vitamin B6

High reversibility

Critical pointin alignment

Constant value

Solid behavior

Heterocity causes more shear in B1

Poly N vinyl pyrrolidone oximo L Valyl Siliconate



Poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone oximo-L-Valyl-SiliconateM. Singh, G. Vani, Bull Korean Chem Soc 31, 1869, 2010Excellent model

of molecular motions

Highly usefulfor acoustics, biosensorsstructural

protein unfolding

H

Atomictier structure

POVS

H

A i S i f T i & M i l



American Society for Testing & MaterialsIn ASTM standards = centipoise (cP)

1 p = 1 g cm -1s-1 =10 -3 kg 10 2 m -1s-1

1 p = 0.1 kg m -1s-1 = 0.1 Pascal1 cP=[(0.1)/100] Pa·s = 0.001 Pa.s,10 -3 = milli (m)

1 cP = 1 mPa·s = 0.001 Pa·swater =8.90 ×10 -4 Pa·s = 8.90 ×10 -3 dyn·s/cm 2 =

0.890 cP at 25 °Cwater at 20 °C = 1.0020 cP = 0.001002 kg/m s

blood 37 °C = 3 to 4 cP, almost 3 to 4 times of waterglycerol = 1490 cP, honey = 2,000-10,000 cP,castor oil 985 cP, corn syrup 1.3806 1380.6 cP

Blood higher than ater ?



Blood higher than water ?water = 0.8903 cP

Blood modulates tissue perfusion, C. Lenz et alHealth Care Industry

Blood reducing drugs: Pentoxifylline (Trental) &

oxypentifylline; physician prescribes•Anticoagulants: Warfarin (Coumadin), blood thinnersor clot inhibitors

•Calcium channel blockers: Diltiazem (Cardizem), totreat high blood pressure•Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors:

Enalapril (Vasotec), used to treat high blood pressure

MRF of Aqueous protein mixtures



MRF of Aqueous protein mixtures

Singh M, Bull J. Chem. Edu. 18,2009, 172

Why does eggon boil becomesbrittle: IMF

Not necessarily MRFon magnetic does



Synovial fluid-SF in synovial joints cavitiesSF is non-Newtonian flow

viscosity coefficient is not constant & fluid is notlinearly viscous

SF is thixotropic, viscosity decreases & fluid thins

over a period of continued stressNormal SF contains 3 to 4 mg/ml hyaluronan

hyaluronic acid

D-N-acetylglucosamine joined by alternating beta-1,4& beta-1,3 glycosidic bonds

Hyaluronan increase viscosity & elasticity of

cartilages & lubricate surfaces

MRF l l i & H b di



MRF: molecular energetics & stronger H bonding

Glycerol, sorbitaol, carboxymethyl cellulose bind water,hydrodynamic volume = ([η].M), infers gelationMetallic toxicity, detoxification, G=-[2.303nRTlog ( η / η0)]Molecular potentialities, biophysics, colloidal sciences,

G=-2.303nRTlog [ η], [η]=intrinsic viscosity

Emulsions & rheology of biomacromelcules, activationenergy (E*)log( η)=log A-(E*/R)1/T, slope= E*/R, R=8.314 J mol -1k -1 Entropic driven dents for resolving cholesterol depositionk stability constant: G=-2.303nRTlog ( η / η0)log k = G/(2.303nRT), antilog gives k valueEntropy S=( G/ η), H (enthalpy change) = G+T S

Food Rheology: FR



Food Rheology: FR•FR is useful in food processing for QC/QA due toconsistency in flow, (IMF) = 0, NI

•Consistency & degree of fluidity infer storingduration, stability & texture•For unadulterated & fresh food & arereproducible at desired interval of time• Consumer acceptability depends on textures:•Like how spreadable & creamy a food product is•Thickeners-starch, gel, proteins in aqueous increase without modifying taste•Increase stability & maintain suspension of addedin redients

Food thickeners FT



Food thickeners FTFT are polysaccharides: Starches, vegetable gums,

pectin & proteinsFlavorless starch: Arrowroot, cornstarch, katakuri

starch, potato starch, sago, tapiocaVegetable gums: Alginin, guar gum, locust bean gum,

xanthan gumProteins: Collagen, egg whites, furcellaran, gelatin

Sugars: Agar & carrageenanSodium pyrophosphate acts on casein in milk in

preparation of instant pudding & are

functional flours

Functional flour



Functional flourFunctional flour are produced from cereals: wheat,

maize, ricewith specific heat treatment increase stability,

consistency,Acidic pH, sterilization, freeze conditions, help

industries to formulate fresh food for final consumerThickening agents like gelling are additives in

cosmetics as personal hygiene productsAre used to thicken & stabilize liquid solutions,

emulsions, & suspensionsFT are polysaccharides (starches, vegetable gums,

ectin roteins

Micelles Softanol 90 polyoxyethylene alkyl ether



Micelles, Softanol 90, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether,C12-14, m+n=11

2830323436384042444648505254565860626466

687072

0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005

% conc.

s u r f a c e

t e n s i o n ,

m N /

Aq-Bovine serum albumin

Aq-Softanol 90

CH 3-(CH 2)m-CH-(CH 2)n-CH 3

O-(CH2-CH2O)xH

Nonionic surfactants, emulsifierdefoaming agent, spreader, detergents, uses-textile, agriculture, pulp & paper, etc.scouring agent, emulsion polymerization,dispersant,

Surfactants & dendrimeres for MRF



Surfactants & dendrimeres for MRFSurfactant: A lky chain (hydrophobic) & functionalgroup (hydrophilic) Anionic, Cationic, Nonionic:Industrial inputs *

DodecylbenzensulfonicacidDBSA anionic

TetramethylammonuimhydroxideTMAH Cationic

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC),glycerol ( longer

flower life ),

polyoxyethylen,butanol, pentanol

nonionicMonitoring of molecular surfaces

Studies are required for comparativeagglomeration

Molecular radii: r A 0(10 -10nm)



Molecular radii: r A 0(10 10nm)• (η / η0)=2.5 φ , φ volume fraction, Einstein eqn• η in 1 Poise =1 g cm -1s-1, p & Pascal-sec: P=0.1kg m -1s-1= 1

Pa·s, 1 cP (centi p)= 0.001 Pa·s = 1 mPa·s• φ = (4/3) r3Nc, N=6.022x10 23 is Avogadro number, c is

recipe concentration

• Entanglement of herbal molecule HV=[ η]M

φ

c, mol/L

Molecular binding

Ideal or inviscid liquidMolecular fragmentation

Binding influenceactivities of molecules likeimpurities changepropertiesQuality of herbal formulations must have critical compositionsfor maximum otential

PVP-Oxime interaction mechanism self H-Bonding



PVP-Oxime interaction mechanism, self H-Bonding

H2C CH2

H2C

N

(CH CH2)n

N O H

CH2H2C

CH2

N

(CH

NOH

CH2H2C

CH2

N

NOH

H2C CH

2

H2C

N

(CH CH2)n

N O H

CH2)n

(CH CH2)n

hydrogenbonding

H 2 C CH 2

H 2 C C

N

(CH CH 2 )n

O

Industrial Applications



Industrial Applications•Molionic (molecular & ionic) like blood, serum,biofluids, glucose water, electoral, herbal mixture,medicines Chavanprash•Molecular mixtures : Glucose-water, amino acid-water, protein-water, benzene-acetone

•Ionic mixtures : NaCl-water, NH 4Cl-water, salts-water•Zwitterionic mixtures : Amino acids,•Industrial solvents: Tetrachloroethylene in drycleaning & toluene, turpentine in paint thinners• Stabilizers butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT),carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), tooth paste, digitalinks blends

0* bulk > 0* sur activation energies



2 > 2 activation energies.

-120

-112

-104

-96

-88

-80

-72

-64

-56

-48

-40

-32

-11000

-10700

-10400-10100

-9800

-9500

-9200

-8900

-8600

-8300

Activation energyin surfacereorinetation onLHS Y-axixActivation energiesin bulk reorientation onRHS Y-axix

20* bulk > 2

0* sur

Dendrimers dialkylmalonate esters bifurcations



Dendrimers, dialkylmalonate esters bifurcations,binding & transporting capacities for anticancerdrugs

•High potential, surface area, wider intersticesSurround cancerous cells, toxic metals, optimize freeradicals, unfold protein, interact with weakly activech les er l

Maximumstretching

Drug binders MRF

http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nisenet.org/publicbeta/articles/nanomedicine/images/dendrimer-sm.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.nisenet.org/publicbeta/articles/nanomedicine/index.html&usg=__Jn4hEdradKmZ77x-ZDGTrHI9jpw=&h=230&w=230&sz=27&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=fHH_QT_PmcokNM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=108&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddendrimer%2Bstructure%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den



Drug binders MRFstarch

dextrose

D-fructose

Magnetic dose



Magnetic dose

C i i l T C i (CTC)



Critical Tn Concentration (CTC)

Variation differs than MRF

Magnetic dose



Magnetic dose

Biocompatible surfactants, EDTA anionic surfactant



p ,

0.580

0.585

0.590

0.595

0.600

0.605

0.610

0.615

0.620

0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

mol/kg

v i s c o s i t i e s , N

s / m s q u a r e

Aq-EDTAAq-Borax

Aq-Ninhydrinfrictional force with ninhydrin is weaker, sprayswith no clump & lower conc. has weaker forces,higher EDTA conc. form clumps

borax shows reverse action

Disodium ethylene – diamine – tetra – acetateChelation Therapy

C10H10CaN 2Na 2O8calcium disodium preventscalcium depleting in body

Anti-smart fluid

Anti-MRF

SEM pepsin micrograph without electromagnetic dose



SEM pepsin micrograph without electromagnetic dose

SEM pepsin at e ectromagnetic ose o 2. Ampere &63 G



p p g . p63 Gauss

• ,

Pepsin with 0.005g% FeCl 3 at similar electromagnetic dose

FF are nanoparticles, suspended by Brownian motion& not settle under normal conditions

Surface area (1/ cm 2/mol) doses effects on 0 05 g%



Surface area (1/ , cm /mol), doses effects on 0.05 g%pepsin at 1.0, 1.8, 2.1, 2.5 Amp at 22, 35, 47, 63 Gauss

with time interval (h, sec), respectively

-7787

-6770

-6252

-5809

-8200

-7700

-7200

-6700

-6200

-570020 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Gauss

S u r f a c e a r e a

ST ( ) = - 2.303 RT τ log c(τ) surface excess conc. 1/ τ is surface area

R = 8.314 J/mol/K, T= 294.15 K,Surface area,cm 2 /mol, m 2 /mol

=26.084 - 0.5388G + 0.0026G 2 (Standard Equation)

Neem Azadirachta indica oil-dewetting with



Neem Azadirachta indica oil dewetting withcetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)

CPC in mouthwashes, toothpastes(sodium fluoride-NaF & sodiummonofluorophosphate-Na 2PO 3F)antiseptic

Only oil CPC =

0.0005%

0.001%

0.0015% CPC

Disruption of intermolecular

MRF: Antioxidant/pro-oxidant: Structural change



MRF: Antioxidant/pro oxidant: Structural change• Molecular weight of extracted macromolecule-Mark Houwink

Sakurada Equation, Log [ η] =log k+ a log M

• Highly useful for free radicals (HOCl,.

O2-

(superoxide),.

OH)• 2 Fe 3++ H +(ascorbate) → 2 Fe2++ dehydroascorbate – 2 Fe 2++ 2 H 2O2→ 2 Fe3++ 2 OH · + 2 OH -

• Biosurfactant on broth fermentation, yeast forms few

biosurfactant that influence process, intermittent study

DehydroacorbateAscorbateAcid ion

MRF: Antinutrients metal chelating from herbal food



MRF: Antinutrients, metal chelating from herbal food• Phytic acid [PA] is in hulls of nuts, seeds, grains but

cooking food slightly reduces PA, sprouted food with skinis good

• PA is a chelator of minerals Ca 2+,Mg 2+, Fe3+, Zn 2+ & causesmineral deficiencies in people lead to osteoporosis

IMF drasticchangeWith muchstructuralinteractionsFrictional,cohesive,adhesiveforcesinteresting

Osteoporosisa bone diseaseaccessible toincreased risk

of fractureSo bonemineraldensity(BMD)

Talk on Survismeter, Govt. V.Y.T.PG. Auto College



a o Su v s ete , Govt. V. . . G. uto Co egeDurg Chhattisgarh 26 th Feb 2010 Prof. Man Singhdemo

,



,,

Paints & Pigmen

Polymers

Foods

Inks

Bisleries

Supercritical solvenTextile

Beverages

Pesticides

Soap & Detergent

Cosmetics

Fuel &PetroleumThe experimenter isensuring perfect samplepreparation for surfacetension, interfacialtension, wettingcoefficient, viscosity &friccohesity with

Survismeter

Solvents pharmaceuticals



Solvents pharmaceuticals•Material’s exponentially revolutionized- polymers,cosmetics, inkjet, inks, printing, lotions, mist spray,fumigation, pesticides, insecticides, petroleum & oils,soaps, detergents, syrups, sol-gels, solvents, fuels,textile spinning, paper technology, drugs, baby food,VOCs, cancerous VOCs, polychlorinated biphenyls-PCB, area•On going processes- Fermentation, Polymerization,Reaction kinetics, protein unfolding, disintegration etc•Surface tension, IFT, viscosities are frequentlymeasured for Quality Control & Formulation

Wider industrial applications



Wider industrial applications•Nail polish, tattoos, deodorants, scents, fragrant,volatile flavor, coating, polishing [release VOC,thinners-ethers acetone, hexane ethanol, benzene,shiners, CCl 4]•Emerging fields of printing, calendaring, drycleaning, textile, cleaning-drying, households, interiordecorations, floriculture, fumigation, sprayants•These highly specified applications with highest QC& Chemical Formulation•Their surface application need highly controlledFriccohesity for better efficiency & durability

Hospital cleaning Valued Added Product



Hospital cleaning Valued Added Product•Attached with Laundry-Machines for checking

washing efficiency of detergents at spot withdifferent water quality

•Low surface tension takes less water & time in

washing clothes, consumes less electricity•Attached as useful product with kitchen to ensure

ST for saving water and detergent too

•Similarly with dry-cleaning mixtures•Also spray paint mixtures, floor washing

detergents, Toiletries etc

Chromatographic separation



Chromatographic separationSeparation column



Friccohesi ty vs g % of resins

0.01180

0.01230

0.01280

0.01330

0.01380

0.01430

0.01480

0.01530

0.01580

0.0005 0.0025 0.0045 0.0065 0.0085 0.0105

g % of resins

F r i c c o h e s i

t y , s / m

R1(0.5:16:1)

R2(1:16:1)

R3(0.5:10:1)

high resolution dueforce coefficienthighresolutiondue forcecoefficient

Distinguishesmass ratios



Viscosity vs g% of resins

0.823

0.853

0.883

0.913

0.943

0.973

1.0031.033

1.063

1.093

0.0008 0.0028 0.0048 0.0068 0.0088 0.0108

g % of resins

V i s c o s i t y , 0 . 1 k g / m

s e c

0.5 M : 16 F : 1 PVP1 M : 16 F : 1 PVP0.5 M : 10 F : 1 PVP

Does not distinguishes

mass ratios



,Breakage & fabrication cost 80%Lab infrastructural expenditure 95%Glass, blowing gases, O 2, LPG, manpower 97%

Prevent heat emission to environment 95%

Transport, maintenance, operation 95%Chemicals & solvents 98%Promote green chemistry & technology

Inspires youngsters to learn scienceUsers time, water, cleaning reagents 98%Experimental human efforts 98%Electricit [oven, exhaust fan, tube li ht etc] 98%

Philosophy of Survismeter



p y•Value Scientific Dreams for new frontiers•Modernize, reorient & fascinate science• User friendly•Hazards free

•Environmental friendly•Affordable & simple science•Prevent washing reagents-chromic acid, sulfuric acid

H2SO 4 as polluting effluents•Efficient & attractive•Generate newer analytical tool like Friccohesity for

Surfactants, molecular efficiencies in applications





Singapore Govt. IPR



Air filter for SOx, COx, NOx, HCl, H 2O, VOCs, COCs,



polychlorinated biphenyls, SPM

Biofluids,biomoleculeseven nitrogenEnvironment is

allowed

Radon in airSo filter device is mustsuspended carbon matriculates

Acid, alkalimoistened air,as acid rain, Sofilter device ismust

Singh M. Bulg. J. Chem.

Edu. 18, 2009, 172



Filter for highquality air,

free of SPM,Co x,No x, SO x

Piston pump-silicon tube for

UO for pressuregradient, to liftsample up fromreservoir bulbCPU-control

pressure unit

I F T c a p

i l l a r y

Used in beverage industries for QC



g Q• Improve Stability & Shelf life using

biocompatible biopolymers• Xanthan• Bean

• gum• Pectin• Starch

• Cellulose gel• Critical tn Concentration (CTC)

Significantly indispensable from ink



g y pindustries

Gum (pectin rich): A suspension agent of ink to solublize insoluble pigmentsCopper sulphate: As coloring agent for ink

Red wine: A continuous medium Tannin

The Survismeter decides their chemical ratios

using ‘tn’ factor’ The tn incorporates all operational forces in the

mixtures to get most stable ink

Density decreasing additives of



y gbiocolloids & cosmetics

•Surface tension, interfacial tension , viscosity,wetting coefficient illustrate QC & ChemicalFormulation &

•Spreading & continuous film forming nature•Starch: binding properties•Proteins: suspension

•Butylene Glycol: stabilization•Cellulose acetate phthalate CAP: binding•Cellulose acetate butylate CAB : binding

Indispensable from detergent industries for



p gQC & CF

Few additives for QC/CF•Sodium tallowate - foaming agent•Cocamido propyl betaine - foaming agent

•Sodium hydroxide•Cellulose- whitener

Few additives in soap industry

•Glycerol•Sodium hydroxide•Foaming agent•Whitener

In cosmetic industry for QC & CF



In cosmetic industry for QC & CFFew additives

• Glycerol• Wax

• Butylene Glycol• Cetyl alcohol - emulsion

stabilizer; viscosity increasingagent

Surface tensiometer, US Patent 4416148

Low surface tension kids science

http://i.ehow.com/images/a05/e6/9s/foam-soap-vs_-liquid-soap-800X800.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Girl_blowing_bubbles.jpg



,

agent, used in consumer products toothpaste to prevent gingivitis

no extra benefit to health in other consumer products

TriclosanAntibacterial& antifungal

Polarization induces dispersion/mutual mixing

http://i.ehow.com/images/a05/e6/9s/foam-soap-vs_-liquid-soap-800X800.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Soapbubbles-SteveEF.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Girl_blowing_bubbles.jpg



Electrostatic charges disperse as

6

4

3R

I I

I I E

B A

B A B A

ABdisp

HCs-water IFT %

Air-water 72 0Pentane-water 48 33Hexane-water 47 35

Heptane-water 60 17

= polarizability of A, B & I = ionization

M. Singh & H. Matsuoka, 2008, SRL,16,599, 2009

Parameters densities of critical solutions



.

B/t = 10 -7 & 0.0012(1- ) = 10 -6, hence

soln = 0+A’ +B’ 2

tnnt

00

0

ref liquid = 0’+ A 0 + B 02

t & n measured with survismeter foref liquid whose data are knownput in eqn 2 for data for fewtemperatures

Constants A & B are put in eqn 4

Eqn 1

Eqn 2

Eqn 3

Eqn 4, are used for &

Surface protection in daily use



•On glazed paper-no sticking, ink-optimum friction• Baby food-sticking in trachea, Friccohesity control

•Lungs fluid ST 15-25 mN/m•Oil carburetor friction, Karl Benz (1885), initiatedcarburetor for fuel distributionIt works on friccohesity avoiding friction fire Apple, banana, guava become brownish on cutting

their Fe n+ reacts as 4Fe+3O2

= 2Fe2O

3

•Natural surface protection from O 2, H2O•Metallic surface coating, anti-rusting coats

Blood viscosity 7x higher than water1



water vis = 0.8903 g cm -1s-1 = N m -2s, 1 P = 1 g cm −1 s−1, 1 p = 0.1 Pa.s, 1 cP = 1 mPa.s = 0.001 Pa.s

Blood viscosity modulates tissue perfusion: C. LENZ, A.REBEL, K.F. WASCHKE, R.C. KOEHLER, & T.

FRIETSCH *

Health Care IndustryBlood-viscosity reducing drugs: Pentoxifylline (Trental) &

oxypentifylline; physician prescribes•Anticoagulants: Warfarin (Coumadin), blood thinners or clot inhibitors

•Calcium channel blockers: Diltiazem (Cardizem), to treat high bloodpressure•Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: Enalapril (Vasotec),used to treat high blood pressure

Philosophy of Survismeter



•Value Scientific Dreams for new frontiers•Modernize, reorient & fascinate science• User friendly•Hazards free

•Environmental friendly•Affordable & simple science•Prevent washing reagents-chromic acid, sulfuric acid

H2SO 4 as polluting effluents•Efficient & attractive•Generate newer analytical tool like Friccohesity for

Surfactants, molecular efficiencies in applications

Biocompatible surfactants of routine use



293031323334353637383940414243

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08

mol/kg

s u r f a c e

t e n s i o n , m

N / m

Aq-EDTA

Aq-BoraxAq-Ninhydrin

O

O

O

indan-1,2,3-trione

O

O

H2OOH

OH

Ninhydrin

Na 2B4O710H 2O[Na 4B5(OH)]2-

Eyes washing

LLI Interaction distinguishing model of food salts



3.04 3.03

2.77

4.05

4.88

5.33

2.702.913.123.33

3.543.763.974.184.394.604.815.02

5.235.44

I F T , m

N / m

IFT, mN/m, ammonium with isobutanol

IFT, mN/m, Sodium acetates with IB

Na cation with no H bonding with -OH of isobutanol with no mutual mixinammonium cation with 4 H atoms causes H bonding with -OH of IB withmutual mixing

+NH 4

Na + ------- H 2O----HO-IB

Documents

Borosil Pharmaceutical Ahmedabad