Upload
jhalvorson07
View
75
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Booth and Rowntree:In what ways did Booth and Rowntree
increase pressure for welfare reform through compiling reports into poverty?
What caused
attitudes to change?
National Efficiency
National Security
‘New’ Liberalism
Pressure from
reports on poverty
Political Pragmatis
m
Poverty How would you define poverty? What standard of living would you
describe as being below the poverty line?
How much do you think you would need to cover your basic costs each month?› Food? Rent?› Clothes?› Fuel?
Charles Booth Born into a wealthy ship-
owning family in Liverpool 1886-1903 he investigated
living conditions, income and spending of 4000 people in London
Found over 30% of Londoners were living below the ‘poverty line’
Divided poor into 4 groups Worked out that poverty was
caused by problems related to unemployment and low wages, not due to the poor themselves
Seebohm Rowntree
Born into the sweet-makers Rowntree, a Quaker family
Interested in Booth’s findings and wondered if they would be confirmed in York
He investigated and found about 28% people in York living below the poverty line
Divided poverty into two categories – Primary poverty, Secondary poverty
Wrote a book – ‘Poverty: a study of Town Life’
Seebohm Rowntree produced this graph to illustrate the ages at which an individual might be above or below the “Primary poverty line”.
Mark the following points on the graph where you think Rowntree originally marked them himself:a. Marriesb. Children begin to earnc. Children marry and leave homed. Labourer too old to work
From this, what appear to be the 5 main causes of poverty?
5%
10%
5%
22%52%
6%Unemployment / Underemployment
Death of Wage earner
Illness or old age of wage earner
Low wages
Large family
Other
Questions
1. How did Booth define the poor? 2. Can you identify any problems with Booth’s report? 3. What did Booth view as the main causes of poverty?
How was this different to previous attitudes. 4. Explain why Poorhouses were shown to be inadequate
following Booths report. 5. Describe in your own words Rowntree’s definition of
poverty. 6. What do you think the impact of these reports would
have been on: › A) the public B) the government