BOOKLET INGLES AÑO: 3ra 11ava DOCENTE: BERG, EDGARDO ...piamdq.weebly.com/uploads/2/7/7/7/2777479/2019... · Profesor Edgardo S Berg Material: INGLES Curso 3ro 11va 4 8. You _____

Profesor Edgardo S Berg Material: INGLES Curso 3ro 11va

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BOOKLET INGLES

AÑO: 3ra 11ava

DOCENTE: BERG, EDGARDO

Booklet 2

AÑO. 2019

UNIT 2

⮚ Have to / don´t have to / could / might / must

⮚ Would like

⮚ Zero conditional

⮚ First conditional


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Have To and Don't Have To - Use

● We use have to to talk about strong obligation that comes from somewhere else,

for example from your boss, you parents, a rule at school or work.

Examples:

1. I have to be home by ten. (My parents told me so.)

2. I must be home by ten. I have a very difficult day tomorrow. (It is my own decision.)

3. I have to get up early, because I start work at 8. (It is a rule.)

4. I should get up early. (Now I stay in bed until lunchtime.)

● Don't have to means that there isn't any obligation at all,

there is no need to do it.

Don't have to is different from shouldn't and mustn't.

Examples:

1. I don't have to get up early at weekend.

(I can stay in bed as long as I want.)

2. You mustn't tell lies. (It is very bad to tell lies.)

3. You don't have to go with me.

(You can go with me if you want to.)

4.You shouldn't smoke. (It is bad for your health.)

● In spoken British English you can also use have got to and haven't got to.

Examples:

Pamela is a waitress. She's got to work at weekends.

Have I got to do it right now?

I haven't got to take my sister to school, my parents do it.

Gramática en inglés. Have to / don’t have to

Have to / don’t have to A veces en la vida hay obligaciones o reglas. Hay cosas para las que no tenemos opción, como llevar uniforme en el colegio. Para estas reglas usamos have to. Su forma negativa, Don’t have to es usado para cuando no hay obligacion en algo. Positivo Usamos ‘ have to ‘ para hablar sobre cosas que debemos hacer , cosas que estamos obligados a hacer.

Subject have to / has to base form of verb

I You We They have to

wear an uniform. work every day. help my mother .

He She has to

Negativo Usamos ‘ don’t have to’ para hablar sobre cosas de las que tenemos eleccion para hacerlas, pero no estamos obligados .


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Subject don’t / doesn’t have to base form of verb

I You We They don’t have to

wear an uniform. get up early on weekends. help my mother!

He She doesn’t have to

Los verbos modales: expresar la probabilidad (must, can, may, might) Autor: Alexandra Vraciu | 15 comentarios

Algunos verbos modales como must, can, could, may o might se utilizan para expresar un juicio sobre la probabilidad de que una situación en concreto ocurra o no. Fijaros en la siguiente conversación: Jane: What are you going to wear at the party, Laura?

Laura: I don’t know. I may wear my black dress. Or I might wear my jeans and a T-shirt. I could also wear my green skirt and a turtleneck sweater. It’s so difficult to decide! May y might se utilizan para decir que algo puede pasar en el presente o en el futuro. Might es un poco menos seguro que may, es decir que el locutor tiene poca información y que se trata de una especulación. Could expresa una posibilidad más “teorica” o permanente de que algo pase. Forma negativa: May not y might not (mightn’t) tienen un significado completamente diferente de could not(couldn’t). I may not / might not come to the party. (Es posibile que no venga a la fiesta)

May not / might not significan que es posible que algo negativo pase. I’m so tired I couldn’t stay awake until the end. (Estoy tan cansado que me seria imposible quedarme despierto hasta el final)

Couldn’t significa que es imposible que algo pase. Cuando estamos seguros de nuestras afirmaciones, el verbo modal que expresa la certeza es must: He isn’t here today. He must be ill. (Debe estar enfermo)

Forma negativa: En un juicio sobre la probabilidad, la forma negativa de must es can’t – es imposibile que algo ocurra: He can’t be ill. I saw him this morning jogging in the park. (No puede estar enfermo)

Have To and Don't Have To - Practice

Exercise. Chose have to / has to or don't have to / doesn't have to.

1. Every man _____________ do military service in my country. It's obligatory.

2. When do we __________________ pay for the next term?

3. Policemen ________________ wear a uniform.

4. A pilot _________________ train for many years.

5. Does Susan _____________ work long hours?

6. I ______________ get up early on Sundays. I can stay in bed.

7. You __________________ have a visa to come to Ukraine.

http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/verbos-modales-probabilidad-must-can-may-might/#comments


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8. You _______________ to do it if you don't want to.

9. My daughter __________________ to cook, because I cook for the whole family.

Completa las frases con must, can't o might.

A: I'm going to climb the Himalaya next summer.

B: But you are seventy years old! You be serious. You be mad.

A: It be wonderful to be up there and have the entire world at your feet. It would be a dream come true.

B: But you have an accident or get killed. I don't think it's wise to take the risk.

A: Young man, your life be much fun if you never take risks. You should do it from time to time.

You enjoy it!

B: Enjoy it! You be joking. You never come back from this adventure.


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"Would Like"

⮚ "Would like" is a polite way to say "I want" in English.

For example:

"I want to buy a ticket" is impolite because "I want" sounds selfish and arrogant.

"I would like to buy a ticket please" is polite and friendly.

Grammar rules for would like:

⮚ "I would like" is followed by an infinitive verb or a noun.

"I would like to book a double room for Saturday." (infinitive verb "to book".)

"I would like a single room for Saturday." (noun "a single room".)

⮚ Because "would" is a modal verb, it doesn't change for he / she "third-person singular".

I would like

You would like

He / she would like

We would like

They would like

⮚ There is no "s" on he / she / it.

⮚ You can abbreviate the "would" to 'd:

I'd like…, You'd like…, He'd like…, She'd like…,We'd like…, They'd like…

⮚ Don't abbreviate from "would" to "'d" in the question or negative forms.

"I wouldn't like" (not "I'dn't like".)

⮚ To form the negative, add "not" or the abbreviation "n't" to "would":

I would not like / I wouldn't like

You would not like / You wouldn't like

He / she would not like / He wouldn't like

We would not like / We wouldn't like

They would not like / They wouldn't like

⮚ To form the question, change the subject-verb word order to verb-subject:

Would I like...?, Would you like ...?, Would he / she like ...?, Would we like ...?, Would they like ...?

⮚ The short reply is

Yes, I / you / he / she / we /they would.


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No, I / you / he / she / we / they wouldn't.

Diferencia entre “would like” y “like” Autor: Alexandra Vraciu | 20 comentarios

Would like y like se confunden fácilmente ya que comparten una cierta similitud formal – se trata del presente y del condicional del mismo verbo (to like) . Sin embargo, entre las formas verbales would likey like existe una diferencia tanto de significado como de uso que os explicaré en la lección de hoy. 1. Características formales de would like y like: El verbo like es una forma verbal presente, por lo tanto tiene las características formales que vimos en la lección sobre Present Simple: I like reading. //He likes reading.

Do you like reading? No, I don’t like reading. //Does he like reading? No, He doesn’t like reading.

Would like es la forma de condicional del verbo “to like” y está constituída por el auxiliar would y el infinitivo corto del verbo. Se trata de una forma verbal invariable para todos los sujetos: I would like to become a teacher. // He would like to become a teacher.

Existe también una forma contraída ‘d like: I’d like to become a teacher. // He’d like to become a teacher.

Las interrogaciones con would like se construyen por inversión del auxiliar y del sujeto, mientras que la negación se obtiene añadiendo not al auxiliar: Would you like to become a teacher? // Would he like to become a teacher?

No, I would not (wouldn’t) like to become a teacher. // No, He would not (wouldn’t) like to become a teacher.

2. Significado de would like y like El verbo like se traduce en castellano por “gustar”. Se utiliza para hablar de actividades que hacemos con regularidad y que disfrutamos haciendo: I like walking in the park. // He likes travelling.

El verbo would like se traduce en castellano por “(me/te/le/nos/os/les) gustaría”. También puede ser una manera más formal de decir “want”: I would like a kilo of apples, please.

También se utiliza para hablar de planes o de situaciones imaginarias, que no existen en la actualidad:

I would like to travel around the world.

I would like to study English next year.

3. Uso de would like y like La principal diferencia entre estas dos formas verbales consiste en que like está acompañado por un gerundio, mientras que would like está siempre acompañado por un infinitivo: I like getting up early in the morning. I would like to get up early tomorrow so I can see the sunrise. Observación: El verbo like también puede ir acompañado por un infinitivo, sin que eso afecte a su significado: I like to walk in the park at the weekend.

Would like Exercises: Choose the correct answer.

http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/diferencia-would-like-like/#comments

http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/formas-del-presente-present-simple/


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1. I __ buy a ticket.

a. want buy b. would like c. would like to

2. He would __ book a double room.

a. a b. like to c. to

3. __ to reserve a table?

a. Would you b. Would you like c. You would

4. She __ like a bigger house.

a. not b. would c. woulds

5. I'd __ order a taxi.

a. like b. like to c. to

6. You __ like that film.

a. 'dn't b. 'd not to c. wouldn't

7. __ to order dessert?

a. Would you b. Would you like c. You like

8. Yes, I __

a. like b. would c. would like

9. __ he like a book for his birthday?

a. - b. Does c. Would

10. No, he __

a. doesn't b. not c. wouldn't

Completa las frases con would like o like en la forma correcta (afirmativa, negativa o interrogativa).

1. you to learn Japanese?

2. He (not) reading poetry.

3. She playing tennis at the weekends.

4. They to buy a house with a garden.

5. He to (not) lose his job.

6. you going shopping for clothes?

7. you to take part in a marathon?

8. I watching TV in the evenings.


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9. What you to do when you retire?

10. What you doing on holiday?


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The First Conditional

The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in the other clause:

if + present simple, ... will + infinitive

It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.

If it rains, I won't go to the park.

If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.

If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.

She'll be late if the train is delayed.

She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.

If I see her, I'll tell her.

First vs. Zero Conditional:

The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas the zero conditional describes what happens in general. For example (zero conditional): if you sit in the sun, you get burned (here I'm talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the burning is a natural consequence of the sitting) But (first conditional): if you sit in the sun, you'll get burned (here I'm talking about what will happen today, another day might be different)

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple.html

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/simple-future.html

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/zero-conditional.html


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BOOKLET INGLES AÑO: 3ra 11ava DOCENTE: BERG, EDGARDO ...piamdq.weebly.com/uploads/2/7/7/7/2777479/2019... · Profesor Edgardo S Berg Material: INGLES Curso 3ro 11va 4 8. You _____