Bone Health and the Environment Bone Functions Calcium
HomeostasisCalcium Homeostasis Calcium bank Skeletal
IntegritySkeletal Integrity Muscle Nerve endocrine The Scientific
Basis of Orthopaedics, Albright, James; Brand, Richard Calcium
Hydroxyapatite The Scientific Basis of Orthopaedics, Albright, J;
Brand, R. Hydroxyapatite: a-axis projection of the crystal
structure. The Scientific Basis of Orthopaedics, Albright, J;
Brand,R. A single crystal of hydroxyapatite Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)
synthesized at 400C and 2 kbar water pressure with a size of
approximately 1 x 0.05 mm. The Scientific Basis of Orthopaedics,
Albright, J; Brand, R. STAGES OF BONE GROWTH AND LOSS Age in Years
Active Growth Slow Loss Rapid Loss Less Rapid Loss 2nd Decade of
Life 5th Decade of Life 8th Decade of Life The Scientific Basis of
Orthopaedics, Albright, J; Brand, R. Determinants of Peak Bone Mass
Genetic Influence Diet Exercise and activity Hormone Status Genetic
Influence Relation of Alleles of the Collagen Type Ia1 Gene to Bone
Density and the Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures in Postmenopausal
Women Andr G. Uitterlinden, et al. Volume 338: April 9, 1998Number
15 Calcium Requirement Age Group( years)Calcium mg/day Youth (0-11)
Young Adult (11-25)1200 Adult (25-50)1000 Post -menopausal1500
Modulators of Intestinal calcium absorption Increase Vit D Low Ca++
diet High Na+ diet PTH Phosphate depletion GH Estrogen Pregnancy
Lactation Furosemide Decrease Aging High Ca++ diet Low Na+ diet
Glucocorticoids Phosphate loading Thyroid Hormone Metabolic
Acidosis Thiazides Bone Loss Following Discontinuation of HRT
Post-HRT Bone Loss (n=50) Postmenopausal Bone Loss (n=81)post Mean
% Change SD from Baseline Number of Years Following Estrogen
Cessation Trmollieres FA, et al. Osteoporosis Int. 2001;12:385390.
02 years35 years68 years Placebo-Treated Postmenopausal Women
Rapidly Lose Microarchitectural Elements Baseline1 Year Dufrense,
et al. OI 2002 World Congress on Osteoporosis Exercise and Activity
Calcaneal BMD vs WHO Norms Weight Lifters Swimmers WHO Norms Groups
Areal BMD The Scientific Basis of Orthopaedics, Albright, J; Brand,
Richard Bone Bank Mechanical Usage Effects on Bone Architecture The
Scientific Basis of Orthopaedics, Albright, J; Brand, R. Thank
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