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Biology 201: Bone Tissue & Skeletal System
1) Fill out the chart below with the correct bone classification (Word Bank A) and example (Word Bank B).
Word Bank A: Word Bank B:
Flat Sesamoid Patella Femur
Long Short Sternum Vertebrae
Irregular Tarsals
Bone Classification Description Function Example
1) Greater length than width Support the weight of the body
6)
2) Length and width are closer to the same
Provide stability & assist in movement
7)
3) Thin, flat surface Protect internal organs 8)
4) Complex, elaborate structure that does not fit into the other categories
Protect internal organs and provide attachment points for muscles
9)
5) Small bones imbedded into tendons
Assist with weight bearing and pressure application
10)
Source Lesson: Skeletal System: Definitions, Classifications & Functions
2) Study the image below. Fill in the blue boxes with the correct bone classification (from Word Bank A), and
then fill in the gray boxes with the example of the bone (from Word Bank B).
Word Bank A: Word Bank B:
Flat bone Sesamoid bone Vertebrae Sternum
Short bone Long bone Patella Femur
Irregular bone Cuneiforms
Source Lesson: Skeletal System: Definitions, Classifications & Functions
3) Label the structures in the skeletal image below. Some terms may be used more than once.
Upper limb Skull Thoracic cage
Tarsals Tibia Facial portion
Metatarsals Cranial portion Metacarpals
Sternum Scapula Vertebral column
Phalanges Radius Ribs
Clavicle Ulna Pelvic girdle
Fibula Carpals Humerus
Patella Pectoral girdle Femur
Source Lesson: Axial vs. Appendicular Skeleton: Definitions & Components
4) Label the diagram below. Some terms may be used more than once.
Epiphyseal plate Spongy bone
Blood vessels Periosteum
Bone collar Medullary cavity
Articular cartilage Primary ossification center
Secondary ossification center Compact bone
Hyaline cartilage “model”
Source Lesson: Bone Cells: Types & Development
5) Fill in the missing boxes in the table below.
Marking Description Example
1) Where two bones meet Knee joint
2) Prominent rounded surface Head of femur
3) Flat surface Vertebrae
4) Rounded surface Occipital condyles
5) Raised markings Spinous process of the vertebrae
6) Protruding Chin
7) Prominence feature Transverse process of vertebra
8) Sharp process Ischial spine
9) Small, rounded process Tubercle of humerus
10) Rough surface Deltoid tuberosity
11) Slight, elongated ridge Temporal lines of the parietal bones
12) Ridge Iliac crest
13) Holes and depressions Foramen (holes through which blood vessels can
pass through)
14) Elongated basin Mandibular fossa
15) Small pit Fovea capitis on the head of the femur
16) Groove Sigmoid sulcus of the temporal bones
17) Passage in bone Auditory canal
18) Slit through bone Auricular fissure
19) Hole through bone Foramen magnum in the occipital bone
20) Opening into canal External auditory meatus
21) Air-filled space in bone Nasal sinus
Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology
6) Label the structures in the image below. Some terms may be used more than once.
Osteoclast Lamellae
Endosteum Spongy bone
Compact bone Canaliculi
Trabeculae Lacuna
Osteocyte Canaliculi openings on surface
Osteoblasts aligned along trabeculae of new bone
Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology
7) Label the structures in the image below. Some terms may be used more than once.
Periosteal vein Compact bone Periosteum
Medullary cavity Outer fibrous layer Interstitial lamellae
Inner osteogenic layer Perforating canal Spongy bone
Central canal Periosteum Concentric lamellae
Lymphatic vessel Circumferential lamellae Lymphatic vessel
Osteon Periosteal artery Nerve
Blood vessels Medullar cavity Trabeculae
Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology
8) Label the structures in the image below. Some terms may be used more than once.
Distal epiphysis Diaphysis
Compact bone Nutrient artery
Proximal epiphysis Spongy bone
Epiphyseal line Metaphysis
Medullary cavity Articular cartilage
Red bone marrow Periosteum
Endosteum Yellow bone marrow
Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology
9) Label the structures in the image below.
Periosteum
Spongy bone
Compact bone
Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology
10) Label the structures of the image below.
Osteoblast Periosteum
Periosteum (fibrous layer) Osteoclast
Osteogenic cell Periosteum (cellular layer)
Bone matrix Osteocyte in lacunae
Osteocyte Endosteum
Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology
11) Study the diagram of the long bone below. Label the structures. Some terms may be used more than once.
Medullary cavity Periosteum
Epiphysis Periosteum
Nutrient foramen Spongy bone
Epiphyseal line Diaphysis
Endosteum Articular cartilage
Source Lesson: Compact vs. Spongy Bone: Structures & Compositions
12) Study the image below and label the boxes.
Osteoblast
Osteogenic cells
Osteocyte
Osteoclast
Source Lesson: Bone Formation & Development
13) Study the diagram and then label it using the terms below.
Bone collar Blood vessels
Hyaline cartilage “model” Medullary cavity
Periosteum Compact bone
Secondary ossification center Periosteum
Spongy bone Epiphyseal plate
Primary ossification center Articular cartilage
Source Lesson: Bone Formation & Development
14) The diagram below illustrates the process of compact bone remodelling. Label the diagram using the terms
provided.
New bone Macrophage
Lining cell Osteoclast
Osteoid Osteocytes
Old bone Osteoblast
Source Lesson: Bone Formation & Development
15) Label the bone fractures.
Comminuted Oblique
Closed Impacted
Transverse Open
Spiral Greenstick
Source Lesson: Bone Fractures: Types, Steps & Repair
16) Label the image below.
Healed fracture Bony callus of spongy bone
Hematoma External callus
New blood vessels Internal callus
Spongy bone trabecula
Source Lesson: Bone Health: Exercise, Nutrients & Hormones
17) Label the two diagrams below using the following terms. Some terms may be used more than once.
Bones Intestines
Parathyroid gland Vitamin D
Kidneys Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia Thyroid gland
Source Lesson: Overview of Calcium Homeostasis