Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer

with SIS´ and Josephson Tunnel Junctions

and JFET Readout

Leonid Kuzmin

Chalmers University of Technology, MC2Bolometer Group

LTD12, Paris - 2007

Through the thorns to the stars!Igenom törnen mot stjärnorna!

Через тернии к звездам!

In cooperation with: Rome University (Paolo de Bernardis) and Cardiff University (Phillip Mauskopf)

Cosmic Microwave

Background (CMB)

radiation

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation

BOOMERANG-3 - balloon telescopeMeasurements of the CMB Polarization

CEB for 350 GHz, 90 channels, CHALMERS is the only provider!

CEB for 150 GHz, 9 channels (old JPL bolometers available)

• The BOOMERANG2 telescope hanging from the NASA Delta launch vehicle, ready for launch.

January 2003

The He3 refrigerator for BOOMERANG detectors from the temperature of

at 0.3 K

Focal plane

Balloon telescope BOOMERANG

• Channel II: 350 GHz

• Background Power load : P0 = 5 pW

• Photon noise:

• Total NEP of bolometer should be less than photon noise: NEPtot < NEPphot.

• Polarization rezolution > 40dB

• Launch - 2009

2/1/1710*5*0

2 HzWhfPphotNEP

From Paolo de Bernardis, March 29, 2007, Rome

Cold-Electron Bolometer (CEB) with Capacitive Coupling to the Antenna Kuzmin – ISSTT-98

Noise characterization of the CEB I. Agulo, L. Kuzmin, and M. Tarasov

Room T amplifier - AD743

Power load – 20 fW

100 10000

1

2

3

4

5

6 Theory Tot NEP Amp NEP Bol NEP

NE

P (

10-1

8 W/H

z1/2 )

frequency (Hz)

Experiment Tot NEP Amp NEP Bol NEP

Optimal CEB with an SIN Tunnel Junction and Andreev SN Contact Kuzmin – ISSTT, Paris 2006

SN-NIS

Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer (SCEB) with SIS´ and Josephson Tunnel Junctions and JFET readout for BOOMERanG Balloon

Telescope

SIS´-S´IS

4 SCEBs with JFET readout for each polarization component

- Circle waveguide is coupled to 4 coplanar lines- 2 opposite coplanar lines are combined for one readout for polarization measurements

HF part is similar to “SCEB for OLIMPO”L. Kuzmin, P. Mauskopf and D. Golubev,EUCAS-2005

Cold-Electron Bolometer Noise2222ampSINphetotal NEPNEPNEPNEP

,2

22

I

ampamp

S

INEP

22

22 2

P

S

IP

S

INEP

II

SIN

phephe GkTNEP 22 4

P

ISI

NEPe-ph2 = 10 kBV (Tph

6 + Te6)

(Jochum et al. – 1998)

JFET amplifier noise

,2

22

I

ampamp

S

INEP

22

222

f

d

NNamp I

R

VII

In

R f

R d

Vb ia s

C E B

Vn

,/10 2/1HzfAIN ,/3 2/1HznVVN

,300 kRd

kfA

nV

I

VR

N

NN 300

10

3We need matching with

We need

NEP for 4 SCEBs with JFET readout

NEPtot < NEPphot S=1 m2

R=0.5 kOhm,

Vol=0.02m3,

T=300 mK

IJFET=10 fA/Hz1/2

VJFET=3 nV/Hz1/2

Power load = 5 pW @ 350 GHzSIS´: Tc1=1.2K, Tc2=0.5K

0

1 10-17

2 10-17

3 10-17

4 10-17

5 10-17

100 120 140 160 180 200 2200

10

20

30

40

50

Voltage, V

NEPtot

NEPphot

350 GHz . NEP for 4 SCEBs with JFET readout

NEPtot < NEPphot S=1 m2

R=0.5 kOhm,

Vol=0.02m3,

T=300 mK

IJFET=10 fA/Hz1/2

VJFET=3 nV/Hz1/2

Power load = 5 pWSIS´: Tc1=1.2K, Tc2=0.5K

0

1 10-17

2 10-17

3 10-17

4 10-17

5 10-17

10

12

14

16

18

100 120 140 160 180 200 220Voltage, V

NEPtot

NEPampNEP

e-ph

NEPSIS´

NEPphot

Current

Dependence of NEP components on volume of the superconducting absorber

Total NEP < NEPphot S=1 m2

R=0.5 kOhm,

Vol=(0.01-0.16)m3,

T=300 mK

IJFET=10 fA/Hz1/2

VJFET=3 nV/Hz1/2

350 GHz . Power load = 5 pW

0

1 10-17

2 10-17

3 10-17

4 10-17

5 10-17

0 0.05 0.1 0.15

Volume, m3

NEPtot

NEPSIS´

NEPe-ph

NEPamp

NEPphot

Cascade Quasiparticle AmplifierU 0 2 eV

I

Ib

EF

U 0 2 eV

E F

Iq

eV

/2 60 0e V300 GHz

I F

eV

EF

S

I

IJF E TV

SIS ´ tu nn el jun ction :C -cou p lin g to an ten n a ,th erm al iso la tion ,P m easurem en ts &elec tron coo ling

W e ak sup er co nd u ctinga b so r be r (T i)

S

A n ten n a

Josep h son SIS ´ju nction:

Ic -cou plin g to an ten nath erm al iso la tion ,d c b ias of SIS´ jun ction

e -hIq

I = Ib + Iq

Ib

´

5.1´*1

I

IqIK

L. Kuzmin, Physica C. 372, 457 (2002)

Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer with SIS´

& Josephson Junctions for BOOMERanGLeonid Kuzmin, Paola Feodino, Katarina Olsson, Michael Tarasov, Nassar

Abusitta, Ernst Otto, Phillip Mauskopf, Paolo de Bernardis

LTD12, Paris - 2007

Chalmers University, Rome University and Cardiff University

Planar Si substrate

Conclusions

New generation of detectors is needed to measure polarization of Cosmic Microwave Background

BOOMERanG: 350 GHz, P0=10pW, JFET readout, photon noise sensitivity & high polarization rezolution

Superconducting Cold-Electron Bolometer with SIS´ and Josephson junctions – the most effective and reliable decision