Body Coordination FORM 4 SCIENCE

8/9/2019 Body Coordination FORM 4 SCIENCE

1/15

1

BODY COORDINATIONProcess by which diferent parts o the body work together to bring about thecorrect response


2/15

EXAMPLE :

2

Detect the stimulus Carry out the response

Changes detected are called

STIMULIEg : light , heat , sound ,pressure , touch , chemicals


3/15

ody coordination is important because:!a" #t enables our body to respond to changes n o!rs!rro!ndngs"!b" #t reg!#ates approprate responsesto these changes$!c" #t protects o!r $od% &ro' n(!res$

%C'#&( )1 : *igure 2$+ shows a boy accidentallyhammering his

hand

!a" hat is the stimulus in this reaction-

!b" hat is the response-

!c" hich part o the body coordinates this action-

)2 : *igure 2$. shows a boy being chased by a dog$

!a" hat is the stimulus in the diagram gi/en abo/e -

!b" hat is the response-

!c" hich part o the body coordinates this action-

+


4/15

)+ : alking is an acti/ity that all o us carry out e/eryday$

!a" 0ame the systems that control and regulate this acti/ity$

!b" Eplain how the systems you named in +!a" help to control andregulate this acti/ity$

.

)UMAN NER*OUS SYSTEM


5/15

MIND MAP : )UMAN NER*OUS SYSTEM

MIND MAP : NEURONE


6/15

3


7/15

%spect Sensor% ne!rone Re#a% ne!rone Motor ne!rone

%on 4hort 4hort 5ongDendron 5ong 4hort 4hort

Cell body#n the middle o theneurone, in the dorsalganglion

#n the middle o theneurone

%t one end o theneurone, in the greymatter o the spinalcord

*unction &o transmit impulsesrom the receptors tothe central ner/oussystem

&o transmit impulsesrom the sensoryneurones to motorneurones

&o transmit impulsesrom the centralner/ous system to theefectors

COMPARISON BET+EEN T)E DI,,ERENT TYPES O, NEURONES

%C'#&(

Q1 . (a" 0ame the components o the central ner/ous system$

!b" 0ame the components o the peripheral ner/ous system$

!c" &o which system do the spinal ner/es and the cranial ner/es belong to-

)2$ !a" hat is the smallest unctional unit in the ner/ous system-

!b" Draw a labelled diagram o that unctional unit$

)+$ !a" 0ame the three types o neurones present in our ner/ous system$

!b" hat is the unction o each type o neurone named in +!a"-

6


8/15

RE,LEX ACTION %n automatic and rapid response to a stimulus that does not in/ol/e the brain

Controlled by the spinal cord

*unction : &o a/oid or protect us rom serious in7uries

E-a'p#e o& re.e- acton

8


9/15

%cti/ity)1$hich o the ollowing is the correct pathway o body coordination-% 4kin 4timulus rain 9esponse uscle

4kin 4timulus 9esponse rain ;< uscle

C 4timulus 4kin rain uscle 9esponse

D 4timulus rain 4kin uscle 9esponse

)2$

=


10/15

)+ !a" hat is a receptor-

!b" >i/e two eamples o receptors$

). !a" hat is an efector-

!b" >i/e two eamples o efectors$

) Draw a diagram to show the path taken by an impulse in a re?e arc$

)3 !a" hat is a re?e action-

!b" >i/e two eamples o re?e actions$

PROPRIOCEPTORS / sensors that provide information about joint

angle, muscle length, and muscle tension 9eceptors that are connected to sensory neurons

9espond to stimuli that related to position and mo/ement o the body

*ound in : muscles , tendons , ligaments and 7oints

*unction : @elp to coordinate muscular acti/ites and maintain body balance and

posture

Eamples : buttoning shirt , climbing a ladder , tying shoe lace, locking the door

! without looking "

1A


11/15


12/15

12


13/15

Diferences between voluntary and involuntaryactions

Aspect *o#!ntar% In1o#!ntar%%wareness e are aware o the actions e are not aware o the actionsControl %ction can be controlled %ction cannot be controlledControlledby

Controlled by the somatic ner/oussystem

Controlled by the autonomicner/ous system

4timuli9ecei/es stimuli rom the eternalen/ironment through the sensoryorgans

9ecei/es stimuli rom the internalorgans

Eamples B riting

B Dancing

B Constriction o the pupil

B eating o the heart

%C'#&(23&he diagram shows a human brain$

0ame the parts labelledX, Yand and list their unctions$

24!a" hat is an in/oluntary action-

!b" >i/eoneeample o an in/oluntary action$

!c" 4tatethreediferences between in/oluntary and /oluntary actions$

250ame61epossible efects due to in7ury to the brain$

1+


14/15

Endocrne s%ste' Consists o endocrine gland

gland without ducts which secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Endocrine system

1.


15/15

1

@ormones ,!nctons o& hor'ones Efects o ecessi/ehormones

Efects odeciency o

hormones>rowthhormone!rom thePt!tar%g#and

B Controls the rowth o musclesand bonesB 4timulates the acti/ities oother endocrine landsB Controls the reabsorption owater

7gants' D0ar6s'

&hyroin!rom thethyroid gland"

Controls the metabolism o thebodyEnsure normal physical andmental de/elopment

7otre 8 swelling thethyroid gland

;cretns':4tunted physicaland mentalde/elopment

#nsulin !romthe pancreas"

Controls the le/el o lucose inthe blood

;5ow bloodg#!cose #e1e#9h%pog#%cae'a

Da$etes'e##t!s

%drenaline!rom theadrenalglands"

Prepares the body or action inan emerency

Etreme tiredness ;

Festrogen!rom theo/aries"

4timulates the de/elopment oemale secondary seualcharacteristics

Ecessi/e malecharacteristics and earlypuberty

%fects thede/elopment oemalesecondar%se-!a#characterstcs

Progesterone!rom theo/aries"

Controls the menstrual cycle *ailure in deli/ery at thecorrect time

Menstr!a#problems%bortion oembryo

&estosterone!rom thetestis glands"

B Controls the de/elopment omale se oransB Produces spermsB 4timulates the de/elopment omale secondary seualcharacteristics

Ecessi/e malecharacteristics and earlypuberty

%fects thede/elopment omale secondar%se-!a#characterstcsRed!cedspermproduction

1

Documents

Body Coordination FORM 4 SCIENCE