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Body Composition and Weight
Body Composition
• Body Composition: The ratio of fat to muscle, bone and other tissues of your body. Fat stores = Body fat % Fat Stores = Body Fat %
• Body composition, not weight, is the true method to determine a good healthy weight!
• Desirable Weight: weight that is healthful for a person• Weight Management: a diet and exercise plan to
maintain a desirable weight and body composition.
Body Composition
• 5 lbs of Fat = 5 lbs of Muscle
• What is the difference?• Muscle takes up less space on the body (1/3 less)• You can weigh more but still be in great health.
Body Composition
• Body Frame: approximate weight and density of the bone structure.– Measure your wrist
• Small: 5 ½ inches
• Medium: 6 ¼ inches
• Large: 6 3/8 inches
Somatotypes
• Somatotypes= “Body Type”
• 3 Body Types:– Ectomorph
• Small
– Mesomorph• Medium
– Endomorph• Large
Body Fat
• Essential Body Fat: amount of body fat needed for optimal health
• Adipose Tissue: fat that accumulates around internal organs, muscles, and under your skin.
• Teen Males: 11 to 17 %
• Teen Females: 16 to 24 %
Men Vs. Women
• Men typically have less body fat than women!
• Why? – Fat is essential for child birth and ovulation! – Lack of female body fat has many serious
complication!
35 billion fat cells26 billion fat cells
Is Fat a Villan?
• NO! – Fat provides support– Fat provides warmth– Fat provides energy
• However, excess body fat can cause many complications.
Ways to Determine Healthy Body Composition!
Body Mass Index
• 1 way to assess your body size in relation to height and weight
• Use your weight and height
• Adult BMI Calculator• Teen BMI Calculator
BMI Score Rating
18.5 or less Underweight
18.5-24.9 Normal
25.0-29.9 Overweight
30.0-34.9 Obese
35-39.9 Extremely Obese
Downfall of BMI
• BMI uses weight and height
• However, you can weigh more and be healthier! How?– More muscle mass
• BMI is not the best assessment of healthy weight. But may be a starting point!
Bioelectrical Impedance
• Uses electricity to determine body fat
• How??– Electrical current is timed as it is sent from 1
foot to the other foot – Current travels through muscle and fat of
leg– ↑ Fat = Slower Time of travel
• Affordable and fairly accurate to use in homes!
Skin Fold Measurements
• Caliper- Pincher device
• Fat under skin is pinched by a caliper in a variety of sites to determine a rough estimate of body fat in the body.– Uses a formula to determine body fat %– Estimate: Not the most accurate method – Should be trained to administer
Hydrostatic Weighing• Best Method of Determining healthy B.C.• Fat- Floats• Lean Tissue- Sinks
• Therefore, person with more lean tissue will be heavier under water. (Lower Body Fat)
• Conversely, person with more fat will be lighter under water. (Higher Body Fat)
• Based on Archimedes principle:– “That when a body is submerged in water, there is a buoyant
counter force equal to the weight of the water which is displaced".
Hydrostatic Weighing
The BOD POD
• The BOD POD is an Air Displacement Plethysmograph (ADP) that uses whole body
• densitometry to determine body composition (fat vs. lean). Similar in principle to underwater
• weighing, the BOD POD measures body mass (weight) using a very precise scale, and volume
• by sitting inside the BOD POD. Body density can then be calculated:
The Bod Pod
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4onycyfDwAo