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Bob ThomeSenior Manager, Grid Computing
Enterprise Grid Computing
The best thing about the Grid is that it is unstoppable.
The Economist, June 21, 2001
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Top 10 Grid Computing Lies
10. The grid will be unreliable because power grid failed last year
9. The grid is 5 years away
8. The grid is just for research and academic users
7. The grid requires multiple administrative domains
6. Al Gore invented the grid
Top 10 Grid Computing Lies
5. You need to rewrite your apps to take advantage of the grid
4. There is only one Grid
3. You need to move everything to the grid at once
2. Oracle 10g is a grid in a box
1. The grid only runs on PowerPoint
Problem with Today’s IT Infrastructure
Statically Assigned Islands of Computing Resource
– Some are melting down– Some are almost idle
High Costs– Hardware– Labor– Software
Hard to Align with Business Priorities
ERP
DW
ExampleExample
Example: In December
Order Entry maxes out processing orders Financials is idling below capacity
Order Entry Financials
Example: In January Order Entry drops off from season high Financials maxes out on year end close
Order Entry Financials
What is Grid Computing?
“In basic terms, grids are clusters of interconnected servers, enabling shared computing
resources utilization”
“Defining Grid Computing”, Giga Research, Agosto 2002
Grid Computing Vision
Computing as a utility– A network of clients and service providers
Client-side: Simplicity– Request computation or information and receive it
Server-side: Sophistication– Availability, load balancing, utilization– Information sharing, data management
Virtualization– Clients see a large virtual server– Underlying infrastructure hidden
Benefits of Grid Computing
Better information faster– Perform more work with fewer resources– Spread work across resources– Access to resources on demand
Faster response to changing business priorities – Instantly and dynamically realign IT resources as business
needs change
Reduced IT costs– Improve utilization of existing resources– Utilize less expensive commodity platforms
88
Oracle Confidential
Technology Trends
Blades: Every vendor offering them– Huge cost advantages– Software vendors have to enable usage– Dell PowerEdge, HP Proliant BL, Sun Fire Blades,
Fujitsu Primergy BL Linux: Fastest growing OS
– Commodity OS– Ready for blades today– Linux and blades naturally complement each other
NAS, SAN, and IB provide storage access from any blade
66
Grid Computing Evolution
DesktopComputingGrids
• Collaborate
• Example: SETI@home
SharedServerGrids
• Share
• Example: CERN
EnterpriseGrids
• Dedicated Servers In a Data Center
• Example:• Electronic Arts• Oracle Corp.
Outsourcing
The Final Phase: Outsourcing
Problem:– Many apps are already standardized– Replicating admin knowledge to administer standard
components is not cost effective– SMB does not have scale to realize grid benefits
Solution: – Buy the application as a service
Implementation:– Available today from many vendors, especially for SMB– Potentially explosive in under-automated economies and
industries…remember cell phones?
1414
Enterprise Grid Computing
Standardization– Standard blade servers, Linux– Fast interconnects for storage and network
Virtualization and provisioning – Resources dynamically assigned– Realign IT resources as business needs change
Scale out– Add additional resources to grow capability of
system
Grid Computing Components
Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and
Management Tools
Grid Computing Components
Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and
Management Tools
Align Storage with Business
Islands of storage – “My storage is
underutilized and growing 50% a year”
Align Storage with Business
Islands of data– “My storage is 30%
utilized and growing 50% a year”
Disk farms of industry standard disks
– Consolidate intoSAN or NAS
– Provisionas needed
Storage Grid
Oracle Automatic Storage Manager
– Provisions storage capacity automatically to Oracle 10g as needed
– Stripes and Balances I/O
– Mirrors: Immune to disk failure
Grid Computing Components
Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and
Management Tools
Align Processing with the Business
Islands of computation– “15% utilization of CPU is
exceptional”
Align Processing with the Business
Islands of computation– “15% utilization of CPU is
exceptional” Standardize resources
– Blades provide lowest cost, highest performance
– Not Self-healing, Disposable
Share virtual resources Provision resources as required Scale out
Issues
Blades typically 1-4 CPUs Many databases require greater than 4 CPUs Platform must scale to meet future/peak
demand Databases may require more memory or I/O
than many blades provide
Solution
Run database workload across clusters of multiple blades
– Federated database– Shared database
Federated Database
Partition large database into many small subsets
Provide a federated (union) view of all data
Strengths: scalable, extensible
Challenges: inflexible, limited application support, availability
Data SubsetsData Subsets
Federation Layer
Shared Database
Multiple blades access a single database
Any instance access any data
Strengths: High availability, broad application support, dynamic scalability
Challenges: Requires shared disk, fast interconnect
AllAllDataData
Listener/Balancer
Oracle Real Application Clusters
Databases on the Grid
Database clustering with shared disk– Low cost– highest quality of service– Scalability AND availability
Add/drop servers as needs change Automatically balance load across servers Proven
– Hundreds of customers running enterprise applications
CPU allocation staticDynamically allocate CPU
Repartition/reload, drop bladeDrop blade while running
Add blade, reload/repartitionAdd blade while running
Federated DatabaseShared Database
CPU Provisioning on Demand
AllAllDataData
Data SubsetsData Subsets
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Shared database supports dynamic CPU provisioning
CPU Provisioning on Demand
Quarter end sale on the website– Web site load serviced by blades Quarter ends, GL closes the books
– GL higher priority, add nodes– Capacity on Demand
Scale out automaticallyaccording to your priorities
Increase the allocated portionof the blade farm
– Add blades or increasethe sandbox
General Ledger Web Site
Example: In December
Order Entry maxes out processing orders Financials is idling below capacity
Order Entry Financials
Example: In January Order Entry drops off from season high Financials maxes out on year end close
Order Entry Financials
Example: With Grid Computing
Load balance based on a policy to optimize around both of these peak load conditions
Order Entry & Financials
Policy based CPU Provisioning
Specify service levels– Response time– CPU utilization
Monitor service levels Automatically add/drop resources to meet
service level objectives Frees administrator from provisioning
activities
Resonance
Automatically provision CPU between databases as loads change
– Completely automatic and policy driven – Automatically add/drop instances servicing a RAC
database Load-based session management and migration
– Automatically migrate sessions to rebalance workload across RAC instances
– Intelligently direct sessions to instances – Service-based
Transparent to applications– No application code changes required
Demo
Provision Data
Move data to available cpu– Access on demand– Replicate– Move
Provision data in bulk or incrementally with Streams
Build a CPU rich analytic farm
– Provision data in for processing
– Maintain it or throw it away
Grid Computing Components
Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and
Management Tools
Application Server Grid
Complete, integrated application server clusters
End-to-end transparent application fail-over
– Fast fault recovery in seconds
Application-specific load balancing policies
– Schedules– Runtime metrics
Grid Computing Components
Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and
Management Tools
Management Tools
Enterprise Manager Grid Control– Manage sets of systems as one– Application service level management– Policy-based standardization– Automated provisioning of Oracle components– Automated administration
Provisioning Tools
Many third-parties (systems vendors) provide provisioning tools
Designed to manage an entire heterogeneous grid
Create virtual lans, clusters, and application sandboxes on demand
Must interoperate with applications and application specific provisioning infrastructure
Transition to Grid Computing
Start small– Move an application – Get experience– Establish standard
components– Create standard
procedures and patterns
– Create “known good” configurations
– Continue moving things
Scale Out
When you run out of capacity, buy more
– Clone components– Gain economies of
scale– Never make a big
capital investment– Never take a risk
Savings and flexibility increase as Grid grows
Enterprise Grid Computing
Enterprises can realize the benefits of grid computing now
New technologies make it easy– Standardize on modular low-cost
hardware components– Pool resources across applications– Provision resources as required– Scale out to add resources
More Information
Grid on OTN– http://otn.oracle.com/grid/