BOATHOUSE ZHS - TUM · Model with Autodesk Revit. The model was then ... There is an existing small parking house for boats at about 100qm large, but all the boats are parked one

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BOATHOUSE ZHSGRUPPE D: JIE LEI, ALEXANDER HAYNACK, JULIUS RICHTER

Chair of Computational Modeling and SimulationChair of Architectural Informatics

BOATHOUSE ZHS

Chair of Computational Modeling and Simulation | Prof. Dr.-Ing. André BorrmannChair of Architectural Informatics | Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Petzold

Assistants: Katrin Jahr, Benedict Rechenberg

GRUPPE DJIE LEIALEXANDER HAYNACKJULIUS RICHTER

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Table of Contents

Subject and TaskCollaboration with Building Information ModellingConcetptual DesignDesign Modifying ProceccStructural Analysis and OptimizationClashings during the proceccingBill of QuantitiesFinal Product

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The ZHS (Zentraler Hochschulsport) is the cen-tral organisation, offering a vast variety of sports activities for all students and employees of the public colleges in Munich. One of the most tra-ditional activities is sailing and therefore the ZHS owns an estate at the north-west end of the lake of Starnberg, the centre of water sports. Whe-ther you go sailing, wind surfing or swimming, the lake of Starnberg serves as a relaxing scene-ry for the residents and for those living around Munich.

Since the TUM (Technische Universität Mün-chen) arranges their first Craft Race in Summer 2018, the ZHS needs a new boathouse, whe-re the participating teams can design and build new prototypes of their boats.

Within the scope of the course “Building Infor-mation Modelling” engineering and architectural students have to design a new Boathouse for the ZHS site with certain frame conditions. The type of boats housing there, are 470 “Jolle”, which are 4.70m long, 2.00m wide and 7.95m tall with mounted mast. In addition to the workshop area with 10-meter clearance and maximum 200 m², six sheltered parking spaces are required.

Interdisciplinary groups, composed of three stu-dents, have to design architectural and enginee-ring concepts for this new building, using the

methods and tools of BIM (Building Information Modelling). During this process the collaborati-on between the disciplines and the exchange of data is of great importance.

Subject and Task

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Subject and Task

site photo

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The Business Process Model and Notation Scheme in our project was divided into three lanes. Each lane represents one participant of the group: the architect on top, followed by the two civil engineers.

The working process started with the createion of an architectural concept by the architect, which was discussed and eventually approved by the group. After this first step the constructional concept has been elaborated by the engineers.

The next major step in our project life cycle was the architect’s createion of the first BIM-Model with Autodesk Revit. The model was then

exchanged to the engineers who worked with Revit’s Analytical Model to approve the structural concept of the building at first and then exported to SOFiSTiK to proceed the structural analysis. The Revit file, which got exported into the ifc-format, could then be used for both a Clash Detection Report using Solibri Model Checker and a Quantity Take-Off using RIB iTWO.

In case of an individual task failure (structural analysis, clash detection, quantity take-off) the project file could always be exchanged back to the architect to implement the required changes. After that the main process-loop started again from the beginning.

Collaboration with Building Information Modelling

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Collaboration with Building Information Modelling

Proceccing and tools

test model rebuild .ifc file

.ifc file

.ifc file

.ifc file

.cpixml file

.cpixml file

Conceptual Design

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first design sketch of boathouse

Conceptual Design

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site analyse

1.Segelzetrum2.Unterrichtsraum3.WC/Umkleide4.Liegeplatz5.Kiosk

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2,3

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As we saw from the site plan above, we have quite a lot of free space inside the ZHS Watersport center area, which means the length of pathways are long and even with difference of elevation. There is an existing small parking house for boats at about 100qm large, but all the boats are parked one above another or even directly outside, which made us notice the necessity to build a parking house with workshop in this position.

The existing path from main entrance to the lake side it‘s quite winding, which might not be comfortable for the people who want to transport their own boats to the lake, so that we create an new path, which connected directly the shore and the entrance.

existing pathnew path

Conceptual Design

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first design sketch of fitting topografy idea

Conceptual Design

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Since we enter the area, we noticed that the difference of elevation is quite obvious, and it makes no sense to treat as a flat area. In this case we integrating the boathouse into existing topography. By creating different elevation levels, the building becomes more appealing and as for the inside space, these different levels offer the opportunity to observe the boats with more enjoyable experience，and might also be useful for the workers to find out a better solution to repair the boats.

site photoes

Conceptual Design

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first design sketch of view terrace

Conceptual Design

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We have a wide and nice view towards the shore, in this case we don‘t want to lose the quality of best views even inside the building. We keep basically the longest facade in glazing, so that the people inside the workshop area can also enjoy the nice view. Besides we create an extra exterior terrace around the building, which would be the best position to enjoy watching a competition on the lake.

As for the roof shape, we want to keep the profile of the hills on the other side of Starnbergsee, so that we can also indicate the difference of height also for the interior space.

site photoes

Conceptual Design

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Conceptual Design

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site photo

Design Modifying Procecc

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At the beginning of the project the main boundary conditions were resolved and the basic thoughts persisted throughout the development. The structural concept was designed as a steel skeleton structure and the roof was supported by steel trusses. The architectural concept was planned with a façade of glass and a wooden thermal insulation composite system. Furthermore, the mountain shaped roof underwent little optimizations, but the main motive was maintained.

However, the boathouse experienced several changes in its geometry, room layout and quality of usability. In its first iteration the boathouse consisted of two separate buildings, with the parking spaces being in the left building and the workshop in the right one. In between a roadway would make the site accessible to the seashore. With connecting the two buildings via a balcony it would haven been possible to walk around the whole facility on an elevated area.

structure review of first version


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Several reasons led to not pursuing this model further. One of them was the moving of the boats from the parking spaces to the workshop. With too long distances and the need of installing additional entrances, it was considered too impractical. Also, the minimum turning curves did not receive appropriate attention. Aside from that the whole facility was deemed too big with the base area having approximately 1000 m².

In order to improve the practicality, the workshop area and the parking spaces of the boats were combined into one building. Now with fewer gates, which get opened less frequently during the operation time, the loss of energy, especially in winter, would be reduced. By integrating the entire building into the local topography, it would appear less like a foreign body. This resulted in the first floor being partially underground, which required parts of the exterior wall being constructed with reinforced concrete.

structure review of second version


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While designing the building too much unnecessary space was added, including several offices, a conference room, a cafeteria and many storage rooms distributed over three floors. Of course the boathouse was considered too large for its original purpose.

In the last iteration of the model most of the unnecessary space was removed, only keeping areas above the parking spaces. As a result the total base area of the building could greatly be reduced. The low points in the middle of the roof were erased due to bad water drainage and the buckling of the steel trusses causing a weak point in the structure.

Since the entrance on the west side is on the second floor, a pedestal was added connecting the workshop area with the upper floors.

3rd model

Structural Analysis and Optimization

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Designing the structure of the building as a steel skeleton construction, which stands on a structural base slab made of reinforced concrete, was one of the earliest decisions made in the project. The steel frame leads along the entire outer edge of the boathouse, supported by a various number of structural steel columns.

Stiffening a steel construction framework requires additional attention, since most of the connections should be considered as joints. To be safe the bottom of the vertical columns standing on the structural base slab should not be considered as completely rigid restraints, but as torsion springs. By bracing the corner columns with diagonal steel beams as cross studs and because the base slab and concrete ceiling function as plates, there are sufficient elements providing the structure with stiffness. The later added outer concrete wall increases the stiffness even further.

final structural model


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In order to carry the Mountain-shaped roof, steel-trusses were chosen that adjust to the skewed form. Serving as main girders for the roof, the steel-trusses form a solid steel frame with the vertical beams. Furthermore, the trusses were positioned in the top points thereby saving clearance height.

Selecting the loads that affect the building is essential and act in accordance with the use and the location of the building. The live loads determined by the use are:Workshop area = 5.0 kN/m²Offices = 2.0 kN/m²Café = 3.0 kN/m²The live loads from the location: Snow sk = 2.0 kN/m² (Zone 2 and 588 Meter above sea level) Wind qb = 0.39 kN/m² (Zone 2)The design load E with G as permanent loads: E = 1.35 * G + 1.5 * ( sk + 0.6 * qb)

cross-beam constructioncross section of truss construction


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In preparation for a successful export to SOFiSTiK there were several things that had to be done within the Revit file. At first the analytical model needed to be checked for proper connections between the nodes and were adapted when necessary.

The next step within Revit was to determine the model’s support conditions. The foundation slab was set to have hinged bearings. Another row of hinged bearings was applied on the edge of the balcony to prevent unintended displacement of the model. In reality there won’t be support conditions at the top of the stairs but the floor slab of the balcony will be connected to the floor slab inside which could not be done in Revit at this point. As a result, said support conditions were just a work-around.

nodes not connected properly work-around bearing of the terrace

Preparation in Revit


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After setting up the support conditions the loads were applied to the analytical model. As previously mentioned wind loads were defined as 0,39 kN/m² and snow loads as 2,00 kN/m². These loads were converted into line loads and applied onto the roof construction (trusses and horizontal beams). The load on the ground floor slab was set to be 5,0 kN/m² due to the workshop area and the first floor was loaded with 2,0 kN/m². Every load assumption was made according to Schneider Bautabellen.

load analytical model


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After trying to export the Revit file for the first time there were still some errors that had to be looked into. The error message of “overlapping units” was easily solvable by erasing the unnecessary vertical beam in the trusses.

Another, more challenging error was a so called “geometrical export error” in two of the roof trusses. It had turned out that the inclinations of the roof at those places were not high enough for a truss. To fix this issue the trusses were replaced with a horizontal beam. The beam shown in the picture is also being supported by two diagonal beams. The reason behind that is explained in the following chapter.

Problems during export


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Ausnutzungsgrad(sigma/fc)max.|sigmav-STAB| ungefähr 73,27MPa(sigma/fc=0.73)zuverlässige Werte nur über AQB!max.|sigmav-QUAD| ungefähr 24,15MPa(sigma/fc=0.24)

Drucksingma/fc=0.733

Zugsingma/fc=0.733

0.0

Work in SOFiSTiK:

After finally being able to export the Revit file to SOFiSTiK the first step was to determine the decisive load combination. Several combinations have been checked and the most unfavorable load case was 1.35G+1.35Q+1.5W+1.5S.

After some optimization a capacity utilization of 0.73 was achieved. Due to the rather small loads on the building the proofs for sustainability were never really a problem but because of the high span width of about 15 meters the vertical deformation of the roof construction had to be checked for usability. According to Eurocode 3 the highest acceptable deformation is l/250 which results in 59mm. The governing deformation in our case is 10,8mm which satisfies the proof.

Clash detection report

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NICHT BERÜHRTE BAUTEILE

Mit dieser Regel werden Überschneidungen zwischen Balken und anderen Komponenten (außer Türen, Fenstern und Säulen) überprüft.

The overlap of walls and steel columns is one of our huge problems during building the revit model. Alothough we can use the automatically indigrate command to fix some of them but the rest, which stay in the similar situation can not be fixed in the same way and we didn‘t find out a good solution for it yet.


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While we build the revit model, to create doors on the curtain wall is also a huge problem, which is still an open problem to us. In the latest revit model we make a trick to cut out a piece of curtain walls as the doors‘ size and fix there another massiv wall with a door instead. Only if we did like that we can have a model seems in a right way. However it should be build in a normal way instead tricks, and it shows up also in the solibri report.


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The columns in our building are always be reported as „too long“ and „too weak“ in solibri reports, and because of the truss on the top of them it always be reported as not totally touched the upper elements.

Bill of quantities

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Providing a Bill of Quantities is essential for planning the amount of materials in each subsection of the construction and the entire building. In order to compute the vast amount of quantities, utilizing the Software RIB iTwo brings many benefits. But before using the programme, the model of the building needs to be exported from Revit as a cpixml-file. By using filters you are able to group the construction components and the QTO-Functions compute the physical quantities (e.g. volume, surfaces, etc.). Since the boathouse got downsized, the amount of materials needed was reduced as well. Reinforced concrete from a total of 753 m³ to 427 m³ and steel from 115 tons to 83 tons. All results are stated in the Table below.

Bill of quantities

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result from RIB iTWO

Bill of quantities

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However during the computing a few errors occurred, which required workarounds. The excavation volume could not be calculated in RIB iTwo and had to be measured in the Revit Model itself. RIB iTwo was also unable to calculate the surface of the glass façade, even though that information is displayed in Revit. For unknown reasons that data concerning the curtain walls is not exported to RIB iTwo.

errors during quantity take-off

Final Product

31site plan

Final Product

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ground floor plan

Final Product

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first floor plan

Final Product

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sections

Final Product

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elevations

Final Product

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exterior perspective

Final Product

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interior perspective

Impressum

GRUPPE D

Jie Lei, Alexander Haynack, Julius Richter,

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Documents

BOATHOUSE ZHS - TUM · Model with Autodesk Revit. The model was then ... There is an existing small parking house for boats at about 100qm large, but all the boats are parked one