BMKG Development of RANET network and

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM to determine earthquake and

tsunami warning to remote rural community

Fifth technical conference on management of meteorological and

hydrological services in RA V (South- west Pacific)

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 20-24 April

BMKG Topic Introduction◦

IOTWS◦

InaTEWS

Decision Support System (DSS) for tsunami warningDissemination system◦

How to reach rural community with information

SCS- TWS

Earthquake and Tsunami DisasterPERIOD : 1991 - 2009

Liwa 94Liwa 94Bengkulu 00Bengkulu 00

Banggai 00Banggai 00

Mataram 04Mataram 04

Simeulue 02Simeulue 02

Kerinci 95Kerinci 95

Majalengka 01Majalengka 01 Alor 91Alor 91

Manokwari 03Manokwari 03

Nabire 04, 04Nabire 04, 04

EarthquakeEarthquake TSUNAMITSUNAMI

EarthquakeEarthquake

Mentawai 05Mentawai 05

Earthquake : 28 x Tsunami : 13 x

Yogyakarta 06Yogyakarta 06

P. Buru 06P. Buru 06

Alor, 04Alor, 04Flores 92Flores 92

Biak, 96Biak, 96

Molucca 98Molucca 98

Banyuwangi 94Banyuwangi 94

Aceh 04Aceh 04

Pangandaran 06Pangandaran 06

Nias 05Nias 05

Timor 95Timor 95

Padangpanjang 07Padangpanjang 07

BMKG

Bengkulu 07Bengkulu 07

Situbondo 07Situbondo 07

Gorontalo 08Gorontalo 08Manokwari 09Manokwari 09

BMKG IOTWS (Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and mitigation System)

RTWP (Regional Tsunami Watch Provider)◦

Australia, India, Indonesia◦

Malaysia, Thailand and Iran

NTWC (National Tsunami Warning Center)◦

All countries in Indian Ocean rim

BMKG

Components ofIndonesia Tsunami Early Warning

System

No casualties

1. Monitoring2. Processing

3. Dissemination4. Preparedness

Tsunami or notIn 5 minutes

After the earthquake

Earthquake

Evacuation or not

1.

Earthquake monitoring (BMKG)●

Seismograph, 160 BB stations

●

Accelerograph, 500 stations

2.

Sea Monitoring●

DART-Buoy, 25 buoys (BPPT)

●

Tide Gauges, 60 stations (BAKO)

3.

Earth Deformation●

GPS-land stations, 50 stations, (BAKO)

●

Earth Observation (LAPAN)

BMKG Basic Challenge for Tsunami Early Warning

Situ

atio

n A

war

enes

s

Time orDistant

●

Uncertainty●

Completeness●

Exactness●

Robustness

hours

daysminutes

first guess by earthquake parametersSecond guess by modeling and scenario Well-informed,

observed, analyzedand justified decisions

100 kmLocal

1000 kmRegional

> 1000 kmOcean wide

BMKG Effort to reduce uncertainty timely

Aggregate all incoming sensors and informationDevelop pre-calculated tsunami Interacting with simulation and modelling systemsEmulate the SOP of early warning into GUI (Graphic User Interface)◦

Have earthquake parameters and tsunami potential◦

Access tsunami database◦

Develop scenario of threat

Connecting to available dissemination systems

BMKG Concept of the DSSLead tsunami early warning process◦

Collect earthquake parameters

◦

Access tsunami scenario database

Give situation, level of threat◦

Trade uncertainty and robustness with time

Propose decisions timelyUpdate situation for confirmationUpdate decisions for distant tsunami warning

Earthquak

e parameter

sTsunami scenario dbase

BMKG

GPS-BouysTide Gauges OBU

Sensor Integration

Simulation System

Risk- & Vulnerability Modelling

Geospatial Data Repository

Situation Assessment and Decision Support

Open Architecture to support Integration of Additional Components

Sensor System X

Sensors

2wcom FM-RDSSystem

DisseminationSystem Y

Additional Analysis / Processing Capabilities, additional Data Sources

Additional Tsunami

Scenarios

seismic CGPS EO

BMKG

11

BMKGTsunami Warning Issuance in 2007-08

Magnitude > 6.3 (7.0)

September 12,2007 3.6m Tsunami

January 21,2007 10cm Tsunami February 25,2008

12cm Tsunami

November 17,2008 10cmTsunami

January 3,2009

75cm Tsunami

BMKG

BMKGOutput

Situationperspective

Observationperspective

Decisionperspective

Confirmationperspective

Display 1 Display 2 Display 3 Display 4

BMKG

DSS Situation Perspective for International Needs

Updating

1 2 3 4

BMKG DSS Benefits for tsunami warning

1.

Displaying situation after earthquake, forecast simulation, sensor observation, and level of tsunami threat simultaneously in 4 displays including a prepared message from the system ready for dissemination.

2.

Provide opportunity to the operator to update the level of threat based on the instrumental observation

3.

Distant tsunami region will get less uncertainty of the threat

BMKG

National Warning FLOW to the Public

Tools

GSM

Phone/Fax/ sat phone

GTS

RANET/DVBFMRDS/ALERTUS

Dedicated line

Internet

TV/Radio

HF Radio

Interface Institution

Police HQ

Army HQ

Harbor Adm

Airport

Met Office

TWC-Local

DMO

Local DMO

P U B L I

C

In

a T E W S

Public Alerting

Siren

TV/Radio

SMS

FMRDS ALERTUS receiver

Speakers

Police siren

TIMELY MANNER

BMKG

MULTI MODA INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

Earthquake/Tsunami warningWeather forecastClimate forecast

FDRSInterface Institutions

BMK

NGO-USARanet system.net

AUSTRALIAbom.gov.au

GTS

Lin

e

Inte

rnet

USAnooa.gov

• INTERNET• LEASED LINE (FO, RF)• SMS• FAX, PHONE

FO = Fiber OpticRF = Radio Frequency

SERVER

AsiaStar(RANET)

DVB

PALAPA-C(DVB)

BMKG 5 in one INFORMATION Dissemination

TXT & XML Filesms

faxwebvoicealarm

Application 5 in 1in

InterfaceInstitution

BMGDedicated line

RANETDVB

BMG

SMS

Alarm

WEB GIS

FAX

InfoBMKG

BMKG

Worldspace’s satellites coverage, support RANET Tongshi receiver

BMKG

5 in 1 software (5 applications in 1 server)

Developed by BMKG1.

Alert•

Generate sound to alert the operator in the operation room if earthquake is located in a certain location, initially set by operators

2.

Web gis•

Generate maps to show earthquake location3.

SMS server•

Activate local SMS server to send SMS to mobile phone number listed on the table (set by operator)

•

Send daily 1 SMS to AEIC for daily life checking4.

Fax server•

Activate fax server to send fax to fax number listed on the table (set by operator)

5.

Phone•

If the server is connected to phone line and has text to voice application, this application is like an answering machine containing earthquake and tsunami information

BMKG

NETWORK OF RADIO INTERNETFOR INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

2008 (140 Sites)BMKG

Installed at remote areas not covered by terrestrial communication system

Earthquake/Tsunami warningWeather forecastClimate forecast

FDRS

BMG

BMKG

Satelliteprovider

Server 5 IN 1

METEO

CLIMATE

GEOWeb ServerDissemination

Server

Automatic

PALAPA

Automatic

DVB components

Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)

Transmit the web content to remote area

BMKG RANET developmentNOAA introduced RANET to BMKG, 2006BMKG developed 5 in 1 applicationsRanet training, 20-22 March 2007◦

Participants:

National Seicmic Center of ASEAN countries,BMG regional, 10 regional centersTimor Leste, Maldives, Srilanka

Continue to install RANET Tongshi receivers and 5 in 1Looking the possibility to have RANET chatty beetleS

t

E

li

h

t

i

BMKG

BMKG Powerful of RANET with 5 in 1 application in PC

Near real time communication tools from BMKG operation center in Jakarta to remoteCan be used for all products of BMKG for public awareness and informationFree from basic topology of communication, because using satellite communicationCan be installed in remote area Can re-disseminate information through fax and GSMCan access local authorities wherever they are as long as in GSM coverage

BMKG

Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System

METEOROLOGICAL, CLIMATOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL AGENCY

JL. ANGKASA I NO. 2 KEMAYORANJAKARTA PUSAT –

INDONESIA

TEL/ FAX. 62 21 4246321/ 4246703http://www.bmg.go.id