Bluetooth Based Smart Sensor

Network

Presented by,

Maulik Patel

131060753011(WiMC)

What Is Wireless Sensor Network ?

Networks of small devices equipped with sensors, microprocessor and wireless Communication interfaces and power sources.

It can be deployed in an ad-hoc manner.

Automatically collected and presented in structured way using xml.

No limits in sensor type and number of sensor.

Various simple RF, Bluetooth, UWB or infrared might be used for communication between sensors.

Operation Performed by WSN

QUERING – Queries are used when user requires only the current value of the observation.

TASKING – More Complex operation Used when a phenomenon has to be observed over a large period of time.

Application

Military applications

Monitoring friendly forces, equipment and ammunition

Nuclear, biological and chemical attack detection

Environmental applications

Forest fire detection

Flood detection and Precision agriculture

Health applications

Tracking and monitoring patients and doctors inside a hospital

Drug administration in hospitals

And much more…

Why to use Bluetooth in WSN?

Bluetooth is already well developed and experienced

Large range of Bluetooth devices available today.

Relatively low cost.

Many protocols are already developed.

Automatic node discovery synchronization and connection set up.

Bluetooth Specification

Standard: IEEE 802.15

ISM Band Frequency: 2.4 GHz

Range: 10 – 100 meters

Channel Bandwidth: 1 Mbps

Maximum Asymmetric Data Transfer Rate: 721 Kbps

Power saving mode(sniff , park and stand by)

piconet & scatternet

Smart Sensor Networks

Challenge : It is to ensure interoperability among various Bluetooth manufactures’ devices and to provide numerous applications.

Important features of WSN: Collaboration of network nodes during execution and Data Centric nature.

Many smart sensor nodes scattered in the field collect data and send it to users via ‘gateway’ using multi-hop routes.

Smart Sensor Network (cont.)

Communication with sensor networks: Shortage Wireless Communication ; Discovery of smart sensor nodes

Gateway Logic: Controlling Gateway interface and data flow; Providing uniform access to sensors

Communication with users: Communication over Internet, WAN, Satellite, etc.

Function of gateway :

Sensor Network Implementation

Main goal is to develop hardware and software for test based for researcher.

automatically collected and presented in a structured way using XML.

new protocols can be added easily without affecting current functionality.

Smart sensor node implementation

For implementation of Sensor as Bluetooth Node, following components are important:

Bluetooth Device

Sensors

Microcontroller

Its provide the

Sensing

Dataprocessing

Communication

Sensor network gateway implementation

Gateway is implemented in Pentium laptop with linux OS.

Complete software functionality developed in java so it is possioble to change in operation system.

It can be implemented by the use of either bluetooth ,PCMCIA CARD.

Java community undertook the first effort towards bluetooth stack API application

Ex-JSR-82 JABWT

Bluetooth Hardware Architecture

Bluetooth hardware architecture (contd.)

Bluetooth Hardware consists of 3 main functional modules: 2.4 GHz Bluetooth RF Transceiver Unit Link Management Unit Host Controller Interface

HOST CONTROLLER– Consists of a Digital Signal Processing part,having Link Controller(LC) & CPU Core. It interfaces to the Host environment.

LINK CONTROLLER - Consists of Hardware & Software parts to perform Base-Band Processing, and PhysicalLayer Protocols.Also performs low-level digital signal processing to form connections.

Discovery Of Smart Sensor Nodes

After installation, the primary step during execution is to discover the smart sensor nodes in the area.

The is to prepare a list of sensor’s characteristics and network topology.

Next in execution process, provision is to have addition of new or removal of existing sensors.

Communication with smart sensor nodes

Initialization of gateway and Bluetooth Inquiry Procedure.

Discovery of Bluetooth device and Checking of major and minor devices.

Setting of parameters and assigning type of devices and sensors.

Description by Service-Class Field. Discarding of non-smart nodes. Exchange the service profile of each other. Lastly, Bluetooth link is established and data exchange

with smart node starts.

Abstraction layers

Gateway’s abstraction layer uses sensor profiles to create list of objects that represent each sensor in the network.

Each object provides methods that enable sending and receiving data to and from sensor. Specifics of actual data transmission are hidden from users.

Research Issues

There are mainly two research issues for bluetooth based smart sensor network:-

1. Hardware development issues,

2. Software development issues.

Some other functionality to developed

3. Compression

4. Aggregation

5. Power mode related issues

Conclusion

Interesting research area with many possible solution

They are based on many collaborative effort of small devices

Many open issue related to physical layer , MAC layer , routing layer and application layer

References

Bluetooth Based Wireless Sensor Networks –Implementation Issues and Solutions -Srdjan Krco - Applied Research Lab, Ericsson Ireland

I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E.Cayirci, “Wireless sensor networks: a survey”,Computer Networks 38, Elsevier, 2002

C. Shen, C. Srisathapornphat, C. Jaikeeo, “Sensorinformation networking architecture and applications”,IEEE Personal Communications, August 2001

K. Sohrabi, J. Gao, V. Ailawadhi, G.J. Pottie, “Protocols for self-organization of a wireless sensor network”,IEEE Personal Communications, October 2000

THANK YOU