By: Raginee Ranjan SinhaRoll: 06ESBEC071

BLUETOOTH

DefinitionBluetooth is a method for data communication that uses short-range radio links to replace cables between computers and their connected units.

TABLE:SPECIFICATION OF BLUETOOTH

PARAMETER RADIO SPECIFICATION Topology Connect up to 8 nodes in logical star(Pico net) Frequency Band 2.4-2.4835 GHz, ISM Band Channel Bandwidth 1 MHz Numbers of Channels 79 Peak Data Rate 1 Mbps Modulation Technique GFSK Transmit Power 0.1 Watt Frequency Hop Rate 1600 hops/sec Pico net Access FH-TDD Scatter net Access FH-CDMA

ORIGINATION OF “BLUETOOTH”

In 10th century Harald Bluetooth the king of Denmark united Norway and Denmark into a single kingdom. Apparently he got that name from his penchant for blueberries.

HISTORY OF BLUETOOTH

In 1994, Ericsson Mobile Communication Ltd. Started project named “Bluetooth”.

In 1998, Bluetooth SIG was formed and it officially adopts the project name “Bluetooth” as the name of technology.

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

Technology was used for data transformation.

In 1999, Bluetooth 1.0 & Bluetooth 1.0B Specification was released

In 2000, Bluetooth headset and phone adaptor from Ericsson; the first consumer product.

In 2003, Bluetooth 1.2 was released.Improved resistance to radio frequency

interference. Ratified as IEEE 802.15.1-2005

In 2004, Bluetooth 2.0 with enhanced data rate (EDR) is released.

In Jun 2007, Nokia and Bluetooth SIG announced that Wibree will be a part of Bluetooth Specification as an ultra low power Bluetooth technology.

In July 2007, Bluetooth 2.1 Core Specification is released.

Extended Inquiry Response. Sniff Sub-rating. Secure Simple Pairing. Near field Communication (NFC)

Cooperation.

Comparison with other wireless technologies

802.11 Has higher bit rate compared to Bluetooth . But has

higher power consumption. Basic a LAN technology so not a direct competitor for Bluetooth

IrDA (Infrared Data Association) Low cost but require Line of sight. Only point to point Home RF Competing technology. But current Bluetooth is better

positioned in market

NEED FOR BLUETOOTH

A Cable Replacement Technology

It’s wireless.

It’s inexpensive.

You don’t have to think about it.

Personal Ad Hoc Networks

Cable Replacement

Landline

Data/Voice Access Points

What Can Bluetooth Do For You?

Connection via bluetooth

APPLICATION EXAMPLES:

A Bluetooth–mouseA Bluetooth-keyboard Cable-less connection to

printersUse e-mail while your portable

PC is still in the briefcase!

BLUETOOTH DEFINITIONS

Single-slave Multi-slave (up to 7 “slaves”on one master) Scatternet

PICONETS A set of

BLUETOOTH devices sharing a common channel is called a PICONET

SCATTERNETS Scatternets are

two or more independent and non-synchronized piconets that communicate with each other by making bridge nodes.

ARCHITECTURE STRUCTURE

COMPONENTS OF ARCHITECTURE

Radio Front End (RF) Defines characteristics of RF, frequency bands,

channel arrangements & receiver sensitivity level.

Logical Link Control & Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP)

For transporting bigger data products to higher layer.

Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) To query and discover services supported by peer

Bluetooth devices.

Link Manager Protocol (LMP) PICONET, master slave role assignments and link

configuration. Security configuration by device authentication using

secret key.

RFCOMM Provides transport capabilities for high level services.

CREATION OF A SCATTERNET

A Master orSlave can

becomeSlave in anotherpiconet by beingpaged by theMaster in thisother piconet.

NETWORK FORMATION AND CONTROL

ADVANTAGES OF BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth is used widely across countries and almost by everyone.

It has simple features. It is free of charge and not added to our

budget. It allow us to stay cord free. It has the ability to keep our information

private. Bluetooth isn't requires a line of sight.

Advantages (contd.)

It provides ranges of up to 100 meters.

Bluetooth is also low power and low processing with an overhead protocol.

To put it short, the applications with Bluetooth are virtually endless.

DISADVANTAGES OF BLUETOOTH

More battery power when Bluetooth is enable on the phone all day.

Throughout all device, when using Bluetooth internet, the connection sometimes may run very slow so Bluetooth internet is not highly suggested for all cases.

The only real downside s are the data rate and security. Infrared can have data rates of up to 4 M Bps, which provides very fast rates for data transfer, while Bluetooth only offers 1 M Bps

CONCLUSION

Bluetooth is a short range radio link wireless technology used to connect various device by a invisible link getting rid of wires.

Last but not the least, WHENEVER THINK OF WIRELESS,”THINK BLUETOOTH”, this is the best way of communication.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

WIKIPEDIA www.bluetooth.com

E-book on Wireless Lan Techniques-RF, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth.

E-book on Introduction of Bluetooth.

Wireless Technology By-INTEL.

E-book on Bluetooth Security.