DNV GL © 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2014

Bladed

TURBINE ENGINEERING

10 October 2014 1

Wind turbine design software

Ben Hendriks

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed

10 October 2014

Private and confidential

2

What is Bladed?

Example applications

Floating turbines

Offshore support structures

Bladed modules

DNV GL © 2014

What is Bladed?

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed: Wind turbine design software

Bladed is the industry standard integrated

software package for the design of onshore

and offshore wind turbines.

Based on self-consistent and rigorous

multibody formulation of structural dynamics

Maintained and developed by engineers with

over 3 decades experience in the wind

industry

500 licenses worldwide, 300 organisations

Full technical support and training courses

10 October 2014 4

DNV GL © 2014 5

Interaction of:

Wind

Aerodynamics

Waves

Structural dynamics

Power train

Control systems

Aerofoils operate in stall

Structural resonance is likely

Loading is highly irregular and non-linear

Wind turbines are complicated and unusual

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine”

10 October 2014 6

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Wind models

10 October 2014 7

Steady wind

Transients and gusts

3D Turbulent wind

Wind shear

Upflow

Tower shadow

Upwind turbine wake profile

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Aerodynamics

10 October 2014 8

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Structural Dynamics

10 October 2014 9

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Drive Train

10 October 2014 10

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Electrical System

10 October 2014 11

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Control System

10 October 2014 12

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Sea state & hydrodynamics

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DNV GL © 2014

14

Time domain wind field

Random or regular waves

Power train & control

Structural properties

Wave load histories

Wind load histories

Hydrodynamics

Aerodynamics

Structural dynamics

Response histories

Time series analysis

Fatigue loads

Extreme loads

Bladed – Schematic

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed – A “virtual wind turbine” – Validation

10 October 2014 15

0

4

8

12

16

1.E+00 1.E+02 1.E+04 1.E+06 1.E+08 1.E+10

Measured

Bladed

Cumulative cycles

Mu

dlin

e m

om

en

t cycle

ran

ge

(M

Nm

)

(442 simulations / campaigns)

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed Validation against measurements

WEG MS-1, UK

Howden HWP300 and HWP330, USA

ECN 25m HAT, Netherlands

Newinco 500kW, Netherlands,

Nordex 26m, Denmark

Nibe A, Denmark

Holec WPS30, Netherlands

Riva Calzoni M30, Italy

Nordtank 300kW, Denmark

WindMaster 750kW, Netherlands

Tjaerbourg 2MW, Denmark

Zond Z-40, USA,

Nordtank 500kW, UK

Vestas V27, Greece

Danwin 200kW, Sweden

Carter 300kW, UK

NedWind 50, Netherlands

Zond Z40M, USA

DESA 300kW, Spain

WEST MEDIT, Italy

Nordex 1.3MW, Germany

WTC 350kW, USA

WEG MS4 400kW, UK

EHN 1.3MW, Spain

Lagerwey 750kW, Netherlands

Vergnet 200, France

Vestas 2MW, UK

CART2 600kW, USA

DNV GL © 2014

Example applications

DNV GL © 2014

19

Bladed: Model creation

DNV GL © 2014

Who uses Bladed? – A control design example

10 October 2014 20

Algorithm

Design

Q U A L ITYA lle n-B rad ley M icroLo gix

1500

P O W E R

R U N

FA U LT

F O R C E

B AT.L O

C O N N 0

D C O M M

LS P

D C IN PU T S

2 4 V S IN K / S O U R C E

0123

4567

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1 21 31 41 5

D C / R E L AY O U T

2 4 V S O U R C E

0123

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89

1 011

28B X BD C P O W E R2 4V

0

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AC

IN

PU

T

230 VA C

0123

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/DC

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Linear

Analysis

Non-linear

simulation studies

Hardware-in-the-

loop factory tests

Prototype turbine

testing

DNV GL © 2014

Who uses Bladed? – Hardware in the loop - controller

DNV GL © 2014

Who uses Bladed? – Hardware in the loop – pitch actuators

Pitch Drive

Inverter Cabinet

Load Drive

Inverter Cabinet

Target-PC

CAN

Interface

Host-PC

Pitch Motors

Load Machines

Torque Sensor

on shaft

Fan

DNV GL © 2014

Floating turbines

DNV GL © 2014

Modeling floating turbines in Bladed

10 October 2014 24

Integrated modelling of platform motions along with blade and support structure dynamics, wind and wave loading and controller action

Semi-submersibles Spar-buoy

Tension-leg platforms

DNV GL © 2014

Morrison Hydrodynamics

Wave loading applied using Morison’s equation:

• Developed for elements that are slender compared to the wavelength

• The element is considered “invisible” to the sea

• Cm and Cd coefficients defined by the user

DNV GL © 2014

Boundary Element Method Hydrodynamics

• Model diffraction and radiation effects

• Input from flow solver software such as WAMIT, AQUA or WADAM

• Viscous drag term calculated separately

DNV GL © 2014

Moorings

10 October 2014 28

DNV GL © 2014

Offshore support structures

DNV GL © 2014 30

Offshore Wind Turbines on Jacket Sub-Structures

WIND TURBINE –

• aerodynamics

• control system action

• structural dynamics

• electrical systems

“JACKET” SUB-STRUCTURE –

• hydrodynamics

• structural dynamics

• foundation characteristics

• stress concentration factors

• fatigue life analysis & code checks

DNV GL © 2014 31

Offshore Wind Turbines on Jacket Sub-Structures

WIND TURBINE –

• aerodynamics

• control system action

• structural dynamics

• electrical systems

“JACKET” SUB-STRUCTURE –

• hydrodynamics

• structural dynamics

• foundation characteristics

• stress concentration factors

• fatigue life analysis & code checks

DNV GL © 2014 32

Integrated turbine and sub-structure analysis

OPTION (1): PARTIAL-

INTEGRATION

• substitute or “equivalent” monopile

↑ quick and easy

↓ off-diagonal stiffness matrix poorly

matched

↓ poor representation of applied wave

loading

=

DNV GL © 2014 33

Integrated turbine and sub-structure analysis

OPTION (2): SEQUENTIAL

INTEGRATION

• Generalised system matrices ([M], [K],

[D]) and wave loads fed from structural

model to wind turbine model

• forces/displacements at interface fed

back

↑ explicit model of jacket structure

dynamics

↑ aerodynamic damping considered

↓ hydrodynamic damping neglected

↓ potential numerical difficulties

DNV GL © 2014 34

Integrated turbine and sub-structure analysis

OPTION (3): FULL INTEGRATION

• Combined structural model of turbine &

jacket structure modelled in a single

simulation

↑ Fully integrated structural dynamics

↑ Combined wind and wave loading

↑ Aero- and hydrodynamic damping

captured

DNV GL © 2014 35

Integrated turbine and sub-structure in BLADED

BLADED Rigorous, consistent treatment of

system dynamics using multi-body formulation

• Stochastic wind and wave models for fatigue

loads

• Constrained non-linear wave model for

extreme loads

• Non-linear P-Y foundation model

↑ Internal loads computed for all members in

jacket

↓ No nominal or local stress computation in

Bladed

= heavy post-processing burden for designer

DNV GL © 2014 36

BLADED link to SESAM

• Jacket

geometry...

• Mass...

• Stiffness data...

• Internal load

series

• Fatigue load

case probability

distributions

INTEGRATED LOAD SIMULATION FATIGUE LIFE & CODE CHECKS

DNV GL © 2014

Bladed modules

10 October 2014 37

Base module

Control module

Seismic module

QUALITYAllen-Bradley MicroLogix

1500

POWER

RUN

FAULT

FORCE

BAT.LO

CONN 0

DCOMM

LSP

DC INPUTS

24 V SINK / SOURCE

0123

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DC / RELAY OUT

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0123

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28BXBDC POWER24V

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0123

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0123

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Hardware test module

Offshore support

structure module

Advanced

transmission module

Electrical module

Windfarmer link

module

Advanced pitch

actuator module

DNV GL © 2014

SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER

www.dnvgl.com

Thank you

October 2nd 2014 38

bladed@dnvgl.com