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BL02.02 PPT 1 1
Objective 02.02 Criminal Law
BL02.02 PPT 1 2
Essential Questions
What is crime? What are the possible punishments for a
crime? Who are the participants of a trial? What are the classifications of a crime? What are the elements of a crime?
BL02.02 PPT 1 3
Crime An act against the public good
NOTE: Each statute that defines a crime must specifically explain the conduct that is forbidden by that statute. No act can be considered a
crime unless it is prohibited by the law of the place where it is committed and unless the law provides for the punishment of offenders.
BL02.02 PPT 1 4
4 Punishments for a Crime?
Imprisonment Fine Probation Community Service Combination of the above
BL02.02 PPT 1 5
Participants of a Trial
Plaintiff? (2) Government Prosecutor (attorney
representing the state) Defendant (1)
Person accused of the crime
BL02.02 PPT 1 6
Classifying a Crime
According to Seriousness What is the most serious?
Felony – major crime punishable by imprisonment or death
What is less serious? Misdemeanor – less serious crime punishable by
fine and/or probation
BL02.02 PPT 1 7
Elements of a crime
Criminal Act Must violate a statute (law passed by
legislative body) Required state of mind
Depends on crimes definition Motive is NOT required
BL02.02 PPT 1 8
Assignment
List 25 crimes Classify into crimes against people, property,
or business (White Collar)
BL02.02 PPT 1 9
Types of Crimes
Crimes Against People Social Crimes Crimes Against Property Business crimes (White Collar)
BL02.02 PPT 1 10
Crimes Against People
Murder (unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought (premeditation))
Malice aforethought 1st degree—aggravated (premeditated, cruelty,
torture, rape, robbery, kidnapping) 2nd degree—non of the above conditions apply
Manslaughter (unlawful killing of another human being without malice aforethought (premeditation))
Voluntary Intentional
Involuntary Occurs while committing an unlawful or reckless act
BL02.02 PPT 1 11
Crimes Against People-continued
Assault - Attempt to commit battery (pointing or shooting at someone) Aggravated (Usually felony)-using deadly weapon with
intent Simple (misdemeanor)
Battery (unlawful touching of another person Hitting
Kidnapping Unlawful removal or restraint against person’s will
Sex offenses (sexual assault & misconduct) Statutory rape, Date rape (acquaintance rape)
BL02.02 PPT 1 12
Social Crimes
Federal/State governments have the right to regulate health, safety, welfare, and morals of the people. Drug Use
illegal and harmful substances Addiction-inability to function normally
Alcohol Use Domestic Violence
Physical or mental abuse
BL02.02 PPT 1 13
Crimes Against Property
Burglary- The breaking and entering of a house with the intention of stealing something
Larceny -the crime of taking someone’s property without the use of force but with the intention of never returning it.
Embezzlement -the crime of taking property that has been entrusted to you
Robbery-the crime of taking property from someone by threat or force.
Arson-willful and malicious burning of the dwelling house of another or a building other than a dwelling
BL02.02 PPT 1 14
Crimes Against Business
Characteristics of “White Collar Crimes”
Usually involve fraud Usually non-violent
Larceny by False Pretenses- Intended to mislead or defraud Induce victim to rely on them Example: con artists, identity theft
Forgery False making or changing of a writing
with intent to fraud.
BL02.02 PPT 1 15
Identity Theft or Identity Crisis?
BL02.02 PPT 1 16
Crimes Against Business, continued
Bribery Giving something of value to influence
Extortion Unjustly taking of money or thing of value
Computer Crimes Illegally using hardware/software by copying
and/or taking data from web sites or programs without prior permission
BL02.02 PPT 1 17
Essential Questions
List and explain the defense used in criminal cases.
What happens after a person is convicted by a jury?
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Defenses to a Crime
Insanity
Must prove the M’Naughten Rule “At the time of the crime, was the defendant
suffering from a mental disease so serious that he or she did not know what they were doing was wrong”
If not guilty, what happens? Must serve time in a mental institution until
determined to be stable.
BL02.02 PPT 1 19
Defenses to a Crime, continued
Entrapment
Induced into breaking the law by a law enforcement officer
BL02.02 PPT 1 20
Defenses to a Crime, continued
Self-Defense
Defending yourself from danger Must retreat, if possible
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Defenses to a Crime, continued
Defense of Family Members
Person has the right to rescue a family member who is being attacked.
BL02.02 PPT 1 22
Punishment
Fines-payment of specified amount of money as penalty for committing crime.
Imprisonment –indefinite or indeterminate sentences Mandatory Sentencing What is the only thing a judge cannot do?
Not allow you to see a family member.
BL02.02 PPT 1 23
Punishment, continued
Death Penalty Three (3) Phases
Jury determines guilt or innocence Pre-sentence Hearing (Judge/jury listens to
arguments, examines evidence) Appeal to the Highest Court
BL02.02 PPT 1 24
Computer Laws
The National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1996 was enacted as part of Public Law 104-294.
It amended the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986.
BL02.02 PPT 1 25
Computer Crimes
Illegally using hardware and software by misuse of equipment, copying, and/or taking data from web sites for personal use without prior permission.
Research information regarding The Melissa virus. Provide details on who, what, when, where, why and
how. Discuss the three documents relating to this virus.
Piracy Hacking
BL02.02 PPT 1 26
Telecommunication Law or Cyber Law Telecommunication law or Cyber law governs
the legal issues of cyberspace. These terms are not restricted to the Internet. The terms include:
computers computer networks the Internet data software etc.
BL02.02 PPT 1 27
Telecommunication Law/Cyber Law, continued Cyber law encompasses laws relating to:
1. Electronic and Digital Signatures 2. Computer Crime 3. Intellectual Property 4. Data Protection and Privacy 5. Telecommunications Laws