Bkc3533-Osh in Chemical Industries 11213

7/24/2019 Bkc3533-Osh in Chemical Industries 11213

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.. j Universiti

J

Malaysia

P A H A N G

Engineering Technology Creat iv ity

FA CUL TY OF CH E M ICA L N A T URA L RE SOURCE S E N G IN E E RIN G

F IN A L E X A M IN A T IO N

COURSE

OSH IN CH E M ICA L IN DUST RIE S

COURSE

C O D EBKC3533

LE C TURE R

J UWARI PURWO S UTI K NO

MI O R AH MAD K I IUS HAI RI B I N MO HD ZAHARI

D ATE

07 JANUARY 2013

D U R A T I O N

3 HO URS

S E S S I O N /S E M E S T E R : S E S S IO N 2 0 1 2/2 0 1 3 SE M E S T E R I

PROGRAMME CODE BKC

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:

1

This question paper co nsists of FOUR 4)

questions. A nswer A LL questions.

2 A ll answers to a new question should start on new page.

3

All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.

4

Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by

the invigilator into the exam ination room.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS:

riginal hand w riting summ ary on one (1) sheet paper A 4 w ith lecturer 's

endorsement (cop).

D O N O T T U R N T H I S PA G E U N T I L Y O U A R E T O L D T O D O S O

This exam ination paper consists of

S E V E N

(7) printed pages including front page.


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ONFIDENTI L

KC/121311BKC3533

QUE STION 1

On February 24, 1992, OSH A published the final rule Process Safety Management of

Highly Hazardou s Chem ical . This standard is performance oriented; that is, it sets general

requirements for the management of hazardous chemical.

a) What the accident that encourage the Process safety Management PSM) was

developed?

(3 Marks)

b) Give the conclusion what is the definition of PSM ?

(3 Marks)

c) There are 14 elements of PS M, state

EIGHT 8)

elements of PSM.

8 Marks)

d) One of the elements of PSM is contractor. Give the reason, why the contractor is

included in the PSM element?

4 M arks)

e) Explain TW O (2) methods of Process Hazard Analysis (PHA).

(7 Marks)

Q U E S T I O N

a) Tox icity can be classified into two types; acute toxicity and chronic toxicity.

i)

Give the m ost suitable definition for toxicity

ii)

Com pare the differences between acute and chronic toxicity

3 M arks)

2


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CONFIDENTIAL

KC/1213I1BKC3533

b)

Toxicant can enter biological system by many ways. Explain the entry routes and the

method to control of toxicant into biological system.

(4 Marks)

c)

A group of students are tested for skin irritation due to the usage of skin products. The

following are the data findings of toxicity analysis involving the effect of different

skin products upon a specific number of students.

Table : Percentage of individuals affected by product of A and B at different

dose

Dose o f skin

product A

mg/1

)

Dose o f skin

product B

(mg/1)

Total of

stu nts

of

students

affected from

product A

of students

affected from

product

B

10.2 20.3 10 0

84

8 4

7.7

17.6

100 72

7 2

5 1

1 5 100

64 6 4

3.8

3.0 100 35 3 5

2.6 1.3 10 0

21 2 1

0

0 10 0 0

0

1

raw a response versus log dose graph for both product A and B on a same

graph paper

(10 Marks)

ii)

Determine which product is more toxic based on 50 percent response. State your

reason.

(4 M arks)

iii)

What conclusion can you made, based on the result of a) about the toxicity of

both products


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ONFIDENTI L

KC/121311BKC3533

Q U E S T I O N 3

A field engineer make s a m orning inspection. The m orning inspection finds a leak in the

liquid chlorine tank at atmospheric pressure). An investigation finds that the leak was 0.2

in in diameter and 10 ft above the tank bottom and the field engineer imm ediately repair

the leak. Records show that the liquid chlorine level in the tank wa s 21 ft before the leak

occurred and 18 ft after the leak was repaired. The tank diam eter is 15 ft. The density of

liquid chlorine at these conditions is

6

lbm/ft3.

a)

Calculate the total amount of liquid Chlorine spilled ibm)

4 M arks )

b)

Determine the m aximum spill rate

11 Marks)

c)

Estimate the total time the leak was active

10 Marks)

Q U E S T I O N 4

a) Give the definition for the following terms:

i)

Combustion

ii)

Ignition

iii)

Auto-ignition temperature

3 Marks)

4


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CONFIDENTIAL

KC 12131 BKC3533

b)

Draw a flamma bility diagram for methane at an initial temperature and pressure of

5

and 1 atm osphere, respectively.

Given:

C

h

H

Y

z0

-*

mC O

x

H2

Stoichiometric line intersection: ioo(_)

1 z

(12 Marks)

c )

A storage vessel containing a mixture of 60 methane, 20 oxygen and 20 nitrogen

is considered.

i) I f there is a significant energy of igni t ion so urce ex ist, wou ld there be a f i re

occur? Please provide an explanation for your answer You need to use the

flammability diagram from 2 (b) to justify your answer.

2 Marks)

ii ) As a chem ical engineer, you are responsible to fi ll this vessel safely with pure

air. Please prov ide some sug gestions/ steps to com plete the task. You ne ed to

use the flamm ability diagram from 2 (b) to justify your answer.

8 Marks)

END OF QUESTION P PER

5


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CONFIDENTIAL

KC/121311BKC3533

APPENDIX: Related data

Table 1: Limiting Oxygen Concentrations LOCs) volume percent oxygen

concentration above which combustion can occur

Table 6 2

Limiting Oxygen Concentrat ions LOCs) volume percent

oxygen concentrat ion above which combustion can occur)1

as or vapor

2 A i r

O 2 A i r

as or vapor

2 A i r

O 2 A i r

Methane

12

14,5

Kerosene

10 (150C)

13 (150C)

Ethane

ii

13 5

JP-1 fuel

10.5 (150C)

14(150C)

Propane

11.5

14 5 JP-3 fuel

12 14 5

n

.

Butane

12

14.5

JP-4 fuel

11.5

1 4 . 5

Isobutane

12

1 5

Natural gas

12

1 4 . 5

n-Pentane

12

14.5

n-Duty chloride

14 -

Isopentnne

12 14.5

12 (100C) -

n-Hexane

12

14.5

Methylene chloride

19 (30C)

i Heptane

11.5

14.5

17(100-C)

Ethylene

10 U.S

Ethylene dichloride

1 3

Propylene 11.5

14

11.5 (100C)

1-Butene

11.5

14

Methylchioroform

14

-

isobut

y

iene

12

1 .5

Trichloroethylcnc

9 101)C)

Butadiene

10.5

13

Acetone

11.5 14

3-Mcthyl

.

l hutene

11.5

14

i-butanoi

NA ,

16.5 (150C)

Benzene

11,4

14

Carbon disulfide 5

7 . 5

Toluene

95

-

Carbon monoxide

5 .5

5 5

Styrene 9 .0

-

Ethanol

10.5

1 3

Ethylbenzcne

9 .0

- 2-Ethyl butanol

9.5 (150C)

-

Viltolene

90

Ethyl ether 105

1 3

Diethvlbenzenc

8. 5

-

Hydrogen

5

5 . 2

cyclopropane

11.5

14

HydrognsuHide 7. 5

1 1 5

Gasoline

isohutyl formate

12 5

1 5

73/100)

12

15

Methanol

10 1 2

(1001130)

12 15

Methyl acetate

Ii

1 3 . 5

(1151145)

12

145

'Data from NFPA 68,

V c m i n g

of Def larains Quincy,

MA: NtionaA Fire

Protection Association, 1994 ).

N


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C O N F I D E N T I A L

K C 1 2 1 3 1 1 B K C 3 5 3 3

able 2:

Flammability Limits in Pure Oxygen

Table 6 3 F lamm abi li ty L imi ts in Pure Oxygen

Limi ts o f f l amm abi l it y

in p u r e o x y g e n

o m p o u n d

o r m u l a

o w e r

p p e r

Hydrogen

H 2

4. 0 9 4

Deuterium

D 2

5.0

9 5

Carbon monoxide-

CO

15.5

9

Ammonia

NH

15.0

7 9

Methane

C M 4

5.1

6 1

Ethane

3.0

6 6

Ethylene

z.H4

3.0

8 0

Propylene

C 3 1 1

2.1

5 3

Cyclopro pane

C3H6

2.5

6 0

Diethyl ether

c 4 H L 0 0

2.0

8 2

Divinyl ether

C 4 H 6 0 1.8

85

Data from B. Lewis and C. von Elbe.

Combustion Flames and Explosions of Gases

New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1987).

2

The limits are insensitive to p above a few mm Hg.

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Bkc3533-Osh in Chemical Industries 11213