BioVeL MS11 Workshop - Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows

Recent model developments in Hungary: Biome-BGC MuSo

Zoltán Barcza, Dóra Hidy

EDDY COVARIANCE TECHNIQUE

Direct measurement of CO2 exchange between the ecosystems and the atmosphere: role of micrometeorology

Bugac

Mátra

Hegyhátsál

Zoltán NAGY

Krisztina PINTÉR

Zoltán TUBA

[Szent István University]

Bugac

sandy soil, drought, grazing (Hungarian gray cattle)

Mátra [Szurdokpüspöki]

heavy clay soil

Hegyhátsál

2 measurements at different elevation

silt soil

• HUNGARY: 3 grassland sites + 1 cropland site

• Good opportunity for studying carbon balance of herbaceous vegetation

• Eddy covariance: flux separation: daily data is available for GPP and Reco for multiple years

• Need for spatial extension and wider applicability of the results

• 2004: together with Dóra Hidy modelling activity was initiated

• Biome-BGC v4.1.1 MPI was kindly provided by Galina Churkina

• Cooperation with Szent István University

Biome-BGC:

typical biogeochemical model

(pools+fluxes)

Problems: • original parameterization is not usable – need for calibration

• C3 grassland phenology routine is unusable

• cropland NEE variability is underestimated

• special NEE course caused by drought is not reproduced

• soil hydrology scheme is outdated

• human intervention can not be simulated

Undisturbed ecosystem vs. cultivated arable land: correction is neededModel bias is closely related to crop yield (census data).

Need for spatial application at country-level

Barcza, Z., Haszpra, L., Somogyi, Z., Hidy, D., Lovas, K., Churkina, G., Horváth, L., 2009. Estimation of the biospheric carbon dioxide balance of

Hungary using the BIOME-BGC model. Időjárás – Quarterly Journal of the Hungarian Meteorological Service 113, 203-219.

dominance of

croplands

2003 drought+heat: response of BIOME-BGC was consistent with other models but cause of this was not plausible (respiration increased in spite of drought – measurements do not support this results)

Hegyhátsál, 82m (mixed agriculture)

1997-2012 mean(excluding 2000 and 2003)

2003 anomaly

GPP meas [gC/m2/year] 1089 779 -310Reco meas [gC/m2/year] 937 823 -114GPP MPI [gC/m2/year] 992 978 -14Reco MPI [gC/m2/year] 980 951 -29

Modifications are needed!

Biome-BGC MuSo – multilayer soil module

• improved phenology – HSGSI method, combination of heatsum and GSI index (Jolly et al., 2005 GCB)

• multilayer soil module [soil temperature is also simulated layer by layer]

• effect of long lasting drought on plant mortality [leaf senescence]

• stomatal conductance control – now with relative soil moisture content

• root profile is simulated

• + management is implemented [not exclusively for herbaceous vegetation]

Management

• mowing [hay meadows]

• grazing

• typical agricultural practices [ploughing, sowing, harvest, use of organic or inorganic fertilizers]

• forest thinning is also implemented [not tested]

Biome-BGC MuSo

thicknesses of layers from the surface to the bottom: 0.1 m, 0.2 m, 0.4 m and 2.3 m

+1 layer at the bottom, with constant soil moisture (field capacity)

Soil hydrology

Management

Hegyhátsál grassland:

mowing 1-2 times per year

mowing

mowing

Drought induced plant mortality at Bugac

1997-2012 mean(excluding 2000 and 2003)

2003 anomaly

GPP meas [gC/m2/year] 1089 779 -310Reco meas [gC/m2/year] 937 823 -114GPP MPI [gC/m2/year] 992 978 -14Reco MPI [gC/m2/year] 980 951 -29GPP MuSo [gC/m2/year] 945 713 -232Reco MuSo [gC/m2/year] 926 788 -138

Are we closer? [now model structure is even more complex, so we might even introduce further uncertainties!]

Effect of drought [cropland]:

New developments

• correction of bug related to the calculation of daylight average temperature• drought related leaf senescence – standing dead biomass [intact, turnover might be slow]• annually varying ecophysiological parameters:e.g. implementation of annually varying whole plant mortality (dynamic mortality) - forests

Unresolved issues

• soil carbon content is too high after spin-up [recalcitrant SOM is overestimated]

• if soil carbon is reduced by e.g. increased mortality during spin-up then fluxes are underestimated

• this is caused by N limitation caused by reduced SOM

• LAI is overestimated

• multilayer soil module might need improvements

Keenan et al. 2011 Oecologia

Big challenge – model-data fusion

Hegyhátsál, cropland, BBGC MPI

Hegyhátsál, cropland, BBGC MuSo, MPI EPC

Future?

• croplands: ANTHRO-BGC is already available

• MuSo logic was merged with ANTHRO-BGC (thanks to Shaoxiu)

• summer crops are not handled

• annually varying management options, SOM profile?

Thank you Thank you for your for your attentionattention