Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Overview

Overview (cont)

Biosynthetic FamiliesMetabolic PrecursorsAmino Acidsa-ketoglutarateGlutamateGlutamineProlineArginine

3-PhophoglycerateSerineGlycineCysteine

Biosynthetic Families (cont)Metabolic PrecursorsAmino AcidsOxaloacetateAspartate, AsparagineMethionine, Threonine,Lysine

PyruvateAlanine, Valine, LeucineIsoleucine

Biosynthetic Families (cont)Metabolic PrecursorsAmino AcidsPhosphoenolpyruvateTryptophanand erythrose 4-phosphate PhenlyalanineTyrosine

Ribose 5-phophateHistidine

a-Ketoglutarate Family

a-Ketoglutamate to glutamate/glutamineGlutamate + NH4+ + ATPGlutamine synthetaseGlutamine + ADP + Pi + H+a-Ketoglutamate + glutamine + NADPH + H+Glutamate synthase2 glutamate + NADP+

a-Ketoglutamate to glutamate/glutamineNet Reaction:a-Ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NADPH + ATPL-glutamate + NADP+ + ADP + Pi

a-Ketoglutarate Family

Synthesis of Proline

Synthesis of Proline

Synthesis of Arginine

Synthesis of Arginine

3-Phosphoglycerate Family

Synthesis of Serine and Glycine

Synthesis of Cysteine

Oxoloacetate Family

Synthesis of Aspartate and AsparagineOxaloacetate AspartateTransamination from glutamateAmidation withGlutamine donatingNH4+Asparagine

Synthesis of Lysine, Methionine, and ThreonineSee handout

Pyruvate Family

Synthesis of AlaninePyruvateAlanineTransamination from glutamate

Synthesis of Isoleucine, Valine,and LeucineSee handout

Phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate Family

Synthesis of Chorismate

Synthesis of Tryptophan

Synthesis of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine

Synthesis of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine (cont)

Biosynthesis of HistidineSee handout

Possible Test QuestionsProvide the 6 metabolic precursors and the amino acids which they lead to.Duplicate the Amino Acid Synthesis Overview Flow Chart. Expand the sections need to show the synthesis of Glutamate, Glutamine, Proline, Arginine, Serine, Cysteine, Glycine, and starting from Chorismate Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Phenylalanine. (40 points!!)