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Biomes

Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

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Page 1: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Biomes

Page 2: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Introduction

• A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome.

• It is mostly climate conditions in an area that determine its biome.

• We are going to talk about 7 land biomes and 3 aquatic biomes.

Page 3: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Climograph

• graph

• shows a biome’s monthly temperature and precipitation data in a single year

Page 4: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Physical or NONLIVING component of an ecosystem

Rocks, Sand, Cliffs

Snow, Rain, Hail

Wind

Sun, Heat, Cold

Abiotic Factors

Page 5: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Biotic Factors

• Living Parts of an ecosystem– Plants– Animals– Bacteria

Page 6: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Rain Forest Biomes

• Known for their abundance of– Rain– Plant life– Animal life

• The climate (warm with plenty of rain) provides a great environment for plants.

• The more plants there are the more animals that can be supported.

Page 7: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Temperate Rain Forest

• Found along the northwestern coast of the United States and New Zealand.

• Twilight was set in a Temperate Rain Forest.

• Has more moderate temperatures that change throughout the year.

• Between 200-350 cm of precipitation.• Further from the equator than tropical rain

forests.

Page 8: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 9: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 10: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 11: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Tropical Rain Forest

• Typically found near the equator between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

• The temperature range is between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. ( 68- 77 degrees Fahrenheit)

• Receive an average of 200 - 1,000 cm of precipitation each year

Page 12: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 13: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Tropical Rain Forest

• The abundant plant life provides habitats for many species of animals. – Millions of species of animals live here– Insects are a major food source– Probably contain more species of plants and

animals than all the other biomes combined.

Page 14: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Tropical Rain Forest

• The tall tress in a tropical rainforest form a leafy roof called the canopy.

• Under the canopy is a second layer of shorter trees and vines that form an understory.

• The forest floor is nearly dark so only a few plants live there.

Page 15: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 16: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Campa Pita, Belize Precipitation

Page 17: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Campa Pita, Belize Temperature

                                                                                                         

                                                    

Page 18: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 19: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 20: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Desert

• Typically found between 25o and 40o latitude• Deserts are characterized by very dry climates. • They have a wide yearly temperature range.

From -4 – 38 degrees Celsius. (24-100 F)• Receive less than 25 cm of rain each year.

– The amount of evaporation is greater than the amount of precipitation

Page 21: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 22: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Desert

• Organisms must adapt to the lack of rain and extreme temperatures.– Stem of the saguaro cactus stores water– Gila monsters can spend weeks at a time in

their cool underground burrows– Many other animals are most active at night

Page 23: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

El-Oasr el-Akhdar, Egypt Precip

Page 24: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

El-Oasr el-Akhdar, Egypt Temp

                                                                                                         

                                                    

Page 25: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 26: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 27: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Grassland

Grasslands also known as prairie, pampas, steppes, and veldt, are areas that receive more rain than the desert but not enough to support trees.– Found on the interiors of continents between 30 and

50 degrees north and south latitude– Average temperatures are between -20 and 30

degrees Celsius (-4 and 86 F)– Receive 50-90 cm of rain each year – They have very rich soil – Home to many of the largest animals on Earth.

Page 28: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Grasslands

Page 29: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Grasslands

Page 30: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 31: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Savanna

• Grasslands that are closer to the equator

• Warm temperatures with wet and dry seasons

• Temperatures range between -16 and 34 degrees Celsius (3-94 degrees F)

• Average precipitation is between 50-130 cm

• Since there is more precipitation some trees can be found here

Page 32: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Savanna

Page 33: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Savanna

Page 34: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 35: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Ingeniera White, Argentina Temp

                                                                                                         

                                                    

Page 36: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Ingeniera White, Argentina Precip

Page 37: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Temperate Deciduous Forest

• Where We Live!• Named for Deciduous trees that are found there

– Trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year

• Located between 30 and 50 degrees N and S Lat• Temperatures range from -30 – 30 degrees Celsius

(-22 – 86 degrees F)• Average precipitation is between 75-150 cm

Page 38: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 39: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Staunton, Virginia Temperature

Page 40: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Staunton, Virginia Precipitation

                                                                                                         

                                                    

Page 41: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 42: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Page 43: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 44: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 45: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Boreal/Taiga or Coniferous Forest

• Known for its Coniferous trees– Fir, Spruce, and Hemlock

• Further north than Deciduous Biome

• Between 50 and 60 degrees latitude

• Very cold winters—average temp between -40 and 20 degrees Celsius (-40 and 68 F)

• Average precipitation between 30-90 cm

Page 46: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 47: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Boreal Forest / Taiga

Page 48: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Beaverlodge, Alberta, Canada                                                                                                         

                                                    

Page 49: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Beaverlodge, Alberta, Canada

Page 50: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 51: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Tundra

• Extremely cold and dry biome• Located between 55-70 degrees lat• Average temperature range between -40 and 18

degrees Celsius (-40 and 64 F)• Average precipitation less than 25 cm• Very few plants

– Mosses– Dwarf trees

• Layer of permanently frozen soil—Permafrost

Page 52: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 53: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Tundra

Page 54: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Yakutsk, Russia Precipitation

Page 55: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Yakutsk, Russia Temperature

                                                                                                         

                                                    

Page 56: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 57: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Mountain and Ice

• Not a true biome

• As you move from the bottom to the top, you would pass through a series of biomes.

• Animals with adaptations to ice– Penguins, polar bears, and seals

Page 58: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Mountain

• 8 = 47 3.5 = 39 -1.5 = 29 -6 = 21

Page 59: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 60: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Mountain Biome

Page 61: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 62: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 63: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 64: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Freshwater Ecosystem

• Types of freshwater ecosystems– Streams– Rivers– Ponds– Lakes

• Bodies of water with high oxygen levels and less than 1% salt

• Streams and Rivers have running water• Ponds and Lakes have standing water

Page 65: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Freshwater Ecosystem

• Plants include – Algae– Cattails– Swamp frond– Lilly pads – Grasses

Page 66: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Freshwater Ecosystem

• Animal Life– Flagellates – Diatoms– Leeches– River rats, Muskrats,

Otters and Minks

– Sunfish and Bass– Salmon and Perch– Catfish species– Turtle speices

Page 67: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 68: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Marine Ecosystem

• This includes the oceans, seas, and estuaries

• Ecosystems that exist in salt water.

• Oceans are divided into 4 different zones

Page 69: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Marine Ecosystems

• Intertidal zone—between the highest and lowest tide

• Neritic zone—below the low-tide line and out over the continental shelf

• Surface zone—on the surface of the open ocean

• Deep zone—below the surface of the open ocean

Page 70: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that
Page 71: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Intertidal Zone

• Difficult to live here– pounding waves– sudden changes in temperature– covered with water and then exposed to air

Page 72: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Neritic Zone

• Rich with life

• Many large schools of fish feed there

• Coral reefs may form here

• Where did Nemo live?

Page 73: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Deep Zone

• Throughout much of the deep zone it is completely dark

• Some animals in the deep zone glow in the dark– Some use for

camouflage or

identification and

attraction– Anglerfish: uses

its glow as a lure

Page 74: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Food Webs in the Ocean

• Algae form the basis of almost all open-ocean food webs

• Phytoplankton are also producers

Page 75: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Estuary

• A type of Marine ecosystem• Where fresh river water and salty ocean

water meet• Algae and plants such as marsh grasses

provide food and shelter for numerous animals.– Crabs, worms, clams, and fish

• Many animals use the calm waters of estuaries for breeding grounds

Page 76: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Location Temp Precipitation

Plant Life Animal Life

Tropical Rainforest

near the equator

Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

20-25° C

68-77° F

200 - 1,000 cm

Bamboo

Coconut trees

Strangler fig

Tualang tree

Kapok tree

Tiger, Bats

Chimps, Sloth, Eagles,

Monkeys,

Toucan, many insects

Rainforest

Northwestern US

New Zealand

moderate temps

Change throughout the year

200-350cm

Moss

Ferns

Redwoods

Cedar Trees

Wolves

Bear, Raccoon

Insects

Birds, Deer

Desert Between 25 and 40° N and S latitude

Rain shadow of mountains

-4 – 38°C

24-100° F

Less than 25 cm a year

Cactus

Brittle Bush

Creosote Bush

Joshua Tree

Soaptree Yucca

Gila Monster

Cactus Wren

Coyote

Kangaroo Rat

Desert Tortoise

Page 77: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Location Temp Precipitation

Plant Life Animal Life

Grassland interiors of continents

30 and 45° north and south latitude

-20 - 30° C

-4 - 86°F

50-90 cm

Grasses

Milkweed

Purple Coneflower

Stinging Nettle

Bald Eagle

Badger Bobcat

Bumble Bee

Coyote

Prairie Dog

Swift Fox

Savannah Closer to equator

-16 – 34 C

50-130 cm

Grasses and trees

Lions, elephant, baboon, antelope zebra

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Where we live!

Between 30 and 45° north and south latitude

-30 – 30°C

-22-86° F

75-150 cm

Deciduous trees—oak, beech, birch, maple, walnut, ferns, moss

Raccoons, Deer, squirrels, opossum, black bear

Page 78: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Location Temp Precipitation

Plant Life Animal Life

Taiga /

Boreal Forest

Between 45 and 60° North latitude

-40 - 20° C

-40 - 68°F

30-90 cm

Coniferous trees

•Fir

•Spruce

•Hemlock

•Pine

•Spruce

Bobcat

Canadian Lynx

Gray Wolf

Grizzly Bear

Owl

Red Fox

River Otter

Snowshoe Rabbit

Wolverine

Tundra 55° to 70° North latitude

Permafrost

-40 – 18°C

-40 – 64° F

Less than 25 cm

No trees, small bushes, moss

Arctic Fox

Caribou

Grizzly Bear

Musk Ox Polar Bear

Snowy Owl

Page 79: Biomes Introduction A group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a biome. It is mostly climate conditions in an area that

Types/Location Characteristics Plant Life Animal Life

Fresh water

Lakes Ponds have standing water

Rivers Streams have running water

Bodies of water with high oxygen levels and less than 1% salt

Algae

Cattails

Swamp frond

Lilly pads

Grasses

Leeches

River rats, Muskrats, Otters and Mink

Fish

turtles

Marine oceans, seas, and estuaries

Ecosystems that exist in salt water

Sea grasses

algae

Phytoplankton

Plankton

Fish

sharks

Estuary Deltas

Along coastlines

Where fresh river water and salty ocean water meet

Algae

Marsh grass

Crabs, worms, clams, and fish