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BIOMES. What is a Biome?. A biome is a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plants & animal communities. Described by their vegetation. Plants that grow in an area determine the other organisms that can live there. Tropic of Cancer. Equator. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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BIOMES
What is a Biome?
• A biome is a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plants & animal communities.
• Described by their vegetation.– Plants that grow in an area determine the other
organisms that can live there.
Chaparral
Temperate Grassland
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Taiga (northern coniferous forest )
Tundra (polar grasslands)
Savanna
Tropical scrub forest
Tropical deciduous forest
Tropical Rain Forest,Tropical Evergreen Forest
Desert
Ice
Mountains(complex zonation)
Semi-desert,arid grassland
Tropic ofCapricorn
Equator
Tropic ofCancer
Consider this hierarchy model:
BIOSPHERE
BIOMES
SMALLER ECOSYSTEMS
What factors determine which plants can grow in a certain area?
• Remember that biomes are defined by their plant life
• Climate– Refers to the weather conditions, such as temperature,
precipitation, humidity, & winds, in an area over a long period of time.
• Temperature & Precipitation– Determines a region’s climate– All organisms need water, and the larger an organism is,
the more water it needs.
Polar
Subpolar
Temperate
Tropical
Desert
Desert
Deciduousforest
Deciduousforest
Coniferous forestConiferous forest
ChaparralChaparralGrasslandGrassland
SavannaSavanna
ScrublandScrublandTropical
seasonalforest
Tropicalseasonal
forest
Rain forestRain forest
TundraTundra
Latitude & Vegetation
• Biomes, climate, and vegetation vary with latitude & altitude.
• Latitude is the distance north or south of the equator and is measured in degrees.
• Altitude is the height of an object above sea level.
Initial pattern of air circulation
Deflections in the paths of air flownear the earth’s surface
30°S
Easterlies
Westerlies
Southeasttradewinds
(Doldrums)
Northeasttradewinds
Westerlies(from the west)
Easterlies(from the east)
60°S
equator
30°N
60°N
Climate type
Cold
Cool Temperate
Warm Temperate
Tropical
(equator)
Tropical
Warm Temperate
Cool Temperate
Cold
Fig. 6.6a, p. 125
Tundra
Taiga
DeciduousForest
TropicalRain
Forest
Tropical Rain Forest
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Taiga Tundra
LowHigh Moisture Availability
HighLow
Elevation
MTNs (Ice & Snow)
Polar Ice
Polar (ice)
Subarctic (snow)
Cool temperate
Warm temperate
Dry
Tropical
Highland
Major upwelling zones
Warm ocean current
Cold ocean current
River Fig. 6.4, p. 124
Review
• Why is it hard for trees to survive at the tops of very high mountains?
• Which biome would you expect to find a warm to hot conditions with a large amount of moisture?
• Coniferous trees can be found in both the subarctic taiga and in warm chaparral regions. What kind of conditions have these trees in these areas adapted to?