BIOMECHANICS OF THE SHOULDER

COMPLEX

SternumClavicula

Scapula

Humerus

Glenohumeralis

Acromioclavicularis Sternoclavicularis

Scapulothoracalis

GLENOHUMERAL JOINT

1/3 - 1/4

Diameter: 37- 55 mm Diameter: 41 mm

25 mm

Angle of inclination

Angle of torsion 30°

Synovial sheath

Glenoid cavity

When the arm is at rest at the side, the large capsule is taut superiorly and lax inferiorly

Greater tuberosity

FRONTAL PLANE

SAGITTAL PLANESCAPULLAR PLANE

30 - 45 degrees

: The labrum broadens and makes deeper the glenoid socket (top image). The labrum also acts as an anchoring point for the ligaments of the shoulder (lower image).

The normal main ligament of the shoulder (inferior glenohumeral ligament) supports the humeral head like a hammock supports a person (top image). With arm rotation, the ligament (hammock) moves forward and backward to keep the ball in the socket during this rotation (lower image).

Arm elevation

Flexion

Abduction

Flexion and abduction

Extension

Horizontal plane

30-45°120-135°

15-30°90°

135

45

Flexion and extension in horizontal plane

extension

flexion

Flexion-extension

100-120 degrees30 degrees

Sagittal plane

Extension Flexion

Abduction - adduction

90-110°

Távolítás

Gördülés

60°

Befelé fordítás Neutrális és lapocka sík

Gördülés

Távolítás

Passzív

Távolítás

75o

40o sternoclavicularis20o acromioclavicularis

Frontal plane

120o glenohumeral

Abduction

90 - 120o 135o

90o active

120o passive

TÁVOLÍTÁSABDUCTION

ROLLING SLIDING

activeactive passivepassive

Rotáció

50° 120 °

70° 50°

30° 20°

Kifelé Befelé

Throwing arm Contralateral

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Fok

Kifelé Befelé

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Fok

Kifelé Befelé

Herrington 1988

External and internal rotation

SCAPULOTHORACIC JOINT

Depression

ElevationTipping of the scapula

Közelítés -távolítás

Winging of the scapula

Downward rotation Upward rotation

0-30°30-60°

60-90°

90-120°

120-150°

Centre of rotation of scapula during abduction

MOVEMENT IN STERNOCLAVICULAR AND ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINTS

CENTRE OF ROTATION

30°30°

MOVEMENT IN SCAPOLOTHRACIC AND GLENOHUMERALIS JOINTS

ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT

Scapular rotation: protraction-retraction

Scapular rotation around transverse axis

60°

30°

Scapular rotation in sagittal plane: elevation-depression

30°

60°

30°

30°

Scapula forgás előre - hátra

Scapula forgás a transverzális tengely körül

Scapula forgás oldal síkban: emelkedés - süllyedés

STERNOCLAVICULARIS IZÜLET

15 °

45 / 15 °

30 - 45 °Rotation about the longitudinal axis

Movement in sternoclavicularis joint

Elevation and depression

Anterior – psoterior movement

Az egyes izmok bekapcsolódása a munkavégzésbe

2005. 04. 13.

Az egyes izmok bekapcsolódása a munkavégzésbe

0.05 Bw

0.3 m

0.03 m

0.6 m

0.075 Bw

Fc = Fp sin

Winging of the scapula

Tipping of the scapula