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Biomass CHP in the Horticulture Sector Oli Coe FEC Energy Ltd

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What is Biomass CHP?

HEAT

POWER

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Biomass Boiler

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• Steam Turbine

• Screw Expander

• Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)

Biomass CHP Generators

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Steam Turbine

• Steam Turbine Cycle – Up to 50% Electrical Efficiency, 80%+ system efficiency

– Electrical Outputs from ~100 kW to 1000 MW+

– Require High Pressure Steam (~50 Bar)

– Require High Temperature Steam (~500°C)

HP LP 500°C

50 Bar

300°C

20 Bar

300°C

20 Bar 100°C

-1.0 Bar

G

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• Screw Expander Cycle (Steam) – System Efficiency of ~98%

- electrical efficiency depends on unit size

– Electrical outputs from the tens of kW to 600kW+

– Only requires a pressure differential of 8 Bar

– Relatively low temperature requirement (>150°C)

Screw Expander

90°C

2 Bar

150°C

10 Bar

G

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• Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) – Extremely high system efficiencies ~98%, electrical efficiencies 5-18%

– Sizes from 50 kW to 70 MW

– Can be run on thermal oil

– Temperature requirements of ~300°C

Organic Rankine Cycle

G

300°C

80°C 60°C

250°C

Thermal

Oil

Hot Water

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• Design Build Considerations:

– Budget

– Heat Loss of Building and Electrcity Use

– Existing Utility Supply/Grid Connection

– Operation and Maintenance

– Plant Room/Building

– Planning Permission

– Fuel Store

Build Considerations

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Biomass CHP Income

Technology RHI Rate (p/kWh)

Biomass CHP 4.29

Biomass Combustion

Small Commercial Biomass <200kW

Tier 1 2.85

Tier 2 0.75

Medium Commercial Biomass 200kW to <1MW

Tier 1 5.32

Tier 2 2.31

Large Commercial Biomass 1MW+

2.08

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Biomass CHP Income

Fuel

Boiler

Turbine or Screw

Expander

Heat Exchanger

or Condenser

Power

(Export &

ROC CfD)

Heat Out

(Biomass CHP RHI)

Heat Out

(Biomass Combustion RHI)

Pump

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• The installation was completed and commissioned after July 2009

• Emissions Criteria (PM and NOx)

• Sustainability Criteria

• No Grants or public funding have been or will be received for the eligible installation

• The plant must be new

• The plant is providing heat for eligible purposes: – Heating a building

– Heating water

– Carrying out a process within a building

• The metering arrangements are correct

RHI Criteria

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• Essential for RHI

– Need at least 1 MID Compliant Meter

– May need more if fossil fuel boilers in system

– May need more if high heat losses

Heat metering

Mechanical flowmeter and

digital integrator

Ultrasonic

flowmeter and

digital

integrator

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Example – 1.5 Ha Nursery

• Heat demand – 1MW - 4,746,000kWh heat demand

• £800,000 for a steam turbine – 100 kW elec output

2,770 tonnes woodchip per year

£138,500 Fuel Cost (£50/tonne)

£200,000 RHI (4.29 p/kWh)

£42,700 Elec offset (9 p/kWh)

£94,920 Gas offset (2 p/kWh)

Net Income: £ 199,120

Payback 4.0 Years

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Example – 1.5 Ha Nursery

• Heat demand – 1MW - 4,746,000kWh heat demand

• £975,000 for a screw expander system – 400 kW elec output

3,460 tonnes of woodchip a year

£173,000 Fuel Cost (£50/tonne)

£200,000 RHI (4.29 p/kWh)

£170,856 Elec offset (9 p/kWh import)

£94,920 Gas offset (2 p/kWh)

Net Income: £292,776

Payback 3.3 Years

© 2017 FEC Energy

Example – 1.5 Ha Nursery

• Heat demand – 1MW - 4,746,000kWh heat demand

• £1.25M for an ORC system – 220 kW elec output

2,966 tonnes of woodchip a year

£148,313 Fuel Cost (£50/tonne)

£200,000 RHI (4.29 p/kWh)

£93,970 Elec offset (9 p/kWh)

£94,920 Gas offset (2 p/kWh)

Net Income: £240,577

Payback 5.2 Years