BIOLOGY

Monday 14 Dec 2015

Entry Task

An ATP molecule is made of what 3 components? What happens when ATP becomes ADP? Explain.

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Chapter 8 Essential Question •  Section 8.2 (Photosynthesis: An

Overview) •  Section 8.3 (The Process of

Photosynthesis) •  Exit Ticket

Agenda

Housekeeping

Chapter 8 & 9 exam on Thursday, 17 Dec. •  20 MC & 10 SA Science Skills Questions. Progress reports to be emailed •  All those with a D or below

Chapter 8 Vocabulary

•  p. 226 (Heterotroph & Autotroph), p. 230 (Pigment & Stroma), p. 235 (Calvin Cycle)

•  Frayer Model

Heterotroph

Definition: Facts/Characteristics:

Sentence: Picture:

Heterotrophs & Autotrophs

Where do living things get the energy to produce ATP? •  Chemical compounds called food

Heterotrophs Autotrophs

p. 228

Heterotrophs & Autotrophs

Where do living things get the energy to produce ATP? •  Chemical compounds called food

Heterotrophs Autotrophs Obtain food from eating other living organisms

Make their own food

Produce high-energy carbohydrates

Conduct photosynthesis

Demonstration

In your notebook draw a diagram and write your prediction. •  What do you think is going to happen when the candle

is lit? Why?

Reaction Time 1 Time 2 Average

No Plant

Plant

Demonstration

In your notebook draw a diagram and write your prediction. •  What do you think is going to happen when the candle

is lit? Why? •  What happened? •  Why do you think it happened? •  How is it the same or different than your prediction?

8.2 Photosynthesis: An Overview

Learning Objectives

8.2.1 Explain the role of light and pigments in photosynthesis. 8.2.2 Explain the role of electron carrier molecules in photosynthesis. 8.2.3 State the overall equation for photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll & Chloroplasts

Pigments = capture energy from sunlight. •  Principle pigments are called chlorophyll

Sunlight

p. 231

Chloroplasts

Label the parts of the chloroplast.

p. 231

Chloroplasts

Label the parts of the chloroplast.

p. 231

Inner Membrane

Outer Membrane

Granum

Stroma Thylakoid Membrane

Thylakoid

Thylakoid Space

Overview of Photosynthesis

Figure 8-7, p. 233

Overview of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis? •  Process of using energy from sunlight to convert water

& carbon dioxide into high-energy sugars & oxygen.

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

2 sets of reactions involved: •  Light-dependent reaction •  Light-independent reaction

p. 232-233

BIOLOGY

Tuesday 15 Dec 2015

Entry Task

What are the inputs (reactants) and outputs (products) of the light-dependent reaction? What are the inputs (reactants) and outputs (products) of the light-independent reaction?

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Section 8.3 (The Process of

Photosynthesis) •  Chapter 9 Essential Question •  Section 9.1 (Cellular Respiration:

An Overview) •  Exit Ticket

Agenda

Housekeeping

Chapter 8 & 9 exam on Thursday, 17 Dec. •  20 MC & 10 SA Science Skills Questions. Progress reports to be emailed •  Pass out at end of class •  All those with a D or below

Chapter 8 Vocabulary

•  p. 226 (Heterotroph & Autotroph), p. 230 (Pigment & Stroma), p. 235 (Calvin Cycle)

•  Frayer Model

Heterotroph

Definition: Facts/Characteristics:

Sentence: Picture:

8.3 The Process of Photosynthesis

Learning Objectives

8.3.1 Describe what happens during the light-dependent reactions 8.3.2 Describe what happens during light-independent reactions. 8.3.3 Identify factors that affect the rate at which photosynthesis occurs.

Overview of Photosynthesis

Figure 8-7, p. 233

Photosynthesis Chart

Complete the following chart:

Reaction Process Location Reactants Products

Light-Dependent Reaction

Light-Independent Reaction

Photosynthesis Chart

Complete the following chart:

Reaction Process Location Reactants Products

Light-Dependent Reaction

Photosynthetic Process

Thylakoids Light Energy H2O ADP NADP+

O2 ATP NADPH

Light-Independent Reaction

The Calvin Cycle

Stroma CO2 ATP NADPH

C6H12O6 ADP NADP+

Factor Affecting Photosynthesis

What are the 3 most important factors affecting photosynthesis? •  Temperature •  Light Intensity •  Availability of Water

Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration &

Fermentation

Essential Question

How do organisms obtain energy?

9.1 Cellular Respiration: An Overview

Learning Objectives

9.1.1 Explain where organisms get the energy they need for life processes. 9.1.2 Define cellular respiration. 9.1.3 Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

Chemical Energy & Food

Where do organisms get energy? •  Organisms get the energy they need from food.

•  Cells break down food molecules gradually, capturing a small amount of chemical energy.

Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration? •  Process that releases energy from food in the

presence of oxygen. 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O

p. 251

Cellular Respiration

Oxygen & energy When oxygen is not present •  Enters anaerobic pathway called fermentation.

p. 252

Stage Oxygen Location 1. Glycolysis Anaerobic (“without air”) Cytoplasm 2. The Krebs Cycle Aerobic (“in air”) Mitochondria 3. Electron Transport Chain Aerobic (“in air”) Mitochondria

Exit Ticket

Question: •  What are the stages of cellular respiration in order?

Which are anaerobic and aerobic? Reflection: None Turn in question sheets

ADVISORY

Wednesday 16 Dec 2015

Study Time

Need to have work out. Complete any current or missing assignments for your classes.

BIOLOGY

Wednesday 16 Dec 2015

Entry Task

Cellular respiration requires what two reactants? Draw a flow chart of the 3 stages of cellular respiration.

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Section 9.2 (The Process of

Cellular Respiration) •  Exit Ticket

Agenda

Housekeeping

Chapter 8 & 9 exam on Friday, 18 Dec. •  20 MC & 10 SA Science Skills Questions. •  Study guides will be due.

9.2 The Process of Cellular Respiration

Learning Objectives

9.2.1 Describe what happens during glycolysis. 9.2.2 Describe what happens during the Krebs cycle. 9.2.3 Explain how high-energy electrons are used by the electron transport chain. 9.2.4 Identify how much ATP cellular respiration generates.

Chemical Energy & Food

Complete the following table placing the stages in order. Cellular Respiration Stage

Location Input Output p.

1.

255

2.

257

3.

259

Chemical Energy & Food

Complete the following table placing the stages in order. Cellular Respiration Stage

Location Input Output p.

1. Glycolysis Cytoplasm

1 glucose NAD+

2 pyruvic acid 2 NADH

255

2. The Krebs Cycle Mitochondria

2 pyruvic acid NAD+

CO2 4 NADH

257

3. Electron Transport Mitochondria

O2 6 NADH

H2O NAD+ 36 ATP

259

Learning Objectives

Figure 9-2, p. 252

BIOLOGY

Thursday 17 Dec 2015

Entry Task

Write the equation for cellular respiration. Explain how an animal fits into each compound of the equation.

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Section 9.3 (Fermentation) •  Study Time

Agenda

Housekeeping

Chapter 8 & 9 exam tomorrow, Friday, 18 Dec. •  20 MC & 10 SA Science Skills Questions. •  Study guides will be due.

PM assembly schedule tomorrow.

Chemical Energy & Food

Complete the following table placing the stages in order. Cellular Respiration Stage

Location Input Output p.

1. Glycolysis Cytoplasm

1 glucose NAD+

2 pyruvic acid 2 NADH

255

2. The Krebs Cycle Mitochondria

2 pyruvic acid NAD+

CO2 4 NADH

257

3. Electron Transport Mitochondria

O2 6 NADH

H2O NAD+ 36 ATP

259

9.3 Fermentation

Learning Objectives

9.3.1 Explain how organisms get energy in the absence of oxygen. 9.3.2 Identify the pathways the body uses to release energy during exercise.

Fermentation

Fermentation? •  Process of releasing energy from food molecules in

the absence of oxygen by producing ATP.

Glycolysis & NADH •  No oxygen = no electron transport chain •  NAD+ quickly become NADH •  Fermentation removes H+ and recycles NAD+

Fermentation

Fermentation? •  Process of releasing energy from food molecules in

the absence of oxygen by producing ATP 2 types of fermentation: •  Alcoholic Fermentation

- Alcoholic beverages & rising bread dough •  Lactic Acid Fermentation

- Humans, cheese, yogurt, pickles, & kimchi

Energy & Exercise

Humans have 3 main sources of ATP: •  ATP already in the muscles •  ATP made by lactic acid fermentation •  ATP cellular respiration

Energy & Exercise

Quick Energy •  ATP in muscles = few seconds of intense activity. •  Lactic acid fermentation = 90 seconds of ATP •  Lactic acid = byproduct & requires extra oxygen to

remove

Energy & Exercise

Long-Term Energy •  Cellular respiration = longer than 90 seconds •  Muscle & other tissue = 15-20 min of activity •  Stored molecules (fats) = after 15-20 minutes

Chapter 8 & 9 Study Guide

Complete the study guide.

BIOLOGY

Friday 18 Dec 2015

Entry Task

Pull out your study guide and take the last few minutes to study if needed.

•  Entry Task •  Chapter 8 & 9 Exam •  Housekeeping

Agenda

Chapter 8 & 9 Exam Clear off your desks. Remember this is an exam. •  No talking. •  Keep your eyes on your own paper. Do not write on the question sheet. When you are finished: •  Place the question sheet and your answer sheet on the

front table face down. •  Silently (No talking) do any of the following: read, complete

missing assignments, work for other class, etc.

Housekeeping

PM assembly schedule. •  Shortened 6th period Upon return… •  Chapter 12 •  Seat changes