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SULIT 4551/1 4551/1 @2008 [Lihat sebelah] SULIT 1 Pkpsm PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2008 BIOLOGY PAPER 2 Two hours thirty minutes JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU DO NOT OPEN THE TEST PAPER UNTILL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO 1. Kertas ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman 2. For Examiner’s Use Section Question Full Marks Marks Obtained A 1 13 2 12 3 12 4 12 5 11 B 6 20 7 20 8 20 9 20 Total 100 Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 26 halaman bercetak . Name:………………………………………………… Form :…………………………………………………. 4551/2 Biology Paper 2 Sept 2008 2 1 2 hours

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Page 1: BIOLOGY JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI · PDF fileRajah 2 menunjukkan piramid makanan. Diagram 2 Rajah 2 (a) Label A, B, C and D are the different classes of food that make up the balanced

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Pkpsm

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2008

BIOLOGY

PAPER 2

Two hours thirty minutes

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU DO NOT OPEN THE TEST PAPER UNTILL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

1. Kertas ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.

2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di

halaman 2.

For Examiner’s Use

Section Question Full

Marks Marks

Obtained

A

1 13

2 12

3 12

4 12

5 11

B

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Total 100

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 26 halaman bercetak .

Name:…………………………………………………

Form :………………………………………………….

4551/2 Biology Paper 2 Sept 2008

2

12 hours

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MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON

1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian.Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A.Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.

2 Jawab DUA soalan daripada Bahagian B. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B pada halaman bergaris di bahagian akhir kertas soalan ini.

3 Jawab Bahagian B dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan,

gambarajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.

4. Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah. 5. Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas

jawapan itu.

6. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakansebaliknya.

7. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan

dalam kurungan.

8. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit.Bahagian B ialah 60 minit.

9. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan

10. Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.

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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of three sections :

Section A Section B and Section C.

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A clearly in the spaces provided in the question paper

3. Answer TWO question from Section B. Write your answer for Section B on the lines paper in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer.

4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks..

5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer.

6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. 7. Marks allocated for each questions or part question are shown in brackets

8. The time suggested to complete Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 60 minutes.

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator

10 Hand in this question paper at the end of the examination

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Section A

[ 60 marks ] Answer all questions.

The time suggested to complete this section is 90 minutes

For Examiner’s

Use

1 Diagram 1 shows structures of protein. The protein structures can be

classified into four levels J, K, L and M based on organization of their

structures.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur protein. Struktur protein boleh dikelaskan

kepada empat aras J,K L dan M berdasarkan organisasi bentuk strukturnya.

Diagram 1 / Rajah 1

(a) ( i) Label amino acid and peptide bond in J Labelkan asid amino dan ikatan peptide pada J X :………………………………………………………………………… Y :………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks] (ii) Name the protein structures of L and M Namakan struktur protein L dan M.

L: ……………………………………………………………………………..

M: ……………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks] (b) (i) Name the organelle in the cell where the protein is synthesized? Namakan organel dalam sel di mana protein disintesis? …………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark] (ii) Name the process P in the following reaction?

Namakan proses P dalam tindakbalas berikut?

1 (a)(i)

1 (a)(ii)

1 (b)(i)

1 (b)(ii)

J K L M

X

Y

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All enzymes are protein. Enzymes are sensitive to temperature.

Semua enzim adalah protein. Enzim peka kepada suhu.

……………………………………………………………………………. P + H2O [ 1 mark ] (iii) By using the letters J,K L and M, which protein structure is represented Dengan menggunakan huruf J, K, L dan M, struktur protein manakah mewakili Enzyme / enzim : …………………………………………. Haemoglobin /hemoglobin : …………………………………………

[ 2 marks ]

(c) Explain why food is kept in refrigerator? Terangkan kenapa makanan disimpan dalam peti sejuk?

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks ]

d) A branded washing machine is provided with temperature regulator.

A housewife uses the detergent containing enzyme at 40oC to wash

the clothes. Using the information given, explain why?

Mesin basuh berjenama dibekalkan dengan pengawalatur suhu. Seorang surirumah menggunakan pencuci yang mengandungi enzim pada suhu 40oC untuk mencuci pakaian. Dengan mengunakan maklumat yang diberi, terangkan mengapa?

………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………..….

………………………………………………………………………………..

1 (b)(iii)

1 (c)

1 (d)

TOTAL

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[ 2 marks]

2 Diagram 2 shows a food pyramid.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan piramid makanan.

Diagram 2

Rajah 2

(a) Label A, B, C and D are the different classes of food that make up the

balanced diet.

Label A, B, C and D adalah kelas-kelas makanan yang berbeza

dalam gizi seimbang.

(i) Name the classes of food labeled C and D.

Namakan kelas makanan dilabelkan C dan D.

C : ......................................................................................................

D : ………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

(ii) State two functions of C ?

Nyatakan dua fungsi bagi C

……………………………………………………………………………….

..............................................................................................................

2 (a)(i)

2 (a)(ii)

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[2 marks]

(b) Explain the statement above.

Terangkan pernyataan di atas..

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

[4 marks]

(c) Explain how the methods above extend the life span of the foods.

Terangkan bagaimana kaedah-kaedah di atas dapat memanjangkan

jangka hayat makanan.

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………….

2 (b)

2 (c)

TOTAL

Malnutrition caused by the unbalanced diet. Malnutrition of B

for a long term will affects certain health problems.

Malnutrisi berpunca dari gizi yang tidak seimbang. Malnutrisi

bagi B dalam tempoh masa yang lama akan menyebabkan

beberapa masalah kesihatan.

Fermentation and UHT treatment are food processing methods.

Penapaian dan UHT adalah kaedah pemprosesan makanan

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[4 marks]

3 Diagram 3.1 shows agricultural activities which give effect P along the river at Zone R, Zone S and Zone T. Diagram 3.2 shows the changes of dissolved oxygen and the changes of certain bacteria population in the river. Rajah 3.1 shows aktiviti pertanian yang memberikan kesan P di sepanjang aliran sungai di Zon R, Zon S dan Zon T. Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan perubahan kepekatan oksigen terlarut dan perubahan populasi bakteria tertentu dalam sungai itu.

Diagram 3.1

R T S

Po

pu

latio

n o

f ba

cte

ria

(arb

itrary

un

it)

Co

nce

ntr

ation

o

f d

isso

lve

d

oxyge

n. (

arb

itra

ry u

nit)

Oxygen Bacteria

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Diagram 3.2

(a) (i) What is the distance from X where the concentration of dissolved

oxygen and the bacterial population begin to change?.

Berapakah jarak dari X dimana kepekatan oksigen terlarut dan

populasi bakteria mulai berubah?.

…………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(ii) What is the ecological term for the effect P? Give one example of

substance which cause the effect P.

Apakah istilah ekologi bagi kesan P? Berikan satu contoh bahan yang

menyumbangkan kesan P.

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2 marks]

(b) The fish population in the river was also affected by P. Draw in the

Diagram 3.2 to show the change of fish population at Zone R, S and T.

Give a reason.

Populasi ikan dalam sungai tersebut juga mengalami kesan dari P. Lakar

graf dalam Diagram 3.2 untuk menunjukkan populasi ikan pada Zon R, S

dan T. Berikan alasan anda.

.......................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................... [2 marks]

3 (a)(i)

3 (a)(ii)

3 (b)

After 3 years, there is abundant of algal population at Zone S which

result the death of aquatic organisms.

Selepas 3 tahun didapati Zon S mengalami pertumbuhan populasi alga

yang sangat ketara dan menyebabkan kematian organisma akuatik.

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(c) Describe the phenomenon based on above statement.

Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, huraikan fenomena tersebut.

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

[4 marks]

(d) Based on Diagram 3.2, explain the relationship among the agriculture

sewage, bacterial population and the oxygen content in the river.

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

[3 marks]

3 (c)

3 (d)

TOTAL

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4 Diagram 4 shows the pathway of water movement from the soil to the upper

plant of the plant.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan laluan pergerakan air dari tanah ke bahagian atas

tumbuhan.

Diagram 4

Rajah 4

(a) State one characteristic of R and its importance.

Nyatakan satu ciri R dan kepentingannya.

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks ]

(b) (i) Based on Diagram 4, explain how water from soil move to structure T.

Berdasarkan Rajah 4, terangkan bagaimana air dari tanah bergerak

ke struktur T

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

4 (a)

Soil

R S

T

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......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

[ 4 marks ]

(ii) The flow of water along the T structure is carried out by capillary

action. Name the forces involved to ensure the continuous flow of

water.

Pergerakan air sepanjang struktur T disebabkan oleh tindakan

kapilari. Namakan daya yang terlibat untuk memastikan pergerakan air

yang berterusan

..............................................................................................................

.[ 1 mark ]

(iii) Explain how these forces in b(ii) enables the movement of water to the

top of the plant.

Terangkan bagaimana daya dalam b(ii) membolehkan pergerakan air

ke bahagian atas tumbuhan.

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks ]

(d) Describe how the plant control their water loss.

Terangkan bagaimana tumbuhan mengawal kehilangan air.

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

[ 3 mark

4(b)(i)

4(b)(ii)

4(b)(iii)

4(d)

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TOTAL

5 Diagram 5 shows the changes of four types of hormone which control the

menstrual cycle and follicle development in the ovaries.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan perubahan empat jenis hormon yang mengawal kitar

haid dan perkembangan folikel dalam ovari.

Diagram 5

Rajah 5

(a) Based on Diagram 5 name the hormone labeled P and R.

Berdasarkan Rajah 5, namakan hormon yang berlabel P and R:

P : ……………………………………………………………………………

R : ……………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

(b) Complete the follicle development in boxes M and N in the Diagram 5.

Lengkapkan perkembangan folikel dalam petak M dan K pada Rajah 5.

5 (a)

5(b)

Q P

R S

M N

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[1 marks ]

(c) Based on the Diagram 5, explain the relationship between the structure M

and the level of hormone S.

Berdasarkan Rajah 5, terangkan hubungan di antara aras hormon S

dengan struktur M.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

[3 marks]

(d) If fertilization occurred, the level of hormones S is maintained and the

pregnancy is proceed.

Explain the importance of hormone S.

Jika persenyawaan telah berlaku, aras hormone S dikekalkan dan

kehamilan terus berlaku. Terangkan kepentingan hormon S

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

.....................................................................................................................

[4 marks]

(e) If the sperm counts of a husband is too low, artificial insemination can be

carried out to overcome this infertility problem. Discuss the appropriate

technique should be used.

Jika jumlah sperma suami terlalu rendah, teknik permanian beradas boleh

digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ketidaksuburan ini. Bincangkan

teknik yang sesuai digunakan.

..………………………………………………………………………………..

5(c)

5(d)

5(e)

TOTAL

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.....................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

Section B

[ 40 marks ]

Answer any two question. The time suggested to complete this section is 60 minutes

6 (a) According to the stages metaphase, anaphase and telophase in cell division,

differentiate the events happening during mitosis and meiosis.

Berdasarkan kepada peringkat metafasa, anafasa dan telofasa dalam

pembahagian sel, bezakan peristiwa yang berlaku semasa mitosis dan meiosis.

[4 marks]

(b) Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2 Diagram 6.1 is a new variety of a vegetable which has a great commercial value.

Diagram 6.2 is the original parent of the plant.

Based on above Diagram and with your biological knowledge, explain how a farmer

can propagate this variety to give a large scale of yield and at the same time maintains

its quality.

Rajah 6.1 adalah satu variati sayuran di mana mempunyai nilai komersial.

Rajah 6.2 adalah induk tempatan pokok tersebut.

Berdasarkan Rajah di atas dan pengetahuan biologi anda, terangkan bagaimana

seorang petani dapat memperbanyakkan variati ini supaya hasil ladang dapat

meningkat dan pada masa yang sama, kualiti dapat dipelihara.

[6 marks]

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c) Discuss how mutation can lead to the formation of tumour Bincangkan bagaimana mutasi dapat menyebabkan pembentukan tumor.

[10 marks]

7 Diagram 7 shows the colour variation in a species of moth, Biston betularia in polluted

environment. Due to natural selection, the white coloured moth’s become extinct as well

as the time passed.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan variasi warna bagi satu spesis kupu-kupu di suatu kawasan

persekitaran tercemar. Akibat dari pemilihan semulajadi, lama-kelamaan kupu-kupu

putih mengalami kepupusan.

Diagram 7 / Rajah 7

(a) Based on the Diagram 7 , explain the meaning of ‘natural selection’.

Berdasarkan Rajah 7, terangkan pengertian ‘pemilihan semulajadi’

[4 marks] (b) The variation of human blood group is determined by three different alleles A, B and

O. By using a schematic diagram, show the possibilities of phenotypes and

genotypes of the offsprings if mother’s blood group is AB and father’s blood group is

A.

Variasi kumpulan darah manusia ditentukan oleh tiga alel yang berbeza A, B dan O.

Dengan mengunakan rajah skema, tunjukkan kemungkinan fenotip dan genotip

anak-anak jika kumpulan darah ibu AB dan kumpulan darah bapa adalah A.

[6 marks ]

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(c) Table 7.1 and 7.2 below show the blood group and height variations of the

students in a secondary school.

Jadual 7.1 dan 7.2 di bawah menunjukkan variasi kumpulan darah dan ketinggian

pelajar di sebuah sekolah menengah.

i) Blood Group / Kumpulan darah

Blood group

Kumpulan darah

A B AB 0

Number of students

Bilangan pelajar

13

9

3

20

TABLE 7.1

JADUAL 7.1

ii) Height / Ketinggian

TABLE 7.1

JADUAL 7.1

Based on Table 7.1 and 7.2, construct two different histograms on a graph paper to

show the number of students against blood group and the number of students against

height. Explain the similarities and differences between these two types of variations.

Berdasarkan Jadual 7.1 dan 7.2, bina dua histogram yang berbeza pada satu kertas

graf untuk menunjukkan bilangan pelajar melawan kumpulan darah dan bilangan pelajar

melawan ketinggian. Terangkan persamaan dan perbezaan antara dua jenis variasi

tersebut.

[10 marks]

Height /

Tinggi

( cm )

135-

139

140-

144

145-

149

150-

154

155-

159

160-

164

165-

169

170-

174

Number of students

Bilangan pelajar

2

5

7

9

10

7

4

1

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8 (a) Diagram 8 shows the schematic diagram the regulatory mechanism of carbon dioxide

content in the human body.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan rajah skema mekanisme kawalatur kandungan karbon dioksida

dalam badan manusia.

DIAGRAM 8

RAJAH 8

(a) Based on Diagram 8, explain how the regulatory mechanism of carbon dioxide assists a

person during vigorous activity to maintain the carbon dioxide content in his blood.

[10 marks]

Berdasarkan Rajah 8 terangkan bagaimana mekanisme kawal atur kandungan

karbon dioksida membantu seseorang yang melakukan aktiviti cergas menstabilkan

kandungan karbon dioksida dalam darahnya.

Carbon dioxide level in the blood increases Aras karbon dioksida dalam

darah meningkat

Detected by Dikesan oleh

Nerves Impuls Impuls

Detected by Dikesan oleh

Nerves Impuls Impuls

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[10 markah]

(b)

You are asked to prepare a talk on” Good eating habits” for a group of parents.

Discuss the good eating habits that you may want to educate them.

Anda dikehendaki menyediakan suatu ceramah yang bertajuk “ Amalan tabiat

pemakanan yang baik” untuk sekumpulan ibu bapa. Bincangkan amalan

pemakanan yang baik untuk disampaikan kepada mereka.

[ 10 marks]

Some families often eat fast food because working parents do not

have time to prepare home cooked food. These eating habits lead

to many health problems.

Sesetengah keluarga kerap mengambil makanan segera kerana

ibubapa mereka yang bekerja tidak mempunyai masa untuk

menyediakan sarapan di rumah. Tabiat makan ini menyebabkan

berlakunya pelbagai masalah kesihatan.

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9 (a) Diagram 9 shows the Nitrogen Cycle. Rajah 9 menunjukkan kitar Nitrogen.

Urine Air kencing

Organic materials Bahan organik

Root nodules of legumes Nodul akar kekacang

Ammonium compound Sebatian ammonium

Nitrite Nitrit

Nitrate Nitrat

Faeces Najis

Nitrogen in the atmosphere

Nitrogen dalam

atmosfera

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Diagram 9.1 Based on Diagram 9.1, discuss the role of microorganisms in the Nitrogen Cycle.

Berdasarkan Rajah 9.1 , bincangkan peranan mikroorganisma di dalam Kitar Nitrogen [10 marks]

(b) Diagram 9.2 shows the ozone layer in atmosphere that protects earth from ultraviolet

rays from the sun. Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan lapisan ozon dalam atmosfera yang melindungi bumi

daripada sinar ultraviolet daripada matahari.

DIAGRAM 9.2 Describe how the ozone layer becomes thinner. Discuss its effects on humans and

Root nodules

of legumes

Nodul akar

kekacang

Solar radiation

Sinaran suria

Stratosphere Stratosfera

Ozone layer

Lapisan ozon

Harmful ultraviolet radiation Sinaran ultra ungu

berbahaya

Troposphere

Trofosfera

Earth

Bumi

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the environment and suggest the ways to solve these problems.

Huraikan bagaimana lapisan ozon menjadi semakin nipis. Bincangkan kesannya

kepada manusia serta alam sekitar dan cadangkan langkah-langkah untuk

mengatasi masalah ini.

[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER SPACE FOR ANSWERS / RUANG UNTUK JAWAPAN

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